CVE-2026-80712

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-80712", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2026-08-26T14:34:25.788Z", "datePublished": "2026-08-28T06:53:11.243Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-29T06:22:28.248Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-29T06:22:28.248Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nspi: spi-qpic-snand: write the feature value before executing SET_FEATURE\n\nqcom_spi_send_cmdaddr() programs NAND_FLASH_CMD/NAND_EXEC_CMD and submits\nthe descriptors, which makes the controller execute the command\nimmediately. For SPINAND_SET_FEATURE the value to be written is only\nplaced into NAND_FLASH_FEATURES afterwards, by qcom_spi_io_op(), in a\nsecond submission - so the chip is programmed with whatever that register\nhappened to hold from a previous operation, and the intended value is only\napplied by the *next* SET_FEATURE.\n\nMeasured on a TP-Link Archer AX55 v1 (IPQ5018, ESMT F50L1G41LB): writing\n0x40 to the configuration register (0xb0) leaves the chip at 0x00, and the\nsubsequent write of 0x00 leaves it at 0x40 - every write lands one\noperation late.\n\nThis stayed unnoticed until v6.18 added SPI-NAND OTP support together\nwith OTP entries for ESMT chips. spinand_otp_rw() enables OTP mode,\nreads, and disables it again, and mtd_otp_nvmem_add() does this during\nMTD registration. With the off-by-one, the \"disable\" write actually\napplies the previously requested value, so CFG_OTP_ENABLE ends up set:\nthe chip stays in OTP mode, every subsequent array read returns the OTP\narea instead of the array (UBI reports an empty device) and all writes\nfail with -EIO because the OTP area is write protected. On this board\nthat makes the whole flash unusable and the device unbootable.\n\nWrite the feature value into NAND_FLASH_FEATURES as part of the same\ntransaction, before NAND_EXEC_CMD. While at it, copy only the bytes the\noperation actually carries - the previous code dereferenced a 4-byte\npointer on a one-byte buffer (spinand->scratchbuf).\n\nWith this patch the flash contents read back bit-identical to a\nknown-good dump of the same board taken under the vendor firmware\n(md5-verified across partitions), and writes work."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 8.4, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The flaw is in the onboard Qualcomm QPIC SPI-NAND driver reached via spi_mem/MTD during driver probe and flash operations; it is not reachable through network protocols, only local kernel flash/MTD paths on embedded SoCs (IPQ5018/IPQ9574 routers, APs, gateways).\nAC:L - Every SPINAND_SET_FEATURE is deterministically one operation late because NAND_EXEC_CMD fires before NAND_FLASH_FEATURES is programmed; the OTP disable-after-read sequence reliably leaves CFG_OTP_ENABLE set without races or attacker-uncontrollable timing.\nPR:N - No attacker privileges are required once an affected kernel runs: mtd_device_parse_register() calls mtd_otp_nvmem_add() during boot, which triggers spinand_otp_rw() and bricks flash on ESMT chips with OTP support without any userspace or admin action.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires no victim interaction; the vulnerable OTP read path runs automatically during MTD registration at driver probe/boot on affected Qualcomm platforms with ESMT SPI-NAND OTP tables added in v6.18.\nS:U - Impact is confined to the same kernel/flash security boundary on the embedded device; there is no cross-VM, cross-container, or IOMMU boundary bypass\u2014only persistent corruption of onboard SPI-NAND chip configuration and flash availability.\nC:H - When OTP mode sticks enabled, all subsequent array reads return OTP contents instead of normal flash data, disclosing factory OTP region data; the pre-fix 4-byte dereference on a 1-byte SET_FEATURE buffer also programs stale register bytes into the chip.\nI:H - Misprogrammed feature registers persistently corrupt SPI-NAND configuration; the demonstrated OTP-mode lock leaves the OTP area write-protected, all flash writes fail with -EIO, UBI sees an empty device, and the router becomes permanently unbootable until hardware reflash.\nA:H - Affected devices suffer complete loss of boot flash availability\u2014the commit documents whole-flash unusability and unbootable TP-Link Archer AX55 boards, constituting total persistent denial of service on consumer WiFi routers and Qualcomm embedded gateways."