CVE-2026-63954

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through local VFS syscalls (mkdir, create, unlink, rename) on a mounted HPFS filesystem; HPFS is a local block-device filesystem with no network-facing kernel server component.\nAC:L - An attacker can reliably force `hpfs_map_dnode_bitmap()` to fail by mounting a crafted image (e.g. with `check=none` and an invalid `dir_band_bitmap`) or by corrupting the loop/backing device after mount to induce read errors, then triggering a directory operation.\nPR:L - Exploitation requires mounting HPFS (achievable with CAP_SYS_ADMIN inside an unprivileged user namespace) and write access to the mountpoint; it does not require real root in the initial namespace.\nUI:N - In the highest-impact path, the attacker mounts their own malicious HPFS image inside a user namespace and triggers the bug themselves without requiring any victim action such as plugging in media or mounting untrusted storage.\nS:U - Impact is confined to kernel memory management within the same kernel security domain; there is no crossing of VM, container, or IOMMU boundaries.\nC:H - Calling `hpfs_brelse4()` on an uninitialized `quad_buffer_head` performs `kfree()` and `brelse()` on stack garbage, which is uncontrolled memory corruption that can corrupt slab metadata or dereference arbitrary pointers, not a bounded NULL dereference.\nI:H - The erroneous `kfree()`/`brelse()` calls on uninitialized pointers can corrupt kernel heap state and potentially be leveraged for arbitrary writes, matching the guidance to score uncertain memory-corruption bugs at High.\nA:H - The bug reliably causes a kernel oops or panic when `hpfs_map_dnode_bitmap()` fails, resulting in complete loss of system availability for the affected host."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["fs/hpfs/alloc.c"], "versions": [{"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": 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on\nuninitialized quad buffer head, causing a crash."}], "id": "CVE-2026-63954", "lastModified": "2026-10-30T14:32:48.370", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-07-19T16:17:14.183", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/010b08084000ef018f1a8de5197087f3b91d8cfe"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0886c6f257fe3663f80218aa1919b0f3f21bf22c"}, 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"Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: hpfs: fix a crash if hpfs_map_dnode_bitmap fails", "id": "2502407", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2502407"}, "csaw": false, "cwe": "CWE-824", "details": ["A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's High Performance File System (HPFS) component. This vulnerability occurs when the hpfs_map_dnode_bitmap function fails, leading to the system attempting to release an uninitialized buffer. An attacker could potentially trigger this condition, resulting in a system crash and causing a Denial of Service (DoS)."], "name": "CVE-2026-63954", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2026-07-19T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-63954\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-63954\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026071955-CVE-2026-63954-d2b4@gregkh/T"]}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,010b08084000ef018f1a8de5197087f3b91d8cfe)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,d98d8562b3284b5a5c8eb67e71b794508e46e288)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,1648a3c7f4e18f46a4881920133fc4f2494185a0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,7c58c55a2a16f7274772507bd1637be609351b4f)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,1d73a533760bc5abb83b3cc759133596f7bb708f)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,0886c6f257fe3663f80218aa1919b0f3f21bf22c)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,4f37bb30b57d6d403d02673074555bd3c3602bef)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,974820a59efde7c1a7e1260bcfe9bb81f833cc9f)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "2.6.12"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[0,2.6.12)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[5.10.259,5.11.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[5.15.210,5.16.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.1.176,6.2.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.6.143,6.7.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.12.93,6.13.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.18.35,6.19.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.0.12,7.1.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[7.1,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "created": "2026-07-21T23:15:12.853063+00:00", "updated": "2026-10-30T17:45:15.036862+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}