CVE-2026-53228

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The pskb_expand_head()\ncontract requires pointers into the skb header to be reloaded after the\ncall.\n\nIf the later skb_realloc_headroom() branch is not taken, SIT uses the\nstale iph6 pointer to read the inner hop limit and DS field. That can\nread from a freed skb head after the old head's remaining clone is\nreleased.\n\nReload iph6 after the offload helper succeeds and before subsequent\nreads from the inner IPv6 header. Keep the existing reload after\nskb_realloc_headroom(), since that branch can also replace the skb."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable SIT transmit path can be reached by network-triggered IPv6 traffic in a reasonable deployment where a public service or router sends large TCP/GSO packets through a configured SIT tunnel.\nAC:L - There is no race or fragile timing requirement; GSO and header-cloned TCP skbs are normal for large TCP transmissions, and the attacker can repeatedly trigger them with network traffic.\nPR:N - In the network-triggered scenario, the attacker does not need local privileges or authentication; the required SIT configuration is an environmental precondition on the victim.\nUI:N - No victim user action is required beyond the system processing network traffic through the configured SIT tunnel.\nS:U - The impact remains within the kernel and its networking security authority, with no VM, IOMMU, or separate security-scope boundary crossed.\nC:H - The stale inner IPv6 header pointer can read from freed skb head memory after `skb_header_unclone()`/`pskb_expand_head()`, making this a kernel use-after-free read. Per kernel CVSS guidance, use-after-free conditions are scored with high confidentiality impact.\nI:H - Although the immediate stale access feeds header fields, it is a kernel use-after-free in attacker-triggerable networking memory, and kernel UAFs are treated as potentially exploitable for heap manipulation and integrity compromise.\nA:H - Use-after-free in the kernel networking transmit path can lead to oops, panic, or repeated crash conditions, especially under memory debugging or unfavorable heap reuse."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/ipv6/sit.c"], "versions": [{"version": "14909664e4e192f4c6f6fcdccd9919af7cf783ab", "lessThan": "fddd41445a0537b093e6b3f6232c9933cad1e48b", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "14909664e4e192f4c6f6fcdccd9919af7cf783ab", "lessThan": "1132e5edc2866c3530be17622153a597095f0e43", 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"versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.1", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.18", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.259"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.18", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.210"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.176"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.143"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.94"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": 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"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb658c2f5f7977c2a1c77c9f239f4bc8196edb5c"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0e42f0c4337b1f220de1ddd63f47197c7dee4de"}], "title": "ipv6: sit: reload inner IPv6 header after GSO offloads", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}, "adp": [{"x_adpType": "supplier", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "shortName": "siemens-SADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T01:22:51.790Z"}, "affected": [{"vendor": "Siemens", "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "*", "versionType": "custom"}], "defaultStatus": "unknown"}], "references": [{"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"}]}, {"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2026-53228", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "yes"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": 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Per kernel CVSS guidance, use-after-free conditions are scored with high confidentiality impact.\nI:H - Although the immediate stale access feeds header fields, it is a kernel use-after-free in attacker-triggerable networking memory, and kernel UAFs are treated as potentially exploitable for heap manipulation and integrity compromise.\nA:H - Use-after-free in the kernel networking transmit path can lead to oops, panic, or repeated crash conditions, especially under memory debugging or unfavorable heap reuse."}]}], "affected": [{"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "14909664e4e192f4c6f6fcdccd9919af7cf783ab", "lessThan": "fddd41445a0537b093e6b3f6232c9933cad1e48b", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "14909664e4e192f4c6f6fcdccd9919af7cf783ab", "lessThan": "1132e5edc2866c3530be17622153a597095f0e43", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "14909664e4e192f4c6f6fcdccd9919af7cf783ab", "lessThan": "9c67b44edb3598d234efae6e44649eb993c03da5", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "14909664e4e192f4c6f6fcdccd9919af7cf783ab", "lessThan": "0bfa7bba1f41aaf5f0604dc712bb4701493e3aa0", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "14909664e4e192f4c6f6fcdccd9919af7cf783ab", "lessThan": "59f80c919713250fe5d25a4d9aea4e49580fa1d4", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "14909664e4e192f4c6f6fcdccd9919af7cf783ab", "lessThan": "2fa49b2715e1bad12ce3b0fa64e234d9582c8193", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "14909