CVE-2026-40453

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The same setLowerCase(true) call was not applied to five non-HTTP HeaderFilterStrategy implementations: JmsHeaderFilterStrategy and ClassicJmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-jms, SjmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-sjms, CoAPHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-coap, and GooglePubsubHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-google-pubsub. Because those strategies use case-sensitive String.startsWith('Camel'/'camel') filtering while the Camel Exchange stores headers in a case-insensitive map, an attacker with JMS (or equivalent) producer access to the broker consumed by a Camel route can inject case-variant Camel internal headers, which are then resolved by downstream components such as camel-exec and camel-file using their canonical casing. This enables remote code execution and arbitrary file write on routes that forward JMS messages to header-driven components.</p><p>This issue affects Apache Camel: from 3.0.0 before 4.14.6, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.2, from 4.19.0 before 4.20.0.</p><p>Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.20.0, which fixes the issue. If users are on the 4.14.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.14.6. If users are on the 4.18.x releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.18.2.</p>"}], "value": "The fix for CVE-2025-27636 added setLowerCase(true) to HttpHeaderFilterStrategy so that case-variant header names such as 'CAmelExecCommandExecutable' are filtered out alongside 'CamelExecCommandExecutable'. 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The same setLowerCase(true) call was not applied to five non-HTTP HeaderFilterStrategy implementations: JmsHeaderFilterStrategy and ClassicJmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-jms, SjmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-sjms, CoAPHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-coap, and GooglePubsubHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-google-pubsub. Because those strategies use case-sensitive String.startsWith('Camel'/'camel') filtering while the Camel Exchange stores headers in a case-insensitive map, an attacker with JMS (or equivalent) producer access to the broker consumed by a Camel route can inject case-variant Camel internal headers, which are then resolved by downstream components such as camel-exec and camel-file using their canonical casing. 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"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:apache:camel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "3CB451CA-CD89-4D27-A289-1456E97FCB24", "versionEndExcluding": "4.14.6", "versionStartIncluding": "3.0.0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:apache:camel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "806A2561-97E3-42A3-931D-A9040BB96CE5", "versionEndExcluding": "4.18.2", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15.0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:apache:camel:4.19.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "EDA4D206-8808-4D2A-873E-8488DD7E3E16", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "The fix for CVE-2025-27636 added setLowerCase(true) to HttpHeaderFilterStrategy so that case-variant header names such as 'CAmelExecCommandExecutable' are filtered out alongside 'CamelExecCommandExecutable'. The same setLowerCase(true) call was not applied to five non-HTTP HeaderFilterStrategy implementations: JmsHeaderFilterStrategy and ClassicJmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-jms, SjmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-sjms, CoAPHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-coap, and GooglePubsubHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-google-pubsub. Because those strategies use case-sensitive String.startsWith('Camel'/'camel') filtering while the Camel Exchange stores headers in a case-insensitive map, an attacker with JMS (or equivalent) producer access to the broker consumed by a Camel route can inject case-variant Camel internal headers, which are then resolved by downstream components such as camel-exec and camel-file using their canonical casing. This enables remote code execution and arbitrary file write on routes that forward JMS messages to header-driven components.\n\nThis issue affects Apache Camel: from 3.0.0 before 4.14.6, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.2, from 4.19.0 before 4.20.0.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 4.20.0, which fixes the issue. If users are on the 4.14.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.14.6. If users are on the 4.18.x releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.18.2."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "La correcci\u00f3n para CVE-2025-27636 a\u00f1adi\u00f3 setLowerCase(true) a HttpHeaderFilterStrategy para que los nombres de encabezado con variantes de may\u00fasculas y min\u00fasculas, como \u2019CAmelExecCommandExecutable\u2019, se filtren junto con \u2019CamelExecCommandExecutable\u2019. La misma llamada a setLowerCase(true) no se aplic\u00f3 a cinco implementaciones de HeaderFilterStrategy que no son HTTP: JmsHeaderFilterStrategy y ClassicJmsHeaderFilterStrategy en camel-jms, SjmsHeaderFilterStrategy en camel-sjms, CoAPHeaderFilterStrategy en camel-coap, y GooglePubsubHeaderFilterStrategy en camel-google-pubsub. Debido a que esas estrategias usan filtrado String.startsWith(\u2019Camel\u2019/\u2019camel\u2019) sensible a may\u00fasculas y min\u00fasculas mientras que el Camel Exchange almacena los encabezados en un mapa que no distingue entre may\u00fasculas y min\u00fasculas, un atacante con acceso de productor JMS (o equivalente) al broker consumido por una ruta Camel puede inyectar encabezados internos de Camel con variantes de may\u00fasculas y min\u00fasculas, los cuales son luego resueltos por componentes posteriores como camel-exec y camel-file usando su formato can\u00f3nico de may\u00fasculas y min\u00fasculas. Esto permite la ejecuci\u00f3n remota de c\u00f3digo y la escritura arbitraria de archivos en rutas que reenv\u00edan mensajes JMS a componentes impulsados por encabezados.