CVE-2026-98158

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-98158", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.321Z", "datePublished": "2026-09-25T10:36:27.608Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:14:52.068Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:14:52.068Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nppp_async: drop the errored frame instead of resetting its headroom\n\nppp_receive_nonmp_frame() prepends a two-byte direction tag before running\nthe pass/active BPF filters:\n\n\t*(__be16 *)skb_push(skb, 2) = htons(PPP_FILTER_INBOUND_TAG);\n\nNothing on the receive path guarantees those two bytes of headroom. The\nframe-error path in ppp_async's process_input_packet() resets a reused skb's\nheadroom to zero while claiming to restore it to a freshly allocated state -\nbut a fresh skb from dev_alloc_skb() carries NET_SKB_PAD:\n\n\terr:\n\t\tif (skb) {\n\t\t\t/* make skb appear as freshly allocated */\n\t\t\tskb_trim(skb, 0);\n\t\t\tskb_reserve(skb, - skb_headroom(skb));\n\t\t}\n\nap->rpkt still points at that skb, so the next frame is reassembled into it\nwith no headroom at all. A peer that sends a bad-FCS frame followed by one\nbeginning ff 03 then leaves a single byte of headroom by the time the filter\ntag is pushed, which lands one byte below skb->head:\n\n skbuff: skb_under_panic: len:49 put:2 head:ffff888003c10000\n data:ffff888003c0ffff tail:0x30 end:0x640 dev:<NULL>\n kernel BUG at net/core/skbuff.c:214!\n RIP: 0010:skb_panic+0x13e/0x230\n Call Trace:\n skb_push+0xbd/0x100\n ppp_receive_nonmp_frame+0x48a/0x1d10\n ppp_input+0x4e9/0x2f80\n ppp_async_process+0x2a/0xe0\n tasklet_action_common+0x20f/0x8a0\n handle_softirqs+0x18e/0x590\n Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt\n\nZeroing the headroom violates the NET_SKB_PAD guarantee that dev_alloc_skb()\ngives the rest of the receive path. Besides the filter panic above, when CCP\ncompression is enabled ppp_decompress_frame() hands skb->data - 2 to\n->decompress()/->incomp(), which then reads out of bounds before skb->head\nfor the same reason.\n\nRather than restore the headroom, drop the errored frame - as ppp_synctty\nalready does on its error path - and clear ap->rpkt so the next frame is\nreassembled into a fresh skb with proper headroom. This is simpler and fixes\nboth the filter under-panic and the CCP out-of-bounds read.\n\nThe original V1 of this patch made room in ppp_receive_nonmp_frame() with\nskb_cow_head(); Eric pointed out that fixing the root cause in the transport\nis the right approach.\n\nFound by fuzzing the PPP receive path with a mutating peer on a pty; it is an\ninteresting (remote) DoS: root configures PPP, the peer supplies two crashing\nframes. The reproducer (repro-ppp-skb.c, unchanged from v1) panics in about a\nsecond, and returns cleanly with this applied."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/net/ppp/ppp_async.c"], "versions": [{"version": "6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a", "lessThan": "25f354c55b8435d1f51b8a0a05a3cfe429358523", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a", "lessThan": "a86a17745c3e1c6fadd4d6e90c03552dfe531c8c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a", "lessThan": "ff035780adb0f49dc2c7ada26b4697849a68bec8", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a", "lessThan": "c4bb894362d224b699e2f95c6c26707d9654e4a3", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a", "lessThan": "d0fc3dabfe67caf084e7119ceb2ee23f5ad2f2da", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a", "lessThan": "0c53eb14975f029abd6b26896a460f0d2aaefe6b", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a", "lessThan": "717137221c7d90e7c98bda9a370c9da6cbf015e5", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a", "lessThan": "8dc5d98a16fa23c00999aecf10018c9f69fa5bf4", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/net/ppp/ppp_async.c"], "versions": [{"version": "2.6.15", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "2.6.15", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "5.10.271", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "5.15.222", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.189", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.158", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.111", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.18.53", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.2.7", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.271"