CVE-2026-98116

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-98116", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.317Z", "datePublished": "2026-09-25T10:36:01.723Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:14:08.504Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:14:08.504Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nALSA: pcm: Serialize PCM mmap with buffer reallocation to fix page UAF\n\nsnd_pcm_hw_params() and snd_pcm_hw_free() guard buffer reallocation\nwith an mmap_count check performed under the PCM stream lock, but the\nlock is released long before the buffer is actually freed:\nsnd_pcm_sync_stop(), constraint refinement and do_free_pages() all\nhappen in between. snd_pcm_mmap_data(), on the other hand, takes no\nlock at all: it validates against the old buffer's state and\ndma_bytes, remaps its pages into the VMA, and only then increments\nmmap_count.\n\nA concurrent mmap() can therefore slip in between the check and the\nfree. remap_pfn_range() installs writable PTEs for the old buffer's\npages without taking page references, and the subsequent\ndo_free_pages() returns those pages to the page allocator while the\nVMA still maps them. This leaves a stale, writable mapping of freed\npages: a page-level use-after-free that can be leveraged for local\nprivilege escalation.\n\nMake snd_pcm_mmap_data() participate in the buffer-access scheme\nintroduced for hw_params/hw_free: acquire runtime->buffer_accessing\nbefore validating and remapping, and release it afterwards. Buffer\nreallocation already fails with -EBUSY while accessors are active,\nand the mmap side now fails with -EBUSY while a reallocation is in\nprogress, so the validate/remap sequence and the check/free sequence\ncan no longer interleave.\n\nA reproducer that turns this race into a stale writable mapping of\nthe freed DMA buffer pages is available on request."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The bug is triggered by mmap() on a local /dev/snd/pcmC*D* file descriptor (snd_pcm_mmap -> snd_pcm_mmap_data) racing with SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HW_PARAMS/HW_FREE ioctls on the same fd. No remote protocol carries any of the inputs.\nAC:L - One process controls both sides of the race: one thread calls mmap() and another calls hw_free/hw_params. The window runs from the mmap_count check under the stream lock through snd_pcm_sync_stop and refinement to do_free_pages, and the attacker can retry as often as needed.\nPR:L - Opening the PCM device node takes ordinary local user access, either the audio group or the udev uaccess ACL given to the logged-in seat user. No capability is checked on the mmap or hw_params/hw_free paths.\nUI:N - The attacker opens the device, sets hw_params and races the mmap against hw_free entirely through their own syscalls. No other user has to do anything.\nS:U - This is a local kernel privilege escalation within the same kernel security authority. It crosses no VM or IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - remap_pfn_range installs PTEs for the old DMA buffer pages without taking page references, and do_free_pages then frees them. The attacker keeps a direct mapping of whatever the page allocator reuses those pages for, such as page tables, cred or slab pages, and can read it.\nI:H - The stale mapping of the freed buffer pages is writable, which gives direct write access to reallocated kernel pages. This is a page-level UAF that enables privilege escalation, as the fix commit itself states.\nA:H - Writing through the stale PTEs into pages that have been reallocated corrupts arbitrary kernel memory, which leads to oopses, panics or page-state BUGs."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["sound/core/pcm_native.c"], "versions": [{"version": "33061d0fba51d2bf70a2ef9645f703c33fe8e438", "lessThan": "e6cdd2a0470d64073349a970dc1691433804b271", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "92ee3c60ec9fe64404dc035e7c41277d74aa26cb", "lessThan": "9857a75714bb5df4781e4d8b1a1753b1e17bf07a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "92ee3c60ec9fe64404dc035e7c41277d74aa26cb", "lessThan": "cbadf2575d25e7dcc0d4da2717817ae569fbc99b", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": 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"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9857a75714bb5df4781e4d8b1a1753b1e17bf07a"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cbadf2575d25e7dcc0d4da2717817ae569fbc99b"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cbc7ec97601d09b74e05e44470fa6b0bcdabf3f5"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd137bf8149bc6460f9b7b1fc292025da04cb9ee"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8c1882dfee8f404d118020664b73eb4592172226"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9b110a9dcecc59516c77cb3c0caf1f492f75df2d"}], "title": "ALSA: pcm: Serialize PCM mmap with buffer reallocation to fix page UAF", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

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pcm: Serialize PCM mmap with buffer reallocation to fix page UAF\n\nsnd_pcm_hw_params() and snd_pcm_hw_free() guard buffer reallocation\nwith an mmap_count check performed under the PCM stream lock, but the\nlock is released long before the buffer is actually freed:\nsnd_pcm_sync_stop(), constraint refinement and do_free_pages() all\nhappen in between. snd_pcm_mmap_data(), on the other hand, takes no\nlock at all: it validates against the old buffer's state and\ndma_bytes, remaps its pages into the VMA, and only then increments\nmmap_count.\n\nA concurrent mmap() can therefore slip in between the check and the\nfree. remap_pfn_range() installs writable PTEs for the old buffer's\npages without taking page references, and the subsequent\ndo_free_pages() returns those pages to the page allocator while the\nVMA still maps them. This leaves a stale, writable mapping of freed\npages: a page-level use-after-free that can be leveraged for local\nprivilege escalation.