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/spi/spi-qpic-snand.c"], "versions": [{"version": "7304d1909080ef0c9da703500a97f46c98393fcd", "lessThan": "581e5166f0780103dc91c0d8ebc801f9af4824b0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "7304d1909080ef0c9da703500a97f46c98393fcd", "lessThan": "3ba021079ef2ac6e21e3547328496ac42d22b56a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "7304d1909080ef0c9da703500a97f46c98393fcd", "lessThan": "8fd62901d6bf03f274a49dd0060793cc07dd51b0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/spi/spi-qpic-snand.c"], "versions": [{"version": "6.15", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "6.15", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.18.44", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.1.8", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.2", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.44"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "7.1.8"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "7.2"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/581e5166f0780103dc91c0d8ebc801f9af4824b0"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ba021079ef2ac6e21e3547328496ac42d22b56a"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8fd62901d6bf03f274a49dd0060793cc07dd51b0"}], "title": "spi: spi-qpic-snand: write the feature value before executing SET_FEATURE", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "Linux", "programFiles": ["drivers/spi/spi-qpic-snand.c"], "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "versions": [{"lessThan": "581e5166f0780103dc91c0d8ebc801f9af4824b0", "status": "affected", "version": "7304d1909080ef0c9da703500a97f46c98393fcd", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "3ba021079ef2ac6e21e3547328496ac42d22b56a", "status": "affected", "version": "7304d1909080ef0c9da703500a97f46c98393fcd", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "8fd62901d6bf03f274a49dd0060793cc07dd51b0", "status": "affected", "version": "7304d1909080ef0c9da703500a97f46c98393fcd", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"defaultStatus": "affected", "product": "Linux", "programFiles": ["drivers/spi/spi-qpic-snand.c"], "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "6.15"}, {"lessThan": "6.15", "status": "unaffected", "version": "0", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.18.44", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "7.1.8", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "7.2", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nspi: spi-qpic-snand: write the feature value before executing SET_FEATURE\n\nqcom_spi_send_cmdaddr() programs NAND_FLASH_CMD/NAND_EXEC_CMD and submits\nthe descriptors, which makes the controller execute the command\nimmediately. For SPINAND_SET_FEATURE the value to be written is only\nplaced into NAND_FLASH_FEATURES afterwards, by qcom_spi_io_op(), in a\nsecond submission - so the chip is programmed with whatever that register\nhappened to hold from a previous operation, and the intended value is only\napplied by the *next* SET_FEATURE.\n\nMeasured on a TP-Link Archer AX55 v1 (IPQ5018, ESMT F50L1G41LB): writing\n0x40 to the configuration register (0xb0) leaves the chip at 0x00, and the\nsubsequent write of 0x00 leaves it at 0x40 - every write lands one\noperation late.\n\nThis stayed unnoticed until v6.18 added SPI-NAND OTP support together\nwith OTP entries for ESMT chips. spinand_otp_rw() enables OTP mode,\nreads, and disables it again, and mtd_otp_nvmem_add() does this during\nMTD registration. With the off-by-one, the \"disable\" write actually\napplies the previously requested value, so CFG_OTP_ENABLE ends up set:\nthe chip stays in OTP mode, every subsequent array read returns the OTP\narea instead of the array (UBI reports an empty device) and all writes\nfail with -EIO because the OTP area is write protected. On this board\nthat makes the whole flash unusable and the device unbootable.\n\nWrite the feature value into NAND_FLASH_FEATURES as part of the same\ntransaction, before NAND_EXEC_CMD. While at it, copy only the bytes the\noperation actually carries - the previous code dereferenced a 4-byte\npointer on a one-byte buffer (spinand->scratchbuf).\n\nWith this patch the flash contents read back bit-identical to a\nknown-good dump of the same board taken under the vendor firmware\n(md5-verified across partitions), and writes work."