CVE-2026-98226

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-98226", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.328Z", "datePublished": "2026-10-06T08:45:01.370Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:15:58.031Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:15:58.031Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmm, swap: fix SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT collision with real usage count\n\nSWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT is embedded in the si->inuse_pages usage counter,\nand is meant to sit above any value that counter can reach. However, it\nis defined from BITS_PER_TYPE(atomic_t), so it is bit 30. On a system\nwith 4 KiB pages the flag collides with the usage count once that count\nreaches 4 TiB.\n\nswap_usage_in_pages() masks bit 30 out, so whenever the real count has\nthat bit set, every caller of it reads 4 TiB low:\n\n* /proc/swaps understates Used by 4 TiB.\n\n* A raw count of exactly 2^30 masks to zero, so try_to_unuse() takes its\n \"if (!swap_usage_in_pages(si)) goto success;\" early exit and swapoff\n tears the device down while pages are still swapped out. Nothing in\n the rest of swapoff aborts the teardown, so those pages are lost.\n\nIndependently of swapoff, the collision also corrupts the counter and the\nplist. On a device in normal use, a free that leaves bit 30 set in the\ncount makes swap_usage_sub() see the flag where there is only count, and\ncall add_to_avail_list(). It clears the bit with\nfetch_and(~SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT), leaving the stored count 4 TiB below\nthe real one, and calls plist_add() on a device that is already listed,\ntripping the WARN_ON(!plist_node_empty(node)) in plist_add() and linking\nthe node a second time.\n\nChange the definition of SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT to be based on\natomic_long_t instead. Note that the usage counter field itself is of\nthis same type, so it is still a valid bit."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["mm/swapfile.c"], "versions": [{"version": "b228386cf237e659cdf5d8037a19db0b0a06f6b5", "lessThan": "0a41a46859df0d2bd7ed127197aac7c7389c00ed", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "b228386cf237e659cdf5d8037a19db0b0a06f6b5", "lessThan": "7c0d0d6de46076b43a2acaf1026b6648f8434c39", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "b228386cf237e659cdf5d8037a19db0b0a06f6b5", "lessThan": "12e9ac7bc5b254048f886bf421e3a15491106c1f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["mm/swapfile.c"], "versions": [{"version": "6.14", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "6.14", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.18.54", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.2.8", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.14", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.54"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.14", "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.8"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.14", "versionEndExcluding": "7.3"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a41a46859df0d2bd7ed127197aac7c7389c00ed"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7c0d0d6de46076b43a2acaf1026b6648f8434c39"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12e9ac7bc5b254048f886bf421e3a15491106c1f"}], "title": "mm, swap: fix SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT collision with real usage count", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "Linux", "programFiles": ["mm/swapfile.c"], "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "versions": [{"lessThan": "0a41a46859df0d2bd7ed127197aac7c7389c00ed", "status": "affected", "version": "b228386cf237e659cdf5d8037a19db0b0a06f6b5", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "7c0d0d6de46076b43a2acaf1026b6648f8434c39", "status": "affected", "version": "b228386cf237e659cdf5d8037a19db0b0a06f6b5", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "12e9ac7bc5b254048f886bf421e3a15491106c1f", "status": "affected", "version": "b228386cf237e659cdf5d8037a19db0b0a06f6b5", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"defaultStatus": "affected", "product": "Linux", "programFiles": ["mm/swapfile.c"], "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "6.14"}, {"lessThan": "6.14", "status": "unaffected", "version": "0", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.18.54", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "7.2.8", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "7.3", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmm, swap: fix SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT collision with real usage count\n\nSWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT is embedded in the si->inuse_pages usage counter,\nand is meant to sit above any value that counter can reach. However, it\nis defined from BITS_PER_TYPE(atomic_t), so it is bit 30. On a system\nwith 4 KiB pages the flag collides with the usage count once that count\nreaches 4 TiB.\n\nswap_usage_in_pages() masks bit 30 out, so whenever the real count has\nthat bit set, every caller of it reads 4 TiB low:\n\n* /proc/swaps understates Used by 4 TiB.