CVE-2026-98378

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-98378", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.345Z", "datePublished": "2026-10-09T07:34:18.626Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-24T14:08:37.091Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-24T14:08:37.091Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Skip unsettled links in link iterator\n\nbpf_link_prime() inserts a link into link_idr before anon_inode_getfile()\nsucceeds and before bpf_link_settle() publishes the ID in link->id.\nbpf_link_by_id() treats such an ID-zero link as unsettled, but the link\niterator takes a reference without this check.\n\nIf anon_inode_getfile() then fails, the creator removes the ID and frees\nits still-private link directly. The iterator is left with a dangling\nreference and its next bpf_link_put() accesses freed memory.\n\nTreat ID-zero entries as transient in bpf_link_get_curr_or_next(), just as\nbpf_link_by_id() does.\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in bpf_link_put\n Write of size 8 by task exp/384\n Call Trace:\n bpf_link_put kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3372\n bpf_link_seq_next kernel/bpf/link_iter.c:33\n bpf_seq_read kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c:158\n vfs_read fs/read_write.c:572\n ksys_read fs/read_write.c:716\n do_syscall_64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:84\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121\n Kernel panic - not syncing: KASAN: panic_on_warn set ..."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - Both required paths are local: bpf(BPF_LINK_CREATE/BPF_ITER_CREATE) prepares the bpf_link iterator, and read() reaches bpf_seq_read() -> bpf_link_seq_next() -> the patched bpf_link_get_curr_or_next(); no network data enters this state.\nAC:L - The attacker can fill fs.file-max so anon_inode_getfile() returns -ENFILE, then run the iterator reader and repeated BPF_LINK_CREATE calls concurrently, controlling both sides of the IDR insert/remove race.\nPR:L - BPF_PROG_LOAD for BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING/BPF_TRACE_ITER requires CAP_BPF and CAP_PERFMON, but bpf_token_capable() accepts them in a delegated bpffs token's user namespace; this permits a namespace-root local user, while a bare user namespace does not.\nUI:N - After preparing the iterator and program FDs, the attacking process itself issues read() and concurrent BPF_LINK_CREATE calls; no victim action is required.\nS:U - bpf_link_get_curr_or_next() leaves a dangling object inside the same host kernel that services the BPF syscalls; it crosses no guest/host, IOMMU, or separate security authority boundary.\nC:H - The iterator retains a freed struct bpf_link pointer; reclaiming that slab object makes later bpf_link_put()/bpf_link_free() consume attacker-influenced refcnt, ops, and prog fields, supporting kernel-memory disclosure.\nI:H - bpf_link_put() performs atomic64_dec_and_test() on the freed object's first eight bytes and can initialize and queue its reclaimed work_struct, so controlled reuse supports arbitrary corruption or control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The demonstrated read() path reaches bpf_link_seq_next() and bpf_link_put() after the link is freed, producing a KASAN use-after-free and kernel panic; the same stale write can crash a non-KASAN kernel."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["kernel/bpf/syscall.c"], "versions": [{"version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "lessThan": "68930f8d40ab4c10ca3b019f076136758fd100a8", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "lessThan": "c251ed48bd9063cf7de6049421e78b6de989060f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "lessThan": "798a61edbc436cacdb659927d067368eeb1e30e2", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "lessThan": "6e271f093d15d323f42de26f66556af53fa8e19f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "lessThan": "87ce4b53b7436b50fc984f0a6afaf77f68ac5573", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "lessThan": "50e80e2bb5e2be8515205b9c496b9640ddefa434", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["kernel/bpf/syscall.c"], "versions": [{"version": "5.19", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "5.19", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.189", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.158", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.112", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.18.55", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.2.9", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.189"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.158"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.112"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.55"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.9"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "7.3"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68930f8d40ab4c10ca3b019f076136758fd100a8"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c251ed48bd9063cf7de6049421e78b6de989060f"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/798a61edbc436cacdb659927d067368eeb1e30e2"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e271f093d15d323f42de26f66556af53fa8e19f"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/87ce4b53b7436b50fc984f0a6afaf77f68ac5573"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/50e80e2bb5e2be8515205b9c496b9640ddefa434"}], "title": "bpf: Skip unsettled links in link iterator", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "Linux", "programFiles": ["kernel/bpf/syscall.c"], "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "versions": [{"lessThan": "68930f8d40ab4c10ca3b019f076136758fd100a8", "status": "affected", "version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "c251ed48bd9063cf7de6049421e78b6de989060f", "status": "affected", "version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "798a61edbc436cacdb659927d067368eeb1e30e2", "status": "affected", "version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "6e271f093d15d323f42de26f66556af53fa8e19f", "status": "affected", "version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "87ce4b53b7436b50fc984f0a6afaf77f68ac5573", "status": "affected", "version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "50e80e2bb5e2be8515205b9c496b9640ddefa434", "status": "affected", "version": "9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"defaultStatus": "affected", "product": "Linux", "programFiles": ["kernel/bpf/syscall.c"], "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "5.19"}, {"lessThan": "5.19", "status": "unaffected", "version": "0", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.1.189", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.6.158", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.12.112", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.18.55", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "7.2.9", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "7.3", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Skip unsettled links in link iterator\n\nbpf_link_prime() inserts a link into link_idr before anon_inode_getfile()\nsucceeds and before bpf_link_settle() publishes the ID in link->id.