CVE-2026-31972

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{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"product": "samtools", "vendor": "samtools", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "< 1.21.1"}]}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com"}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:samtools:samtools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8A8A830E-A9CF-43A8-9287-01B5FBAFC490", "versionEndExcluding": "1.21.1", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "SAMtools is a program for reading, manipulating and writing bioinformatics file formats. The `mpileup` command outputs DNA sequences that have been aligned against a known reference. On each output line it writes the reference position, optionally the reference DNA base at that position (obtained from a separate file) and all of the DNA bases that aligned to that position. As the output is ordered by position, reference data that is no longer needed is discarded once it has been printed out. Under certain conditions the data could be discarded too early, leading to an attempt to read from a pointer to freed memory. This bug may allow information about program state to be leaked. It may also cause a program crash through an attempt to access invalid memory. This bug is fixed in versions 1.21.1 and 1.22. There is no workaround for this issue."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "SAMtools es un programa para leer, manipular y escribir formatos de archivo bioinform\u00e1ticos. El comando 'mpileup' genera secuencias de ADN que han sido alineadas contra una referencia conocida. En cada l\u00ednea de salida escribe la posici\u00f3n de referencia, opcionalmente la base de ADN de referencia en esa posici\u00f3n (obtenida de un archivo separado) y todas las bases de ADN que se alinearon con esa posici\u00f3n. Como la salida est\u00e1 ordenada por posici\u00f3n, los datos de referencia que ya no son necesarios se descartan una vez que se han impreso. Bajo ciertas condiciones, los datos podr\u00edan descartarse demasiado pronto, lo que llevar\u00eda a un intento de leer desde un puntero a memoria liberada. Este error puede permitir la fuga de informaci\u00f3n sobre el estado del programa. Tambi\u00e9n puede causar un fallo del programa a trav\u00e9s de un intento de acceder a memoria no v\u00e1lida. Este error est\u00e1 corregido en las versiones 1.21.1 y 1.22. No hay una soluci\u00f3n alternativa para este problema."}], "id": "CVE-2026-31972", "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:34:52.140", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}], "cvssMetricV40": [{"cvssData": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 6.9, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-31972", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "yes"}, {"technicalImpact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-03-19T14:22:51.070597Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2026-03-18T21:16:26.070", "references": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://github.com/samtools/samtools/commit/3036eb9af945fcef359427a2d359855553da4adf"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://github.com/samtools/samtools/security/advisories/GHSA-72c8-4jf3-f27p"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/03/18/11"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[0,1.21.1)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 100.0, "confidence_source": "cna", "scores": [{"score": 100.0, "source": "cna"}]}, "product": "samtools", "vendor": "samtools"}], "analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-03-19T20:51:47.183957+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Upgrade to SAMtools 1.21.1 or later", "Verify that the installed SAMtools version is 1.21.1 or later", "Monitor for relevant security advisories and patches", "If upgrade is not immediately possible, restrict access to the mpileup command to trusted users"], "summary": {"action": "Apply Patch", "impact": "Memory Disclosure / Crash"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "The vulnerability affects the samtools:samtools product (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:samtools:samtools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*). Versions released before 1.21.1 (and prior to 1.22) are vulnerable; the issue has been fixed in releases 1.21.1 and 1.22 and later.", "description_and_impact": "SAMtools\u2019 mpileup command contains a use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416). When reference data is discarded prematurely, the program may read from freed memory, leading to the disclosure of internal state or a program crash.", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 6.9 denotes moderate severity, while the EPSS score of less than 1% indicates a low likelihood of exploitation. The vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog. Based on the description, it is inferred that an attacker would need to supply crafted input to the mpileup command, implying that the attack vector most likely requires local or privileged user access to execute mpileup with malicious data."}}}}, "created": "2026-03-19T08:55:34.640035+00:00", "updated": "2026-03-25T11:52:16.860547+00:00", "vendors": ["samtools", "samtools$PRODUCT$samtools"]}