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.222"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.189"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.158"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.111"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.53"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.7"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "7.3"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25f354c55b8435d1f51b8a0a05a3cfe429358523"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a86a17745c3e1c6fadd4d6e90c03552dfe531c8c"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff035780adb0f49dc2c7ada26b4697849a68bec8"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c4bb894362d224b699e2f95c6c26707d9654e4a3"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d0fc3dabfe67caf084e7119ceb2ee23f5ad2f2da"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0c53eb14975f029abd6b26896a460f0d2aaefe6b"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/717137221c7d90e7c98bda9a370c9da6cbf015e5"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8dc5d98a16fa23c00999aecf10018c9f69fa5bf4"}], "title": "ppp_async: drop the errored frame instead of resetting its headroom", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

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The\nframe-error path in ppp_async's process_input_packet() resets a reused skb's\nheadroom to zero while claiming to restore it to a freshly allocated state -\nbut a fresh skb from dev_alloc_skb() carries NET_SKB_PAD:\n\n\terr:\n\t\tif (skb) {\n\t\t\t/* make skb appear as freshly allocated */\n\t\t\tskb_trim(skb, 0);\n\t\t\tskb_reserve(skb, - skb_headroom(skb));\n\t\t}\n\nap->rpkt still points at that skb, so the next frame is reassembled into it\nwith no headroom at all. A peer that sends a bad-FCS frame followed by one\nbeginning ff 03 then leaves a single byte of headroom by the time the filter\ntag is pushed, which lands one byte below skb->head:\n\n skbuff: skb_under_panic: len:49 put:2 head:ffff888003c10000\n data:ffff888003c0ffff tail:0x30 end:0x640 dev:<NULL>\n kernel BUG at net/core/skbuff.c:214!\n RIP: 0010:skb_panic+0x13e/0x230\n Call Trace:\n skb_push+0xbd/0x100\n ppp_receive_nonmp_frame+0x48a/0x1d10\n ppp_input+0x4e9/0x2f80\n ppp_async_process+0x2a/0xe0\n tasklet_action_common+0x20f/0x8a0\n handle_softirqs+0x18e/0x590\n Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt\n\nZeroing the headroom violates the NET_SKB_PAD guarantee that dev_alloc_skb()\ngives the rest of the receive path. Besides the filter panic above, when CCP\ncompression is enabled ppp_decompress_frame() hands skb->data - 2 to\n->decompress()/->incomp(), which then reads out of bounds before skb->head\nfor the same reason.\n\nRather than restore the headroom, drop the errored frame - as ppp_synctty\nalready does on its error path - and clear ap->rpkt so the next frame is\nreassembled into a fresh skb with proper headroom. This is simpler and fixes\nboth the filter under-panic and the CCP out-of-bounds read.\n\nThe original V1 of this patch made room in ppp_receive_nonmp_frame() with\nskb_cow_head(); Eric pointed out that fixing the root cause in the transport\nis the right approach.\n\nFound by fuzzing the PPP receive path with a mutating peer on a pty; it is an\ninteresting (remote) DoS: root configures PPP, the peer supplies two crashing\nframes. The reproducer (repro-ppp-skb.c, unchanged from v1) panics in about a\nsecond, and returns cleanly with this applied."}], "id": "CVE-2026-98158", "lastModified": "2026-10-20T18:04:25.047", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2026-09-25T11:17:47.510", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0c53eb14975f029abd6b26896a460f0d2aaefe6b"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25f354c55b8435d1f51b8a0a05a3cfe429358523"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/717137221c7d90e7c98bda9a370c9da6cbf015e5"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8dc5d98a16fa23c00999aecf10018c9f69fa5bf4"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a86a17745c3e1c6fadd4d6e90c03552dfe531c8c"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c4bb894362d224b699e2f95c6c26707d9654e4a3"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d0fc3dabfe67caf084e7119ceb2ee23f5ad2f2da"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff035780adb0f49dc2c7ada26b4697849a68bec8"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-125"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: ppp_async: drop the errored frame instead of resetting its headroom", "id": "2541344", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2541344"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-124", "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nppp_async: drop the errored frame instead of resetting its headroom\nppp_receive_nonmp_frame() prepends a two-byte direction tag before running\nthe pass/active BPF filters:\n*(__be16 *)skb_push(skb, 2) = htons(PPP_FILTER_INBOUND_TAG);\nNothing on the receive path guarantees those two bytes of headroom. The\nframe-error path in ppp_async's process_input_packet() resets a reused skb's\nheadroom to zero while claiming to restore it to a freshly allocated state -\nbut a fresh skb from dev_alloc_skb() carries NET_SKB_PAD:\nerr:\nif (skb) {\n/* make skb appear as freshly allocated */\nskb_trim(skb, 0);\nskb_reserve(skb, - skb_headroom(skb));\n}\nap->rpkt still points at that skb, so the next frame is reassembled into it\nwith no headroom at all. A peer that sends a bad-FCS frame followed by one\nbeginning ff 03 then leaves a single byte of headroom by the time the filter\ntag is pushed, which lands one byte below skb->head:\nskbuff: skb_under_panic: len:49 put:2 head:ffff888003c10000\ndata:ffff888003c0ffff tail:0x30 end:0x640 dev:<NULL>\nkernel BUG at net/core/skbuff.c:214!\nRIP: 0010:skb_panic+0x13e/0x230\nCall Trace:\nskb_push+0xbd/0x100\nppp_receive_nonmp_frame+0x48a/0x1d10\nppp_input+0x4e9/0x2f80\nppp_async_process+0x2a/0xe0\ntasklet_action_common+0x20f/0x8a0\nhandle_softirqs+0x18e/0x590\nKernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt\nZeroing the headroom violates the NET_SKB_PAD guarantee that dev_alloc_skb()\ngives the rest of the receive path. Besides the filter panic above, when CCP\ncompression is enabled ppp_decompress_frame() hands skb->data - 2 to\n->decompress()/->incomp(), which then reads out of bounds before skb->head\nfor the same reason.\nRather than restore the headroom, drop the errored frame - as ppp_synctty\nalready does on its error path - and clear ap->rpkt so the next frame is\nreassembled into a fresh skb with proper headroom. This is simpler and fixes\nboth the filter under-panic and the CCP out-of-bounds read.\nThe original V1 of this patch made room in ppp_receive_nonmp_frame() with\nskb_cow_head(); Eric pointed out that fixing the root cause in the transport\nis the right approach.\nFound by fuzzing the PPP receive path with a mutating peer on a pty; it is an\ninteresting (remote) DoS: root configures PPP, the peer supplies two crashing\nframes. The reproducer (repro-ppp-skb.c, unchanged from v1) panics in about a\nsecond, and returns cleanly with this applied.", "A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's Point-to-Point Protocol asynchronous (ppp_async) driver. When handling corrupted network frames, the driver improperly reuses packet buffers without preserving the required memory headroom. A connected peer can exploit this flaw by sending a sequence of crafted network frames, triggering an out-of-bounds memory read and a system crash, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS)."], "name": "CVE-2026-98158", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}], "public_date": "2026-09-25T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98158\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98158\nhttps://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git/plain/cve/published/2026/CVE-2026-98158.mbox"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a,d0fc3dabfe67caf084e7119ceb2ee23f5ad2f2da)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a,0c53eb14975f029abd6b26896a460f0d2aaefe6b)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a,717137221c7d90e7c98bda9a370c9da6cbf015e5)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[6722e78c90054101e6797d5944cdc81af9897a0a,8dc5d98a16fa23c00999aecf10018c9f69fa5bf4)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "2.6.15"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[0,2.6.15)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.12.111,6.13.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.18.53,6.19.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.2.7,7.3.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.3-rc3,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "created": "2026-09-25T14:00:13.790284+00:00", "updated": "2026-10-23T00:15:13.786239+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}