}], "id": "CVE-2026-80712", "lastModified": "2026-08-29T07:16:52.640", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.4, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.5, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-08-28T08:16:56.850", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ba021079ef2ac6e21e3547328496ac42d22b56a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/581e5166f0780103dc91c0d8ebc801f9af4824b0"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8fd62901d6bf03f274a49dd0060793cc07dd51b0"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Received"}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: spi: spi-qpic-snand: write the feature value before executing SET_FEATURE", "id": "2525393", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2525393"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-805", "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nspi: spi-qpic-snand: write the feature value before executing SET_FEATURE\nqcom_spi_send_cmdaddr() programs NAND_FLASH_CMD/NAND_EXEC_CMD and submits\nthe descriptors, which makes the controller execute the command\nimmediately. For SPINAND_SET_FEATURE the value to be written is only\nplaced into NAND_FLASH_FEATURES afterwards, by qcom_spi_io_op(), in a\nsecond submission - so the chip is programmed with whatever that register\nhappened to hold from a previous operation, and the intended value is only\napplied by the *next* SET_FEATURE.\nMeasured on a TP-Link Archer AX55 v1 (IPQ5018, ESMT F50L1G41LB): writing\n0x40 to the configuration register (0xb0) leaves the chip at 0x00, and the\nsubsequent write of 0x00 leaves it at 0x40 - every write lands one\noperation late.\nThis stayed unnoticed until v6.18 added SPI-NAND OTP support together\nwith OTP entries for ESMT chips. spinand_otp_rw() enables OTP mode,\nreads, and disables it again, and mtd_otp_nvmem_add() does this during\nMTD registration. With the off-by-one, the \"disable\" write actually\napplies the previously requested value, so CFG_OTP_ENABLE ends up set:\nthe chip stays in OTP mode, every subsequent array read returns the OTP\narea instead of the array (UBI reports an empty device) and all writes\nfail with -EIO because the OTP area is write protected. On this board\nthat makes the whole flash unusable and the device unbootable.\nWrite the feature value into NAND_FLASH_FEATURES as part of the same\ntransaction, before NAND_EXEC_CMD. While at it, copy only the bytes the\noperation actually carries - the previous code dereferenced a 4-byte\npointer on a one-byte buffer (spinand->scratchbuf).\nWith this patch the flash contents read back bit-identical to a\nknown-good dump of the same board taken under the vendor firmware\n(md5-verified across partitions), and writes work.", "A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's `spi-qpic-snand` driver. This vulnerability arises from an incorrect timing issue where the `SET_FEATURE` command for SPI-NAND flash devices is executed before the intended feature value is properly written. Consequently, the device is programmed with an outdated value, and the correct setting is only applied during a subsequent operation. This 'off-by-one' error can lead to critical system instability, specifically by causing the flash memory to remain in One-Time Programmable (OTP) mode if it was enabled. This renders the flash unusable, preventing data access and potentially making the device unbootable."], "name": "CVE-2026-80712", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2026-08-28T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-80712\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-80712\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026082808-CVE-2026-80712-e74e@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[7304d1909080ef0c9da703500a97f46c98393fcd,581e5166f0780103dc91c0d8ebc801f9af4824b0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[7304d1909080ef0c9da703500a97f46c98393fcd,3ba021079ef2ac6e21e3547328496ac42d22b56a)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[7304d1909080ef0c9da703500a97f46c98393fcd,8fd62901d6bf03f274a49dd0060793cc07dd51b0)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "6.15"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[0,6.15)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.18.44,6.19.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.1.8,7.2.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[7.2,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "created": "2026-08-28T11:30:06.782322+00:00", "updated": "2026-08-31T14:00:19.777526+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"], "weaknesses": ["CWE-805"]}