\n\nEste problema afecta a Apache Camel: desde 3.0.0 antes de 4.14.6, desde 4.15.0 antes de 4.18.2, desde 4.19.0 antes de 4.20.0.\n\nSe recomienda a los usuarios actualizar a la versi\u00f3n 4.20.0, la cual corrige el problema. Si los usuarios est\u00e1n en la rama de lanzamientos LTS 4.14.x, se les sugiere actualizar a 4.14.6. Si los usuarios est\u00e1n en la rama de lanzamientos 4.18.x, se les sugiere actualizar a 4.18.2."}], "id": "CVE-2026-40453", "lastModified": "2026-10-26T22:10:00.163", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.9, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.1, "impactScore": 6.0, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.9, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "CHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.1, "impactScore": 6.0, "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-40453", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-04-27T00:00:00+00:00", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2026-04-27T09:16:01.493", "references": [{"source": "security@apache.org", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2026-40453.html"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17668"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19835"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40453"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2463173"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-40453.json"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security@apache.org", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-178"}], "source": "security@apache.org", "type": "Secondary"}, {"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-178"}], "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "Apache Camel: org.apache.camel: Apache Camel: Remote Code Execution and Arbitrary File Write via case-variant header injection", "id": "2463173", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2463173"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "9.9", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-178", "details": ["A flaw was found in Apache Camel. A remote attacker with Java Message Service (JMS) producer access could exploit a vulnerability in how certain header filter strategies process case-variant internal headers. This discrepancy, where filtering is case-sensitive but header processing is not, allows for the injection of malicious headers. Consequently, this could lead to remote code execution and arbitrary file write on affected Camel routes."], "mitigation": {"lang": "en:us", "value": "This flaw may be mitigated by temporarily disabling routes that allows arbitrary writes and executions (camel-exec and camel-file)"}, "name": "CVE-2026-40453", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-serverless-1/kn-eventing-integrations-aws-ddb-streams-source-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Serverless"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-serverless-1/kn-eventing-integrations-aws-s3-sink-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Serverless"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-serverless-1/kn-eventing-integrations-aws-s3-source-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Serverless"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-serverless-1/kn-eventing-integrations-aws-sns-sink-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Serverless"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-serverless-1/kn-eventing-integrations-aws-sqs-sink-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Serverless"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-serverless-1/kn-eventing-integrations-aws-sqs-source-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Serverless"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-serverless-1/kn-eventing-integrations-log-sink-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Serverless"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-serverless-1/kn-eventing-integrations-timer-source-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Serverless"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-google-pubsub", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-base", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-common", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-jms", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-google-pubsub", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-base", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-common", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-starter", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-jms", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-google-pubsub", "product_name": "Red Hat Fuse 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http", "product_name": "Red Hat Fuse 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http4", "product_name": "Red Hat Fuse 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http4-starter", "product_name": "Red Hat Fuse 