CVE-2026-41164

nuts-node: JWT type confusion in v1 access token introspection allows VP replay as access token

Published May 26, 2026 CVSS 3.1 · 4.4 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Description
nuts-node is the reference implementation of the Nuts specification. Prior to 6.2.3 and 5.4.31, the v1 access token introspection endpoint (/auth/v1/introspect_access_token) accepts any JWT signed by a key present on the node, without validating the JWT type, issuer-to-key binding, or required claims. This allows a Verifiable Presentation (VP) JWT to be replayed as an access token and receive an active: true introspection response. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.2.3 and 5.4.31.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record

Tracking

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Advisories

Source ID Title
Github GHSA Github GHSA GHSA-9hmg-827w-9rhj nuts-node has JWT type confusion in v1 access token introspection that allows VP replay as access token
History
Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'partial'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}

Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Nuts-foundation
Nuts-foundation nuts-node
Vendors & Products Nuts-foundation
Nuts-foundation nuts-node
Type Values Removed Values Added
Description nuts-node is the reference implementation of the Nuts specification. Prior to 6.2.3 and 5.4.31, the v1 access token introspection endpoint (/auth/v1/introspect_access_token) accepts any JWT signed by a key present on the node, without validating the JWT type, issuer-to-key binding, or required claims. This allows a Verifiable Presentation (VP) JWT to be replayed as an access token and receive an active: true introspection response. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.2.3 and 5.4.31.
Title nuts-node: JWT type confusion in v1 access token introspection allows VP replay as access token
Weaknesses CWE-345
References
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 4.4, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N'}

Weaknesses

Sources

Status
PUBLISHED
Assigner
GitHub_M
Published
Updated
May 27, 2026, 5:24 PM
Reserved
Apr 17, 2026, 4:34 PM
Status
Deferred
Published
May 26, 2026, 6:16 PM
Modified
Jul 24, 2026, 11:10 AM