\nbpf_link_by_id() treats such an ID-zero link as unsettled, but the link\niterator takes a reference without this check.\n\nIf anon_inode_getfile() then fails, the creator removes the ID and frees\nits still-private link directly. The iterator is left with a dangling\nreference and its next bpf_link_put() accesses freed memory.\n\nTreat ID-zero entries as transient in bpf_link_get_curr_or_next(), just as\nbpf_link_by_id() does.\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in bpf_link_put\n Write of size 8 by task exp/384\n Call Trace:\n bpf_link_put kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3372\n bpf_link_seq_next kernel/bpf/link_iter.c:33\n bpf_seq_read kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c:158\n vfs_read fs/read_write.c:572\n ksys_read fs/read_write.c:716\n do_syscall_64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:84\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121\n Kernel panic - not syncing: KASAN: panic_on_warn set ..."}], "id": "CVE-2026-98378", "lastModified": "2026-10-24T14:16:39.873", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-10-09T08:16:56.123", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/50e80e2bb5e2be8515205b9c496b9640ddefa434"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68930f8d40ab4c10ca3b019f076136758fd100a8"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e271f093d15d323f42de26f66556af53fa8e19f"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/798a61edbc436cacdb659927d067368eeb1e30e2"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/87ce4b53b7436b50fc984f0a6afaf77f68ac5573"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c251ed48bd9063cf7de6049421e78b6de989060f"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Received"}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: bpf: Skip unsettled links in link iterator", "id": "2548398", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2548398"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-825", "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nbpf: Skip unsettled links in link iterator\nbpf_link_prime() inserts a link into link_idr before anon_inode_getfile()\nsucceeds and before bpf_link_settle() publishes the ID in link->id.\nbpf_link_by_id() treats such an ID-zero link as unsettled, but the link\niterator takes a reference without this check.\nIf anon_inode_getfile() then fails, the creator removes the ID and frees\nits still-private link directly. The iterator is left with a dangling\nreference and its next bpf_link_put() accesses freed memory.\nTreat ID-zero entries as transient in bpf_link_get_curr_or_next(), just as\nbpf_link_by_id() does.\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in bpf_link_put\nWrite of size 8 by task exp/384\nCall Trace:\nbpf_link_put kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3372\nbpf_link_seq_next kernel/bpf/link_iter.c:33\nbpf_seq_read kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c:158\nvfs_read fs/read_write.c:572\nksys_read fs/read_write.c:716\ndo_syscall_64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:84\nentry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121\nKernel panic - not syncing: KASAN: panic_on_warn set ...", "A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF) subsystem. A local attacker can trigger a use-after-free flaw by iterating over BPF links while a concurrent link creation operation fails. This issue occurs because the iterator references links before their initialization is complete, leading to freed memory being accessed if the creation aborts. A local user could exploit this flaw to cause a system crash, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS), or potentially execute arbitrary code."], "name": "CVE-2026-98378", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}], "public_date": "2026-10-09T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98378\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98378\nhttps://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git/plain/cve/published/2026/CVE-2026-98378.mbox"], "threat_severity": "Important"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8,68930f8d40ab4c10ca3b019f076136758fd100a8)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8,c251ed48bd9063cf7de6049421e78b6de989060f)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8,798a61edbc436cacdb659927d067368eeb1e30e2)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8,6e271f093d15d323f42de26f66556af53fa8e19f)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8,87ce4b53b7436b50fc984f0a6afaf77f68ac5573)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[9f88361273082825d9f0d13a543d49f9fa0d44a8,50e80e2bb5e2be8515205b9c496b9640ddefa434)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "5.19"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[0,5.19)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.1.189,6.2.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.6.158,6.7.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.12.112,6.13.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.18.55,6.19.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.2.9,7.3.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[7.3-rc5,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "created": "2026-10-09T10:00:05.375391+00:00", "updated": "2026-10-24T19:00:18.867377+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}