CVE-2026-33228

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Prior to version 3.4.2, the parse() function in flatted can use attacker-controlled string values from the parsed JSON as direct array index keys, without validating that they are numeric. Since the internal input buffer is a JavaScript Array, accessing it with the key \"__proto__\" returns Array.prototype via the inherited getter. This object is then treated as a legitimate parsed value and assigned as a property of the output object, effectively leaking a live reference to Array.prototype to the consumer. Any code that subsequently writes to that property will pollute the global prototype. This issue has been patched in version 3.4.2."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "flatted es un analizador de JSON circular. Antes de la versi\u00f3n 3.4.2, la funci\u00f3n parse() en flatted puede usar valores de cadena controlados por el atacante del JSON analizado como claves de \u00edndice de array directas, sin validar que sean num\u00e9ricos. Dado que el b\u00fafer de entrada interno es un Array de JavaScript, acceder a \u00e9l con la clave '__proto__' devuelve Array.prototype a trav\u00e9s del getter heredado. Este objeto es entonces tratado como un valor analizado leg\u00edtimo y asignado como una propiedad del objeto de salida, filtrando efectivamente una referencia en vivo a Array.prototype al consumidor. Cualquier c\u00f3digo que posteriormente escriba en esa propiedad contaminar\u00e1 el prototipo global. Este problema ha sido parcheado en la versi\u00f3n 3.4.2."}], "id": "CVE-2026-33228", "lastModified": "2026-09-04T13:18:55.120", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "type": "Secondary"}], "cvssMetricV40": [{"cvssData": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 8.9, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "exploitMaturity": "PROOF_OF_CONCEPT", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-33228", "options": [{"exploitation": "poc"}, {"automatable": "yes"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-03-24T17:35:34.197834Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2026-03-20T23:16:46.510", "references": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://github.com/WebReflection/flatted/commit/885ddcc33cf9657caf38c57c7be45ae1c5272802"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Product"], "url": "https://github.com/WebReflection/flatted/releases/tag/v3.4.2"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Exploit", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://github.com/WebReflection/flatted/security/advisories/GHSA-rf6f-7fwh-wjgh"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13826"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34342"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:9742"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-33228"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2449872"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-33228.json"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-1321"}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}, {"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-915"}], "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "flatted: Flatted: Prototype pollution vulnerability allows arbitrary code execution via crafted JSON.", "id": "2449872", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2449872"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "9.8", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-915", "details": ["A flaw was found in flatted, a JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) parser designed for handling circular data structures. A remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by providing specially crafted JSON input. The parse() function in flatted fails to properly validate string values used as array index keys, allowing an attacker to manipulate internal JavaScript object prototypes. This prototype pollution can enable an attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service, impacting the availability and integrity of affected systems."], "name": "CVE-2026-33228", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "io.cryostat-cryostat", "product_name": "Cryostat 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift-logging/elasticsearch6-rhel9", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift-logging/elasticsearch-operator-bundle", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift-logging/elasticsearch-proxy-rhel9", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift-logging/elasticsearch-rhel9-operator", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift-logging/kibana6-rhel8", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift-logging/logging-curator5-rhel9", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "multicluster-engine/console-mce-rhel9", "product_name": "Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "3scale-amp20/system", "product_name": "Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "3scale-amp21/system", "product_name": "Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "3scale-amp22/system", "product_name": "Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "3scale-amp24/system", "product_name": "Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "3scale-amp25/system", "product_name": "Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "3scale-amp26/system", "product_name": "Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "3scale-amp2/system-rhel7", "product_name": "Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "3scale-amp2/system-rhel8", "product_name": "Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "3scale-amp2/system-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "rhacm2/console-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:amq_broker:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "org.jolokia-jolokia-parent", "product_name": "Red Hat AMQ Broker 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:service_registry:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "io.apicurio-apicurio-registry", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhbk-quarkus-dist.zip", "product_name": "Red Hat Build of Keycloak"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:optaplanner:::el6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "org.optaweb.vehiclerouting-optaweb-vehicle-routing", "product_name": "Red