Leapp-repository: leapp-upgrade-el9toel10: leapp-upgrade-el9toel10: scan_mysql runs mysqld --validate-config as root and can load mysql-writable plugins

A privilege escalation flaw was found in the scan_mysql actor of leapp-upgrade-el9toel10 (provided by leapp-repository). During RHEL 9 to RHEL 10 upgrades, the actor runs: mysqld --validate-config --log-error-verbosity=2 directly as root in the Leapp actor context, bypassing the packaged MySQL systemd unit that normally starts the daemon as User=mysql. A process compromised as the mysql OS identity can write a version-2 persisted configuration (mysqld-auto.cnf) and a malicious shared object into /var/lib/mysql (a directory owned by mysql). That persisted map can set plugin_dir to /var/lib/mysql and early_plugin_load (or related loader options such as plugin_load / plugin_load_add) so MySQL loads the attacker-controlled object during configuration validation. Plugin loading can reach dlopen() before MySQL’s runtime-user check and before plugin-symbol validation. When an administrator subsequently runs the documented Leapp preupgrade or upgrade workflow, attacker-controlled code can execute as UID 0 with a full capability set in an unconfined SELinux domain (unconfined_t). The attack does not require write access to the default system plugin path under /usr; redirecting plugin_dir via mysql-owned persisted state is sufficient. Ordinary SQL privileges alone (including highly privileged SQL accounts) are not a sufficient startpoint — OS-level execution as the mysql service identity is required, plus later administrator invocation of Leapp.

Vulnerability in the Oracle HRMS (India) product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle HRMS (India). While the vulnerability is in Oracle HRMS (India), attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle HRMS (India) accessible data as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle HRMS (India) accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.5 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N).

WP Import Export Lite < 3.9.34 - Authenticated RCE via Export Template Path Traversal

The WP Import Export Lite WordPress plugin before 3.9.34 does not validate a user-supplied output path when writing export files, allowing users granted its export permission to write files with arbitrary names to arbitrary locations on the server, leading to remote code execution.

WP Import Export Lite < 3.9.33 - Authenticated RCE via Export Field PHP Function

The WP Import Export Lite WordPress plugin before 3.9.33 does not restrict which PHP function may be applied to exported field values, allowing users granted its export permission to have arbitrary functions invoked on values they control, leading to remote code execution.

WP Import Export Lite < 3.9.33 - Authenticated Arbitrary File Upload via Remote Image Import

The WP Import Export Lite WordPress plugin before 3.9.33 does not validate the type, extension or content of files it retrieves from a user-supplied URL during import, allowing users granted its import permission to store arbitrary files, including executable ones, on the server and achieve remote code execution.

Ni WooCommerce Sales Report < 4.2.0 - Unauthenticated SQLi via 'sort' Parameter

The Ni WooCommerce Sales Report WordPress plugin before 4.2.0 does not sanitise and escape a parameter before using it in a SQL statement, allowing unauthenticated users to perform SQL injection attacks.

Tutor LMS 2.7.1 - < 4.0.8 - Read-Only API Key Privilege Escalation via REST Request Misclassification

The Tutor LMS WordPress plugin before 4.0.8 does not correctly determine whether an incoming request is addressed to its own REST API, and does not enforce the permission recorded against an API credential, allowing the holder of a read-only key to act as the administrator account that issued it.

Krb5: mit krb5 kadmind unauthenticated cpu dos via auth_gssapi client states cleanup

clean_client() in lib/rpc/svc_auth_gssapi.c in MIT Kerberos 5 (aka krb5) restarts its scan from the head of the client list after each removal, resulting in quadratic CPU cost. Remote attackers can cause a denial of service (CPU consumption in kadmind) by accumulating a large number of AUTH_GSSAPI client entries.

Krb5: mit krb5 kadmind unauthenticated memory exhaustion via failed auth_gssapi_init requests

The AUTH_GSSAPI handler in lib/rpc/svc_auth_gssapi.c in MIT Kerberos 5 (aka krb5) 1.5.2 and later allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory exhaustion in kadmind) by sending repeated failed AUTH_GSSAPI_INIT requests. Each failed request allocates client state that is only freed after a 15-minute expiration timeout, allowing an attacker to accumulate memory faster than it is reclaimed.

Krb5: mit krb5 kadmind unauthenticated memory leak dos via auth_gssapi_init error paths

The AUTH_GSSAPI handler in lib/rpc/svc_auth_gssapi.c in MIT Kerberos 5 (aka krb5) does not free decoded arguments on certain error paths, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory exhaustion in kadmind) via crafted AUTH_GSSAPI_INIT requests that trigger authentication failures.

Krb5: mit krb5 kadmind unauthenticated memory leak dos via gss-rpc auth flavor switching

The GSS-RPC transport layer in MIT Kerberos 5 (aka krb5) 1.4 and later does not release the previous authentication context when a client switches from an RPCSEC_GSS or AUTH_GSSAPI flavor to a non-GSS flavor on the same TCP connection. This allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory exhaustion in kadmind) by repeatedly establishing and abandoning GSS authentication contexts.

