CVE-2026-59989

Phalcon Volt compiler `join` filter compile-time PHP code injection (SSTI lead to RCE)

Published Aug 21, 2026 CVSS 4.0 · 9.2 Critical EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Description
Phalcon is a high-performance, full-stack PHP framework. In 5.15.0 and earlier, resolveFilter in phalcon/Mvc/View/Engine/Volt/Compiler.zep builds the join filter by inserting the raw separator and array token values into generated PHP without passing them through expression(). An attacker who can influence Volt template source can place quote-breaking content in a join argument, inject PHP into the compiled cache file, and execute it when Phalcon\Mvc\View\Engine\Volt::render() loads the template. This issue is fixed in version 5.16.0.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record

Tracking

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Advisories

Source ID Title
Github GHSA Github GHSA GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8 Phalcon Volt compiler `join` filter compile-time PHP code injection (SSTI leads to RCE)
History
Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'yes', 'Exploitation': 'poc', 'Technical Impact': 'total'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}

Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Phalcon
Phalcon cphalcon
Vendors & Products Phalcon
Phalcon cphalcon
Type Values Removed Values Added
Description Phalcon is a high-performance, full-stack PHP framework. In 5.15.0 and earlier, resolveFilter in phalcon/Mvc/View/Engine/Volt/Compiler.zep builds the join filter by inserting the raw separator and array token values into generated PHP without passing them through expression(). An attacker who can influence Volt template source can place quote-breaking content in a join argument, inject PHP into the compiled cache file, and execute it when Phalcon\Mvc\View\Engine\Volt::render() loads the template. This issue is fixed in version 5.16.0.
Title Phalcon Volt compiler `join` filter compile-time PHP code injection (SSTI lead to RCE)
Weaknesses CWE-1336
CWE-94
References
Metrics cvssV4_0

{'score': 9.2, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N'}

Weaknesses

Sources

Status
PUBLISHED
Assigner
GitHub_M
Published
Updated
Aug 27, 2026, 4:24 PM
Reserved
Jul 7, 2026, 7:41 PM
Status
Deferred
Published
Aug 21, 2026, 9:17 PM
Modified
Oct 12, 2026, 4:10 PM