\n\nMake snd_pcm_mmap_data() participate in the buffer-access scheme\nintroduced for hw_params/hw_free: acquire runtime->buffer_accessing\nbefore validating and remapping, and release it afterwards. Buffer\nreallocation already fails with -EBUSY while accessors are active,\nand the mmap side now fails with -EBUSY while a reallocation is in\nprogress, so the validate/remap sequence and the check/free sequence\ncan no longer interleave.\n\nA reproducer that turns this race into a stale writable mapping of\nthe freed DMA buffer pages is available on request."}], "id": "CVE-2026-98116", "lastModified": "2026-10-28T16:10:22.600", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-09-25T11:17:42.780", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8c1882dfee8f404d118020664b73eb4592172226"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9857a75714bb5df4781e4d8b1a1753b1e17bf07a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9b110a9dcecc59516c77cb3c0caf1f492f75df2d"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cbadf2575d25e7dcc0d4da2717817ae569fbc99b"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cbc7ec97601d09b74e05e44470fa6b0bcdabf3f5"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e6cdd2a0470d64073349a970dc1691433804b271"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd137bf8149bc6460f9b7b1fc292025da04cb9ee"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: ALSA: pcm: Serialize PCM mmap with buffer reallocation to fix page UAF", "id": "2541360", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2541360"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-825", "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nALSA: pcm: Serialize PCM mmap with buffer reallocation to fix page UAF\nsnd_pcm_hw_params() and snd_pcm_hw_free() guard buffer reallocation\nwith an mmap_count check performed under the PCM stream lock, but the\nlock is released long before the buffer is actually freed:\nsnd_pcm_sync_stop(), constraint refinement and do_free_pages() all\nhappen in between. snd_pcm_mmap_data(), on the other hand, takes no\nlock at all: it validates against the old buffer's state and\ndma_bytes, remaps its pages into the VMA, and only then increments\nmmap_count.\nA concurrent mmap() can therefore slip in between the check and the\nfree. remap_pfn_range() installs writable PTEs for the old buffer's\npages without taking page references, and the subsequent\ndo_free_pages() returns those pages to the page allocator while the\nVMA still maps them. This leaves a stale, writable mapping of freed\npages: a page-level use-after-free that can be leveraged for local\nprivilege escalation.\nMake snd_pcm_mmap_data() participate in the buffer-access scheme\nintroduced for hw_params/hw_free: acquire runtime->buffer_accessing\nbefore validating and remapping, and release it afterwards. Buffer\nreallocation already fails with -EBUSY while accessors are active,\nand the mmap side now fails with -EBUSY while a reallocation is in\nprogress, so the validate/remap sequence and the check/free sequence\ncan no longer interleave.\nA reproducer that turns this race into a stale writable mapping of\nthe freed DMA buffer pages is available on request.", "A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's ALSA (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture) sound subsystem. A race condition between concurrent memory mapping operations and audio buffer reallocations allows memory pages to be released while still mapped as writable. A local user can exploit this vulnerability to trigger a use-after-free condition, potentially resulting in local privilege escalation or a denial of service."], "name": "CVE-2026-98116", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}], "public_date": "2026-09-25T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98116\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98116\nhttps://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git/plain/cve/published/2026/CVE-2026-98116.mbox"], "threat_severity": "Important"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[92ee3c60ec9fe64404dc035e7c41277d74aa26cb,cbc7ec97601d09b74e05e44470fa6b0bcdabf3f5)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[92ee3c60ec9fe64404dc035e7c41277d74aa26cb,fd137bf8149bc6460f9b7b1fc292025da04cb9ee)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[92ee3c60ec9fe64404dc035e7c41277d74aa26cb,8c1882dfee8f404d118020664b73eb4592172226)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[92ee3c60ec9fe64404dc035e7c41277d74aa26cb,9b110a9dcecc59516c77cb3c0caf1f492f75df2d)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "a42aa926843acca96c0dfbde2e835b8137f2f092"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "9cb6c40a6ebe4a0cfc9d6a181958211682cffea9"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "fbeb492694ce0441053de57699e1e2b7bc148a69"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "0f6947f5f5208f6ebd4d76a82a4757e2839a23f8"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "33061d0fba51d2bf70a2ef9645f703c33fe8e438"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "0090c13cbbdffd7da079ac56f80373a9a1be0bf8"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "1bbf82d9f961414d6c76a08f7f843ea068e0ab7b"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[4.14.279,4.15)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[4.19.243,4.20)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[5.4.193,5.5)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[5.10.109,5.11)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[5.15.32,5.16)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[5.16.18,5.17)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[5.17.1,5.18)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "5.18"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[0,5.18)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.12.111,6.13.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.18.53,6.19.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.2.7,7.3.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.3-rc2,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "created": "2026-09-25T11:45:19.828457+00:00", "updated": "2026-09-30T05:30:18.354481+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"], "weaknesses": ["CWE-416", "CWE-362", "CWE-825"]}