Gdb: gdb: out-of-bounds write in stabs parser read_member_functions() via crafted elf

A flaw was found in GDB's STABS debug format parser. The read_member_functions() function in gdb/stabsread.c contains a linked list removal bug in the code that separates destructor and non-destructor member functions of C++ classes. The bug causes the destructor entries to remain in the main function list while the list length counter is decremented, resulting in an out-of-bounds write when the function list is copied to its final allocated array. An attacker can craft an ELF binary with malicious .stab and .stabstr sections that triggers this out-of-bounds write when a user opens the file in GDB and performs any symbol-inspection operation such as setting a breakpoint. The inferior process does not need to be executed. Under controlled conditions, this was demonstrated to achieve execution of arbitrary commands within the GDB process.

In slice_header of hevc_decoder, there is a possible Non-Heap Buffer Overflow due to a buffer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with execution privileges needed. User interaction is for exploitation.

Premiere Pro | Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)

Premiere Pro is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Media Encoder | Incorrect Authorization (CWE-863)

Media Encoder is affected by an Incorrect Authorization vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploit depends on conditions beyond the attacker's control. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file. Scope is changed.

Privilege Escalation via Incorrect Permissions in TrueConf Server Linux

An attacker who gains the ability to execute arbitrary code on a system with TrueConf Server (Linux) versions from 4.7.2 up to, but not including, 5.5.6 installed, running as the user trueconf (by exploiting some other vulnerability), can elevate their privileges to root.

AsiaInfo BSS Platform 9.2 before 9.2.38 has a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the menu icon upload function. An authenticated user with ordinary application privileges can upload an SVG file containing embedded JavaScript, which is served from the application origin. Normal menu rendering uses an HTML <img> element and does not execute the SVG script; exploitation requires a victim to load the uploaded SVG as a document (by directly navigating to its URL, or via <object>/<iframe>), in which case the script executes under the application origin.

Active Support: Possible DoS vulnerability in Active Support safe_constantize

Active Support is a collection of utility classes and standard library extensions used by Rails and other Ruby projects. Prior to 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2, when constant lookup raises LoadError, ActiveSupport::Inflector#safe_constantize (and String#safe_constantize) builds a regular expression from the requested constant name without escaping it, so a caller that passes untrusted input lets the attacker choose the source of a pattern that the application compiles. Crafted patterns can trigger defects in Ruby's regular expression compiler, possibly leading to a crash of the server process, and repeated requests could keep the application unavailable. Action Cable passes the channel value of each subscribe command to safe_constantize before any channel lookup, so an unauthenticated client can reach this code when the application mounts Action Cable and accepts connections from untrusted clients without an added authentication check. This issue is fixed in versions 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2.

Action Pack: Possible Strong Parameters bypass in Parameters#each_key

Action Pack is a framework for handling and responding to web requests. Prior to 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2, ActionController::Parameters#each_key delegates to the internal ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess that holds the request parameters, so when called with a block it returns that hash instead of the Parameters instance. The hash does not respond to permitted?, so Active Model mass assignment (new, assign_attributes, update) accepts it without raising ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesError. An application that passes the return value of each_key to mass assignment could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to set attributes that the application does not permit, such as an authorization flag. This is an incomplete fix of CVE-2020-8164, which made each, each_pair and each_value return the Parameters instance but left each_key delegated. An application is affected if it passes the return value of ActionController::Parameters#each_key, called with a block, to mass assignment. Rails itself makes no such call. This issue is fixed in versions 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2.

Action Pack: Possible IP spoofing in Action Dispatch RemoteIp

Action Pack is a framework for handling and responding to web requests. From 8.1 until 8.1.4.1, Since Rails 8.1.0, ActionDispatch::RemoteIp derives request.remote_ip from Rack::Request#forwarded_for, which under Rack 3 reads the RFC 7239 Forwarded header in preference to X-Forwarded-For. When a reverse proxy appends the client address to X-Forwarded-For but passes a client-supplied Forwarded header through unchanged, request.remote_ip returns an address chosen by the client, and the IP spoofing check does not raise, because it compares only Client-Ip with the forwarded addresses. An unauthenticated attacker could therefore spoof request.remote_ip, possibly bypassing IP-based access controls and rate limits keyed on the client address (including the default by: of rate_limit), and falsifying the client address in logs. An application is affected if it meets all of these requirements: Runs Rails 8.1.0 through 8.1.4 with Rack 3. Under Rack 2.2, forwarded_for reads only X-Forwarded-For. Is served behind a proxy that does not remove or overwrite a client-supplied Forwarded header. Relies on request.remote_ip for access control, rate limiting, or auditing. The fix detects a spoofed Forwarded header only when the proxy also sets X-Forwarded-For. An application whose proxy passes a client-supplied Forwarded header through and sets no X-Forwarded-For remains exposed after upgrading, and should configure the proxy to remove or overwrite Forwarded, or apply the workaround below. This issue is fixed in version 8.1.4.1.