CVE-2026-72112

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-72112", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2026-08-09T03:40:39.906Z", "datePublished": "2026-08-15T05:52:53.275Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:40:26.740Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:40:26.740Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nio_uring/bpf-ops: reject re-registration of an already-bound ops\n\nio_install_bpf() only rejects a second registration on the ctx side\n(ctx->bpf_ops) and sets the per-map back-pointer ops->priv\nunconditionally. The struct_ops link path never advances a map past\nBPF_STRUCT_OPS_STATE_READY, so the same io_uring_bpf_ops map can be\nregistered more than once, and bpf_io_reg() re-resolves the target ring\nvia fget(ops->ring_fd) on every call. A caller can therefore point the\nsame ring_fd at a different io_ring_ctx between two BPF_LINK_CREATE\ncalls.\n\nThe second registration passes the ctx->bpf_ops check (the new ctx has\nnone) and overwrites ops->priv, orphaning the first ctx. Teardown\n(io_eject_bpf()/bpf_io_unreg()) only reaches a ctx through ops->priv, so\nthe orphaned ctx is never torn down: its ctx->loop_step keeps pointing\ninto the struct_ops trampoline, which is freed once the map is gone. A\nlater io_uring_enter() on the orphaned ring then calls the dangling\nctx->loop_step from io_run_loop() -- a use-after-free of freed\nexecutable memory, reachable by a task with CAP_BPF + CAP_PERFMON.\n\nReject registration when ops->priv is already set, as hid_bpf_reg()\ndoes for its struct_ops."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The bug is reached only through local bpf() syscalls (BPF_MAP_CREATE/UPDATE_ELEM, BPF_PROG_LOAD, BPF_LINK_CREATE) and io_uring_setup/io_uring_enter on an orphaned ring; per kernel guidance io_uring and BPF are Local attack vectors with no remote packet path.\nAC:L - Exploitation is fully deterministic and attacker-controlled: create two DEFER_TASKRUN rings, link the same struct_ops map twice after dup2 repointing ring_fd, free the map/link, then io_uring_enter on the orphaned ring; no race or conditions outside attacker control are required.\nPR:L - The commit requires CAP_BPF and CAP_PERFMON, but bpf_token_capable() can delegate these into non-init user namespaces via BPF tokens in containerized deployments, and io_uring is commonly available to local users; under uncertainty this is scored Low rather than High.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is needed; once the attacker has BPF and io_uring access they can perform every setup, teardown, and triggering step themselves without any other user opening files or taking action.\nS:U - Impact is confined to kernel memory and execution within the same kernel security authority (standard local privilege-escalation/memory-corruption class), not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or other cross-scope boundary.\nC:H - Orphaned ctx->loop_step retains a pointer into a freed BPF struct_ops trampoline page; executing or dereferencing that UAF can expose reclaimed slab contents and supports building arbitrary read primitives, so confidentiality impact is High per UAF guidance.\nI:H - The dangling loop_step calls freed executable trampoline memory from io_run_loop(); with heap grooming an attacker can reclaim those pages with controlled contents, enabling control-flow hijack and arbitrary kernel write, so integrity impact is High.\nA:H - Invoking the dangling ctx->loop_step after trampoline teardown causes use-after-free of executable kernel memory during io_uring_enter, which can reliably trigger kernel oops, BUG, or panic and is repeatable on demand."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["io_uring/bpf-ops.c"], "versions": [{"version": "98f37634b12b17ad5c56db8fb63cf9d7dc55d74c", "lessThan": "0639ea767fe04c288a8d6cb826100fe3d95d4936", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "98f37634b12b17ad5c56db8fb63cf9d7dc55d74c", "lessThan": "3afc64c61ce906a04f073ca350b46de10e8302f9", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["io_uring/bpf-ops.c"], "versions": [{"version": "7.1", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "7.1", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.1.5", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.2", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "7.1", "versionEndExcluding": "7.1.5"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "7.1", "versionEndExcluding": "7.2"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0639ea767fe04c288a8d6cb826100fe3d95d4936"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3afc64c61ce906a04f073ca350b46de10e8302f9"}], "title": "io_uring/bpf-ops: reject re-registration of an already-bound ops", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "Linux", "programFiles": ["io_uring/bpf-ops.c"], "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "versions": [{"lessThan": "0639ea767fe04c288a8d6cb826100fe3d95d4936", "status": "affected", "version": "98f37634b12b17ad5c56db8fb63cf9d7dc55d74c", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "3afc64c61ce906a04f073ca350b46de10e8302f9", "status": "affected", "version": "98f37634b12b17ad5c56db8fb63cf9d7dc55d74c", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"defaultStatus": "affected", "product": "Linux", "programFiles": ["io_uring/bpf-ops.c"], "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "7.1"}, {"lessThan": "7.1", "status": "unaffected", "version": "0", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "7.1.5", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "7.2", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nio_uring/bpf-ops: reject re-registration of an already-bound ops\n\nio_install_bpf() only rejects a second registration on the ctx side\n(ctx->bpf_ops) and sets the per-map back-pointer ops->priv\nunconditionally. The struct_ops link path never advances a map past\nBPF_STRUCT_OPS_STATE_READY, so the same io_uring_bpf_ops map can be\nregistered more than once, and bpf_io_reg() re-resolves the target ring\nvia fget(ops->ring_fd) on every call. A caller can therefore point the\nsame ring_fd at a different io_ring_ctx between two BPF_LINK_CREATE\ncalls.\n\nThe second registration passes the ctx->bpf_ops check (the new ctx has\nnone) and overwrites ops->priv, orphaning the first ctx. Teardown\n(io_eject_bpf()/bpf_io_unreg()) only reaches a ctx through ops->priv, so\nthe orphaned ctx is never torn down: its ctx->loop_step keeps pointing\ninto the struct_ops trampoline, which is freed once the map is gone. A\nlater io_uring_enter() on the orphaned ring then calls the dangling\nctx->loop_step from io_run_loop() -- a use-after-free of freed\nexecutable memory, reachable by a task with CAP_BPF + CAP_PERFMON.\n\nReject registration when ops->priv is already set, as hid_bpf_reg()\ndoes for its struct_ops."}], "id": "CVE-2026-72112", "lastModified": "2026-08-17T06:18:10.417", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-08-15T06:21:25.563", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0639ea767fe04c288a8d6cb826100fe3d95d4936"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3afc64c61ce906a04f073ca350b46de10e8302f9"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Received"}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: io_uring/bpf-ops: reject re-registration of an already-bound ops", "id": "2516699", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2516699"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-825", "details": ["A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's `io_uring/bpf-ops` component. This vulnerability allows a local attacker with specific capabilities (`CAP_BPF` and `CAP_PERFMON`) to re-register an already-bound operation, leading to a use-after-free of freed executable memory. This could result in arbitrary code execution."], "name": "CVE-2026-72112", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2026-08-15T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72112\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72112\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026081527-CVE-2026-72112-8021@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[98f37634b12b17ad5c56db8fb63cf9d7dc55d74c,0639ea767fe04c288a8d6cb826100fe3d95d4936)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[98f37634b12b17ad5c56db8fb63cf9d7dc55d74c,3afc64c61ce906a04f073ca350b46de10e8302f9)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "7.1"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[0,7.1)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.1.5,7.2.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[0,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "created": "2026-08-15T09:00:06.792983+00:00", "updated": "2026-08-18T04:45:04.402019+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}