Hat build of OptaPlanner 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:podman_desktop:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "podman-desktop-macos-1-0", "product_name": "Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:podman_desktop:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "podman-desktop-windows-1-0", "product_name": "Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_data_grid:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "org.infinispan-infinispan-console", "product_name": "Red Hat Data Grid 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:directory_server:11", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "redhat-ds:11/389-ds-base", "product_name": "Red Hat Directory Server 11"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:directory_server:12", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "redhat-ds:12/389-ds-base", "product_name": "Red Hat Directory Server 12"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:directory_server:13", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "389-ds-base", "product_name": "Red Hat Directory Server 13"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "rust", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "grafana", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "pcs", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "grafana", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "pcs", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "rust", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "io.syndesis-syndesis-parent", "product_name": "Red Hat Fuse 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "org.jboss.hal-hal-parent", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "org.keycloak-keycloak-parent", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "org.keycloak-keycloak-parent", "product_name": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "rhoai/odh-dashboard-rhel8", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "rhoai/odh-mlflow-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift4/ose-console", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "openshift4/ose-console-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "org.kie-process-migration-service", "product_name": "Red Hat Process Automation 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "org.kie.workbench-kie-wb-common", "product_name": "Red Hat Process Automation 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "org.uberfire-uberfire-parent", "product_name": "Red Hat Process Automation 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "quay/quay-rhel8", "product_name": "Red Hat Quay 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "quay/quay-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Quay 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "org.keycloak-keycloak-parent", "product_name": "Red Hat Single Sign-On 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "com.github.streamshub-console", "product_name": "streams for Apache Kafka 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "com.github.streamshub-console", "product_name": "streams for Apache Kafka 3"}], "public_date": "2026-03-20T23:06:48Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-33228\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33228\nhttps://github.com/WebReflection/flatted/commit/885ddcc33cf9657caf38c57c7be45ae1c5272802\nhttps://github.com/WebReflection/flatted/releases/tag/v3.4.2\nhttps://github.com/WebReflection/flatted/security/advisories/GHSA-rf6f-7fwh-wjgh"], "threat_severity": "Critical"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[0,3.4.2)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 95.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 95.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "flatted", "source": "cna", "vendor": "WebReflection"}, "product": "flatted", "vendor": "webreflection"}], "analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-03-26T15:00:41.148243+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Upgrade flatted to version 3.4.2 or later.", "Ensure that any JSON data parsed with flatted originates from trusted sources or is validated before parsing.", "Review application code for places where parsed objects may be stored or used in a way that can be manipulated through prototype pollution.", "Monitor for future advisories or updates from WebReflection regarding flatted."], "summary": {"action": "Patch Now", "impact": "Prototype Pollution"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "The issue affects the WebReflection flatted package for Node.js, specifically all releases prior to version 3.4.2. Applications that import flatted and deserialize user\u2011supplied JSON, such as browsers, backend services, or any tooling that relies on this library, are potentially vulnerable until they upgrade to 3.4.2 or later.", "description_and_impact": "The vulnerability resides in the parse() function of the flatted library, which accepts attacker\u2011controlled string values from the JSON payload as array index keys without validating that they are numeric. When a value such as \"__proto__\" is used, the JavaScript runtime resolves it to the Array prototype, which is then assigned as a property of the parsed object. This exposes a live reference to Array.prototype, allowing an attacker to modify the global prototype chain and, consequently, to tamper with any code that relies on array behavior or to execute arbitrary logic. The weakness is a classic prototype\u2011pollution flaw (CWE\u20111321) combined with improper handling of prototype references (CWE\u2011915).", "risk_and_exploitability": "Because the vulnerability is directly triggered by an attacker\u2011controlled JSON document, exploitation requires the ability to supply malicious input to parse(). The CVSS score of 8.9 classifies it as high severity, while the EPSS score of less than 1\u202f% indicates a low probability of widespread exploitation at present. The vulnerability is not listed in CISA\u2019s KEV catalog, suggesting no known active exploitation. However, prototype pollution can lead to subtle compromise or denial of service, so the risk is notable, especially in critical services that rely on parsed JSON."}}}}, "created": "2026-03-23T09:51:51.348530+00:00", "updated": "2026-03-27T09:21:28.002530+00:00", "vendors": ["webreflection", "webreflection$PRODUCT$flatted"]}