CVE-2026-49478

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{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"product": "fulcio", "vendor": "sigstore", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "< 1.8.6"}]}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Fulcio is a certificate authority for issuing code signing certificates for an OpenID Connect (OIDC) identity. Versions through 1.8.5 improperly follow cross-host redirects and attach Kubernetes ServiceAccount tokens during OIDC discovery, allowing a malicious or compromised issuer to perform blind SSRF, substitute and cache malicious JWKS keys, or disclose ServiceAccount tokens to external hosts. Version 1.8.6 blocks cross-host redirects, restricts token injection, and restricts local token loading. No known workarounds are available."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "Fulcio es una autoridad de certificaci\u00f3n para emitir certificados de firma de c\u00f3digo para una identidad de OpenID Connect (OIDC). Las versiones hasta la 1.8.5 siguen incorrectamente las redirecciones entre hosts y adjuntan tokens de Kubernetes ServiceAccount durante el descubrimiento de OIDC, lo que permite a un emisor malicioso o comprometido realizar SSRF ciego, sustituir y almacenar en cach\u00e9 claves JWKS maliciosas, o divulgar tokens de ServiceAccount a hosts externos. La versi\u00f3n 1.8.6 bloquea las redirecciones entre hosts, restringe la inyecci\u00f3n de tokens y restringe la carga local de tokens. No se conocen soluciones alternativas disponibles."}], "id": "CVE-2026-49478", "lastModified": "2026-10-24T16:10:00.153", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.7, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "CHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.2, "impactScore": 5.8, "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-49478", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-08-15T03:14:38.396830Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2026-08-13T13:19:09.790", "references": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/sigstore/fulcio/commit/378c654f48c3bafdced04ead7010aab2cb4c6ca1"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/sigstore/fulcio/pull/2354"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/sigstore/fulcio/releases/tag/v1.8.6"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/sigstore/fulcio/security/advisories/GHSA-f5mr-q85p-6hh6"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com", "vulnStatus": "Deferred", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-918"}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "github.com/sigstore/fulcio: Fulcio: Server-Side Request Forgery and Kubernetes ServiceAccount token leakage", "id": "2499690", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2499690"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "6.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-918", "details": ["A flaw was found in Fulcio's OpenID Connect (OIDC) Discovery client. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) by redirecting discovery requests to internal systems. Additionally, an attacker can manipulate the JSON Web Key Set (JWKS) Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) to poison the verifier cache with malicious keys, enabling the validation of attacker-controlled signatures. Furthermore, the flaw can lead to the leakage of Kubernetes ServiceAccount tokens to third-party hosts through cross-host redirects or misconfigured MetaIssuers, potentially exposing sensitive cluster credentials."], "mitigation": {"lang": "en:us", "value": "Upgrade to Fulcio v1.8.6 or later. No workaround is available."}, "name": "CVE-2026-49478", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:assisted_installer:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "assisted/agent-preinstall-image-builder-rhel9", "product_name": "Assisted Installer for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:assisted_installer:2", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Assisted Installer for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:confidential_compute_attestation:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Confidential Compute Attestation"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:confidential_compute_attestation:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift-sandboxed-containers/osc-must-gather-rhel9", "product_name": "Confidential Compute Attestation"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:kernel_module_management:2", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Kernel Module 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"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_power_monitoring", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Power monitoring for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_power_monitoring", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift-power-monitoring/power-monitoring-rhel9-operator", "product_name": "Power monitoring for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhacm2/acm-must-gather-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhacm2/submariner-rhel9-operator", "product_name": "Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": 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{"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift4/ose-tools-rhel8", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift4/ose-tools-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift4/ptp-must-gather-rhel8", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift4/ptp-must-gather-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift-kni/commatrix", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "odf4/mcg-core-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "odf4/odf-cloudnative-pg-rhel9-operator", "product_name": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "odf4/odf-must-gather-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "devspaces/udi-base-rhel10", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "devspaces/udi-base-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "devspaces/udi-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_gitops:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift GitOps"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_gitops:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift-gitops-1/must-gather-rhel8", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift GitOps"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_gitops:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift-gitops-1/must-gather-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift GitOps"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:container_native_virtualization:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "container-native-virtualization/cnv-must-gather-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:container_native_virtualization:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "container-native-virtualization/ocp-virt-validation-checkup-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:container_native_virtualization:4", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openstack:18.0", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenStack Platform 18.0"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openstack:18.0", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhoso-operators/openstack-operator-bundle", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenStack Platform 18.0"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openstack:18.0", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhoso-operators/prometheus-podman-exporter-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenStack Platform 18.0"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Red Hat Quay 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "quay/quay-builder-rhel8", "product_name": "Red Hat Quay 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "quay/quay-builder-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Quay 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhtas/cosign-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhtas/ec-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhtas/fulcio-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhtas/gitsign-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "rhtas/policy-controller-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_security_profiles_operator:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "compliance/openshift-security-profiles-operator-bundle", "product_name": "Security Profiles Operator"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_security_profiles_operator:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "compliance/openshift-security-profiles-rhel8-operator", "product_name": "Security Profiles Operator"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_security_profiles_operator:1", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Security Profiles Operator"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_portal:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "ansible-automation-platform/bootc-automation-portal-rhel9", "product_name": "Self-service automation portal 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_portal:2", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "fulcio", "product_name": "Self-service automation portal 2"}], "public_date": "2026-06-30T18:40:39Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49478\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49478\nhttps://github.com/sigstore/fulcio/security/advisories/GHSA-f5mr-q85p-6hh6"], "statement": "A flaw was found in Fulcio's OIDC Discovery client. Three related vulnerabilities allow exploitation when a configured OIDC issuer is compromised or malicious: (1) Blind SSRF \u2014 the discovery client follows cross-host HTTP redirects, allowing a malicious issuer to redirect Fulcio's metadata fetch requests to internal-only systems (e.g., cloud IMDS endpoints, RFC 1918 addresses); (2) JWKS substitution \u2014 the redirected discovery flow can return a manipulated jwks_uri pointing to an attacker-controlled host, poisoning the verifier cache with attacker keys and enabling validation of attacker-controlled signatures; (3) Kubernetes ServiceAccount token leakage \u2014 the in-cluster SA token is attached globally by the HTTP transport, leaking it to third-party hosts during cross-host redirects or when wildcard MetaIssuers match external endpoints. Exploitation requires a compromised or malicious OIDC issuer already trusted in the Fulcio configuration. In typical Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer deployments, OIDC issuers are explicitly configured and curated, reducing the attack surface.\"}]", "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{}