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-base", "product_name": "Red Hat Fuse 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-common", "product_name": "Red Hat Fuse 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-common-starter", "product_name": "Red Hat Fuse 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-starter", "product_name": "Red Hat Fuse 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-jms", "product_name": "Red Hat Fuse 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "camel-google-pubsub", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "camel-http", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "camel-http-base", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "camel-http-common", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "camel-jms", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "camel-google-pubsub", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "camel-http", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "camel-http-base", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "camel-http-common", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "camel-jms", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-common", "product_name": "Red Hat Process Automation 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "camel-http-common", "product_name": "Red Hat Single Sign-On 7"}], "public_date": "2026-04-27T08:23:20Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-40453\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40453\nhttps://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2026-40453.html"], "statement": "This Critical flaw in Apache Camel allows remote code execution and arbitrary file write. An attacker with Java Message Service (JMS) producer access can exploit a discrepancy in header processing, where case-variant internal headers are filtered case-sensitively but processed case-insensitively. This enables the injection of malicious headers into Camel routes that forward JMS messages to header-driven components, posing a significant risk to affected Red Hat products.\nThe critical severity is tied to the low complexity and low privileges required by the attack to exploit this vulnerability, this flaw also differs from the CVE-2025-27636 in the fact that an attacker may leverage this flaw to execute code that are beyond the methods already in the classpath meaning the impact for Integrity, Availability and Confidentiality is higher for this CVE and the impact scope may go beyond of only Apache Camel component but can impact the whole server hosting it.", "threat_severity": "Critical"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[3.0.0,4.14.6)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[4.15.0,4.18.2)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[4.19.0,4.20.0)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 100.0, "confidence_source": "manual", "scores": [{"score": 100.0, "source": "manual"}]}, "original": {"product": "Apache Camel JMS", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation"}, "product": "camel", "vendor": "apache"}], "analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-28T04:42:12.651189+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Upgrade to Apache Camel 4.20.0 or the appropriate LTS release (4.14.6 or 4.18.2).", "If an upgrade is not feasible, restrict access to the message broker so that only trusted producers can send messages, and ensure header values are sanitized or removed before they reach header\u2011driven components.", "Consider disabling or removing the use of camel\u2011exec and camel\u2011file in routes that process messages from untrusted sources, or switch to safer components that do not rely on header\u2011driven execution."], "summary": {"action": "Immediate Patch", "impact": "Remote Code Execution"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "The issue affects Apache Camel assemblies that provide JMS, CoAP, and Google PubSub endpoints. Versions from 3.0.0 up to, but not including, 4.14.6; from 4.15.0 to 4.18.2 (excluding 4.18.2); and from 4.19.0 to 4.20.0 (excluding 4.20.0) are vulnerable. The affected modules are camel\u2011jms, camel\u2011sjms, camel\u2011coap, and camel\u2011google\u2011pubsub.", "description_and_impact": "The vulnerability resides in non\u2011HTTP HeaderFilterStrategy implementations where a case\u2011sensitive filter is applied to header names, but the Camel Exchange stores headers case\u2011insensitively. An attacker who can send messages to the broker used by a Camel route can inject headers with case\u2011variant names that bypass the filter. The headers are then interpreted by components such as camel\u2011exec or camel\u2011file, allowing the attacker to trigger execution of arbitrary code on the JVM or write files on the host. The flaw is identified as CWE\u2011178.", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score is 9.9, indicating a critical severity. However, the EPSS score is below 1\u202f% and the flaw is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, suggesting exploitation is unlikely at this time. The attack requires write\u2011access to messages sent to the broker, which could be provided by an external publisher or a compromised internal message source. If such access is available, the attacker can inject a header such as 'CAmelExecCommandExecutable', bypass the filter, and trigger remote code execution or arbitrary file write through downstream components."}}}}, "created": "2026-04-28T04:45:22.553498+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-28T09:17:22.773386+00:00", "vendors": ["apache", "apache$PRODUCT$camel"]}