\n\n* A raw count of exactly 2^30 masks to zero, so try_to_unuse() takes its\n \"if (!swap_usage_in_pages(si)) goto success;\" early exit and swapoff\n tears the device down while pages are still swapped out. Nothing in\n the rest of swapoff aborts the teardown, so those pages are lost.\n\nIndependently of swapoff, the collision also corrupts the counter and the\nplist. On a device in normal use, a free that leaves bit 30 set in the\ncount makes swap_usage_sub() see the flag where there is only count, and\ncall add_to_avail_list(). It clears the bit with\nfetch_and(~SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT), leaving the stored count 4 TiB below\nthe real one, and calls plist_add() on a device that is already listed,\ntripping the WARN_ON(!plist_node_empty(node)) in plist_add() and linking\nthe node a second time.\n\nChange the definition of SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT to be based on\natomic_long_t instead. Note that the usage counter field itself is of\nthis same type, so it is still a valid bit."}], "id": "CVE-2026-98226", "lastModified": "2026-10-19T10:18:23.330", "metrics": {}, "published": "2026-10-06T09:18:09.820", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a41a46859df0d2bd7ed127197aac7c7389c00ed"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12e9ac7bc5b254048f886bf421e3a15491106c1f"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7c0d0d6de46076b43a2acaf1026b6648f8434c39"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Received"}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: mm, swap: fix SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT collision with real usage count", "id": "2546438", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2546438"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-190", "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nmm, swap: fix SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT collision with real usage count\nSWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT is embedded in the si->inuse_pages usage counter,\nand is meant to sit above any value that counter can reach. However, it\nis defined from BITS_PER_TYPE(atomic_t), so it is bit 30. On a system\nwith 4 KiB pages the flag collides with the usage count once that count\nreaches 4 TiB.\nswap_usage_in_pages() masks bit 30 out, so whenever the real count has\nthat bit set, every caller of it reads 4 TiB low:\n* /proc/swaps understates Used by 4 TiB.\n* A raw count of exactly 2^30 masks to zero, so try_to_unuse() takes its\n\"if (!swap_usage_in_pages(si)) goto success;\" early exit and swapoff\ntears the device down while pages are still swapped out. Nothing in\nthe rest of swapoff aborts the teardown, so those pages are lost.\nIndependently of swapoff, the collision also corrupts the counter and the\nplist. On a device in normal use, a free that leaves bit 30 set in the\ncount makes swap_usage_sub() see the flag where there is only count, and\ncall add_to_avail_list(). It clears the bit with\nfetch_and(~SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT), leaving the stored count 4 TiB below\nthe real one, and calls plist_add() on a device that is already listed,\ntripping the WARN_ON(!plist_node_empty(node)) in plist_add() and linking\nthe node a second time.\nChange the definition of SWAP_USAGE_OFFLIST_BIT to be based on\natomic_long_t instead. Note that the usage counter field itself is of\nthis same type, so it is still a valid bit.", "A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's swap subsystem. An internal tracking bit overlaps with the active page counter when swap utilization reaches very large capacities, causing the kernel to miscalculate active swap space. A local user capable of allocating enough memory to reach this threshold can trigger the collision, leading to premature swap deactivation and data loss. This inconsistency can also corrupt internal device tracking lists, resulting in system instability and a Denial of Service (DoS)."], "name": "CVE-2026-98226", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}], "public_date": "2026-10-06T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98226\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98226\nhttps://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git/plain/cve/published/2026/CVE-2026-98226.mbox"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[b228386cf237e659cdf5d8037a19db0b0a06f6b5,0a41a46859df0d2bd7ed127197aac7c7389c00ed)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[b228386cf237e659cdf5d8037a19db0b0a06f6b5,7c0d0d6de46076b43a2acaf1026b6648f8434c39)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[b228386cf237e659cdf5d8037a19db0b0a06f6b5,12e9ac7bc5b254048f886bf421e3a15491106c1f)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "6.14"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[0,6.14)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.18.54,6.19.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.2.8,7.3.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[7.3-rc4,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "created": "2026-10-06T15:15:14.649255+00:00", "updated": "2026-10-10T03:30:16.496869+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}