CVE-2026-45839

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The\nsubsequent bounds checks (access_idx >= btf_vlen(t)) only guard the\nupper bound and always pass for negative values because C integer\npromotion converts the __u16 btf_vlen result to int, making the\ncomparison (int)(-1) >= (int)(N) false for any positive N.\n\nWhen -1 reaches btf_member_bit_offset() it gets cast to u32 0xffffffff,\nproducing an out-of-bounds read far past the members array. A crafted\nBPF program with a negative CO-RE accessor on any struct that exists in\nvmlinux BTF (e.g. task_struct) crashes the kernel deterministically\nduring BPF_PROG_LOAD on any system with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF=y\n(default on major distributions). The bug is reachable with CAP_BPF:\n\n BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffed11818b6626\n #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\n #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page\n Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI\n CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 85 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc6 #18 PREEMPT(full)\n RIP: 0010:bpf_core_parse_spec (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:354)\n RAX: 00000000ffffffff\n Call Trace:\n <TASK>\n bpf_core_calc_relo_insn (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:1321)\n bpf_core_apply (kernel/bpf/btf.c:9507)\n check_core_relo (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:19475)\n bpf_check (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:26031)\n bpf_prog_load (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3089)\n __sys_bpf (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:6228)\n </TASK>\n\nCO-RE accessor indices are inherently non-negative (struct member index,\narray element index, or enumerator index), so reject them immediately\nafter parsing."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": 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{}

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The\nsubsequent bounds checks (access_idx >= btf_vlen(t)) only guard the\nupper bound and always pass for negative values because C integer\npromotion converts the __u16 btf_vlen result to int, making the\ncomparison (int)(-1) >= (int)(N) false for any positive N.\n\nWhen -1 reaches btf_member_bit_offset() it gets cast to u32 0xffffffff,\nproducing an out-of-bounds read far past the members array. A crafted\nBPF program with a negative CO-RE accessor on any struct that exists in\nvmlinux BTF (e.g. task_struct) crashes the kernel deterministically\nduring BPF_PROG_LOAD on any system with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF=y\n(default on major distributions). The bug is reachable with CAP_BPF:\n\n BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffed11818b6626\n #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\n #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page\n Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI\n CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 85 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc6 #18 PREEMPT(full)\n RIP: 0010:bpf_core_parse_spec (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:354)\n RAX: 00000000ffffffff\n Call Trace:\n <TASK>\n bpf_core_calc_relo_insn (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:1321)\n bpf_core_apply (kernel/bpf/btf.c:9507)\n check_core_relo (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:19475)\n bpf_check (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:26031)\n bpf_prog_load (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3089)\n __sys_bpf (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:6228)\n </TASK>\n\nCO-RE accessor indices are inherently non-negative (struct member index,\narray element index, or enumerator index), so reject them immediately\nafter parsing."}], "id": "CVE-2026-45839", "lastModified": "2026-10-15T02:19:36.550", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2026-05-27T11:16:23.247", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c22483a2c4bbf747787f328392ca3e68619c4dc"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/36a9012f76ba8d9189ae56a1f8bb7c87c07a1f3a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ff85ae79e1a74baeb916b78a63d821f6d19a994"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/669349b4612c26b3d7aacfa99d7174681bd19223"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76f2ebaf79a9ae6d0737b87f045fe769e425d78f"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/99dbab7b5a12d8f58d5b0aa2f7a1fe656a70f4b2"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a9e777f856cd2f1efc106afc7bf21aef868509d5"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8e49b79c4b48bd687706ff6e9c82638dc81ef80"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-129"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: bpf: reject negative CO-RE accessor indices in bpf_core_parse_spec()", "id": "2481865", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2481865"}, "csaw": false, "cwe": "CWE-125", "details": ["A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's BPF (Berkeley Packet Filter) CO-RE (Compile Once - Run Everywhere) accessor parsing. A local attacker with CAP_BPF capabilities could craft a malicious BPF program that uses negative CO-RE accessor indices. This input validation vulnerability allows for an out-of-bounds read, leading to a kernel crash and a denial of service."], "name": "CVE-2026-45839", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45839\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45839\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026052712-CVE-2026-45839-44c7@gregkh/T"]}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45,3ff85ae79e1a74baeb916b78a63d821f6d19a994)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45,36a9012f76ba8d9189ae56a1f8bb7c87c07a1f3a)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45,76f2ebaf79a9ae6d0737b87f045fe769e425d78f)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45,99dbab7b5a12d8f58d5b0aa2f7a1fe656a70f4b2)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[ddc7c3042614e273044f698d2beab25cc3842d45,1c22483a2c4bbf747787f328392ca3e68619c4dc)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "5.4"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[0,5.4)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.6.141,6.7.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.12.91,6.13.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.18.33,6.19.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.0.10,7.1.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[7.1-rc1,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "created": "2026-05-27T11:45:15.405034+00:00", "updated": "2026-08-13T23:45:16.805871+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}