CVE-2026-40159

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{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"product": "PraisonAI", "vendor": "MervinPraison", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "< 4.5.128"}]}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com"}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:praison:praisonai:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "56CDE5F5-B03C-4C3A-9A92-F61C9DFDA9B1", "versionEndExcluding": "4.5.128", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI\u2019s MCP (Model Context Protocol) integration allows spawning background servers via stdio using user-supplied command strings (e.g., MCP(\"npx -y @smithery/cli ...\")). These commands are executed through Python\u2019s subprocess module. By default, the implementation forwards the entire parent process environment to the spawned subprocess. As a result, any MCP command executed in this manner inherits all environment variables from the host process, including sensitive data such as API keys, authentication tokens, and database credentials. This behavior introduces a security risk when untrusted or third-party commands are used. In common scenarios where MCP tools are invoked via package runners such as npx -y, arbitrary code from external or potentially compromised packages may execute with access to these inherited environment variables. This creates a risk of unintended credential exposure and enables potential supply chain attacks through silent exfiltration of secrets. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "PraisonAI es un sistema de equipos multiagente. Antes de la versi\u00f3n 4.5.128, la integraci\u00f3n del MCP (Protocolo de Contexto del Modelo) de PraisonAI permite generar servidores en segundo plano a trav\u00e9s de stdio utilizando cadenas de comandos proporcionadas por el usuario (por ejemplo, MCP(\u2019npx -y @smithery/cli ...\u2019)). Estos comandos se ejecutan a trav\u00e9s del m\u00f3dulo subprocess de Python. Por defecto, la implementaci\u00f3n reenv\u00eda todo el entorno del proceso padre al subproceso generado. Como resultado, cualquier comando MCP ejecutado de esta manera hereda todas las variables de entorno del proceso anfitri\u00f3n, incluyendo datos sensibles como claves de API, tokens de autenticaci\u00f3n y credenciales de base de datos. Este comportamiento introduce un riesgo de seguridad cuando se utilizan comandos no confiables o de terceros. En escenarios comunes donde las herramientas MCP se invocan a trav\u00e9s de ejecutores de paquetes como npx -y, c\u00f3digo arbitrario de paquetes externos o potencialmente comprometidos puede ejecutarse con acceso a estas variables de entorno heredadas. Esto crea un riesgo de exposici\u00f3n no intencionada de credenciales y permite posibles ataques a la cadena de suministro a trav\u00e9s de la exfiltraci\u00f3n silenciosa de secretos. Esta vulnerabilidad se corrige en la versi\u00f3n 4.5.128."}], "id": "CVE-2026-40159", "lastModified": "2026-10-26T22:10:00.163", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-40159", "options": [{"exploitation": "poc"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-04-15T14:48:28.211057Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2026-04-10T17:17:13.763", "references": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-pj2r-f9mw-vrcq"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-200"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-214"}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[0,4.5.128)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 100.0, "confidence_source": "cna", "scores": [{"score": 100.0, "source": "cna"}]}, "original": {"product": "PraisonAI", "source": "cna", "vendor": "MervinPraison"}, "product": "praisonai", "vendor": "mervinpraison"}], "analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-10T18:22:15.654594+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Apply the patch that updates PraisonAI to version 4.5.128 or newer."], "summary": {"action": "Update", "impact": "Information Disclosure"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "The affected product is PraisonAI, version 4.5.127 and earlier. The MFA functionality is applicable to all deployments of the MCP protocol exposed by versions prior to 4.5.128.", "description_and_impact": "PraisonAI\u2019s MCP integration previously allowed arbitrary user-supplied commands to spawn background servers via Python\u2019s subprocess module. The implementation forwarded the complete parent environment to the subprocess, resulting in all host process environment variables\u2014including sensitive API keys, authentication tokens, and database credentials\u2014being exposed to the spawned process. This exposed attackers to the potential leakage of confidential data and facilitated supply\u2011chain attacks by allowing untrusted code to exfiltrate secrets without additional user interaction. The vulnerability\u2019s root cause aligns with CWE\u2011200 and CWE\u2011214.", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 5.5 indicates moderate severity, and the lack of an available EPSS score prevents precise exploitation probability assessment. PRAISONAI is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, but the nature of the flaw allows an attacker with access to the MCP command interface to retrieve environment variables, potentially compromising authentication credentials. The most likely attack vector involves an adversary controlling or influencing the command string passed to the MCP integration, which is then executed in a subprocess inheriting the host environment."}}}}, "created": "2026-04-13T12:43:48.228947+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-13T13:00:15.412236+00:00", "vendors": ["mervinpraison", "mervinpraison$PRODUCT$praisonai"]}