664e4e192f4c6f6fcdccd9919af7cf783ab", "lessThan": "cb658c2f5f7977c2a1c77c9f239f4bc8196edb5c", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "14909664e4e192f4c6f6fcdccd9919af7cf783ab", "lessThan": "f0e42f0c4337b1f220de1ddd63f47197c7dee4de", "versionType": "git"}], "programFiles": ["net/ipv6/sit.c"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}, {"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "3.18"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "3.18", "versionType": "semver"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "5.10.259", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "5.15.210", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.1.176", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.6.143", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.12.94", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.18.36", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "7.0.13", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "7.1", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix", "lessThanOrEqual": "*"}], "programFiles": ["net/ipv6/sit.c"], "defaultStatus": "affected"}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fddd41445a0537b093e6b3f6232c9933cad1e48b"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1132e5edc2866c3530be17622153a597095f0e43"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9c67b44edb3598d234efae6e44649eb993c03da5"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0bfa7bba1f41aaf5f0604dc712bb4701493e3aa0"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/59f80c919713250fe5d25a4d9aea4e49580fa1d4"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2fa49b2715e1bad12ce3b0fa64e234d9582c8193"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb658c2f5f7977c2a1c77c9f239f4bc8196edb5c"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0e42f0c4337b1f220de1ddd63f47197c7dee4de"}], "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv6: sit: reload inner IPv6 header after GSO offloads\n\nipip6_tunnel_xmit() caches the inner IPv6 header pointer at function\nentry and continues using it after iptunnel_handle_offloads().\n\nFor GSO skbs, iptunnel_handle_offloads() calls skb_header_unclone().\nWhen the skb header is cloned, skb_header_unclone() can call\npskb_expand_head(), which may move the skb head. The pskb_expand_head()\ncontract requires pointers into the skb header to be reloaded after the\ncall.\n\nIf the later skb_realloc_headroom() branch is not taken, SIT uses the\nstale iph6 pointer to read the inner hop limit and DS field. That can\nread from a freed skb head after the old head's remaining clone is\nreleased.\n\nReload iph6 after the offload helper succeeds and before subsequent\nreads from the inner IPv6 header. 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The pskb_expand_head()\ncontract requires pointers into the skb header to be reloaded after the\ncall.\n\nIf the later skb_realloc_headroom() branch is not taken, SIT uses the\nstale iph6 pointer to read the inner hop limit and DS field. That can\nread from a freed skb head after the old head's remaining clone is\nreleased.\n\nReload iph6 after the offload helper succeeds and before subsequent\nreads from the inner IPv6 header. Keep the existing reload after\nskb_realloc_headroom(), since that branch can also replace the skb."}], "id": "CVE-2026-53228", "lastModified": "2026-10-19T20:19:11.047", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-53228", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "yes"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-10-16T15:27:17.714387Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2026-06-25T09:16:40.657", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0bfa7bba1f41aaf5f0604dc712bb4701493e3aa0"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1132e5edc2866c3530be17622153a597095f0e43"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2fa49b2715e1bad12ce3b0fa64e234d9582c8193"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/59f80c919713250fe5d25a4d9aea4e49580fa1d4"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9c67b44edb3598d234efae6e44649eb993c03da5"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb658c2f5f7977c2a1c77c9f239f4bc8196edb5c"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0e42f0c4337b1f220de1ddd63f47197c7dee4de"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fddd41445a0537b093e6b3f6232c9933cad1e48b"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}], "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: ipv6: sit: reload inner IPv6 header after GSO offloads", "id": "2492733", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492733"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-825", "details": ["A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's Simple Internet Transition (SIT) tunnel driver for IPv6. When processing network traffic with Generic Segmentation Offload (GSO) enabled, the driver may use a stale pointer to the inner IPv6 header after the socket buffer (skb) head has been reallocated. This can lead to reading from freed memory, potentially allowing an attacker to cause a denial of service or gain access to sensitive information."], "name": "CVE-2026-53228", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2026-06-25T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-53228\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53228\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026062507-CVE-2026-53228-f3f1@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

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