CVE-2026-31703

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This is a problem because in that case wb can get freed (no isw\nitems -> no wb reference) while the work is still pending causing\nuse-after-free issues.\n\nWe cannot just fix this by cancelling work when freeing wb because that\ncould still trigger problematic 0 -> 1 transitions on wb refcount due to\nwb_get() in inode_switch_wbs_work_fn(). It could be all handled with\nmore careful code but that seems unnecessarily complex so let's avoid\nthat until it is proven that the looping actually brings practical\nbenefit. Just remove the loop from inode_switch_wbs_work_fn() instead.\nThat way when wb_queue_isw() queues work, we are guaranteed we have\nadded the first item to wb->switch_wbs_ctxs and nobody is going to\nremove it (and drop the wb reference it holds) until the queued work\nruns."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable writeback path is reached through local filesystem dirtying/writeback and cgroup writeback switching, not by direct network packet handling.\nAC:L - The bug is a race, but an attacker with local execution in writable/delegated cgroups can create concurrent inode switch requests and cgroup writeback object teardown repeatedly.\nPR:L - Triggering requires a local unprivileged user context able to dirty files and use writable/delegated cgroups; it does not require real root-only kernel capabilities.\nUI:N - No separate victim action is required once the attacker can run local code and drive writes, fsync/sync, and cgroup activity.\nS:U - The impact remains within the kernel security authority; this is not a guest-to-host, IOMMU, or other cross-scope boundary issue.\nC:H - This is a kernel use-after-free of a bdi_writeback object containing workqueue state, and such memory corruption can be leveraged for kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - The freed object includes asynchronously executed work state, making control-flow or heap manipulation primitives defensible for integrity impact.\nA:H - At minimum, the stale pending work can dereference freed kernel memory and cause a kernel oops or panic."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["fs/fs-writeback.c"], "versions": [{"version": "d072b38a64ddbc2d58c2e525a24af24ecbfebcb7", "lessThan": 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A use-after-free vulnerability exists in the `inode_switch_wbs_work_fn()` function, part of the kernel's writeback subsystem. This issue arises when a work item remains active after its associated memory object (`wb`) has been released, leading to system instability. An attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability to cause a denial of service."}], "metrics": [{"other": {"content": {"namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/", "value": "Moderate"}, "type": "Red Hat severity rating"}}, {"cvssV3_1": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "format": "CVSS"}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-825", "description": "Expired Pointer Dereference", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "references": [{"tags": ["vdb-entry", "x_refsource_REDHAT"], "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31703"}, {"name": "RHBZ#2464385", "tags": ["issue-tracking", "x_refsource_REDHAT"], "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2464385"}, {"tags": ["x_sadp-csaf-vex"], "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-31703.json"}], "timeline": [{"lang": "en", "time": "2026-05-01T00:00:00.000Z", "value": "Reported to Red Hat."}, {"lang": "en", "time": "2026-05-01T00:00:00.000Z", "value": "Made public."}], "title": "kernel: writeback: Fix use after free in inode_switch_wbs_work_fn()", "x_adpType": "supplier", "x_generator": {"engine": "sadp-cli 1.0.0"}, "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "shortName": "redhat-SADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-20T12:32:00.881Z"}}]}}

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wb_get(new_wb);\n while (1) {\n list = llist_del_all(&new_wb->switch_wbs_ctxs);\n /* Nothing to do? */\n if (!list)\n break;\n ... process the items ...\n }\n\nNow adding of items to the list looks like:\n\nwb_queue_isw()\n if (llist_add(&isw->list, &wb->switch_wbs_ctxs))\n queue_work(isw_wq, &wb->switch_work);\n\nBecause inode_switch_wbs_work_fn() loops when processing isw items, it\ncan happen that wb->switch_work is pending while wb->switch_wbs_ctxs is\nempty. This is a problem because in that case wb can get freed (no isw\nitems -> no wb reference) while the work is still pending causing\nuse-after-free issues.\n\nWe cannot just fix this by cancelling work when freeing wb because that\ncould still trigger problematic 0 -> 1 transitions on wb refcount due to\nwb_get() in inode_switch_wbs_work_fn(). It could be all handled with\nmore careful code but that seems unnecessarily complex so let's avoid\nthat until it is proven that the looping actually brings practical\nbenefit. Just remove the loop from inode_switch_wbs_work_fn() instead.\nThat way when wb_queue_isw() queues work, we are guaranteed we have\nadded the first item to wb->switch_wbs_ctxs and nobody is going to\nremove it (and drop the wb reference it holds) until the queued work\nruns."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta: writeback: Correcci\u00f3n de uso despu\u00e9s de liberaci\u00f3n en inode_switch_wbs_work_fn() inode_switch_wbs_work_fn() tiene un bucle como: wb_get(new_wb); while (1) { list = llist_del_all( y new_wb -> switch_wbs_ctxs); /* \u00bfNada que hacer? */ if (!list) break; ... procesar los elementos ... } Ahora la adici\u00f3n de elementos a la lista se ve as\u00ed: wb_queue_isw() if (llist_add( y isw -> list, y wb -> switch_wbs_ctxs)) queue_work(isw_wq, y wb -> switch_work); Debido a que inode_switch_wbs_work_fn() itera al procesar elementos isw, puede ocurrir que wb -> switch_work est\u00e9 pendiente mientras wb -> switch_wbs_ctxs est\u00e9 vac\u00edo. Esto es un problema porque en ese caso wb puede ser liberado (sin elementos isw -> sin referencia a wb) mientras el trabajo a\u00fan est\u00e1 pendiente, causando problemas de uso despu\u00e9s de liberaci\u00f3n. No podemos simplemente solucionar esto cancelando el trabajo al liberar wb porque eso a\u00fan podr\u00eda desencadenar transiciones problem\u00e1ticas de 0 -mayor que 1 en el contador de referencias de wb debido a wb_get() en inode_switch_wbs_work_fn(). Todo podr\u00eda manejarse con un c\u00f3digo m\u00e1s cuidadoso, pero eso parece innecesariamente complejo, as\u00ed que evitemos eso hasta que se demuestre que la iteraci\u00f3n realmente aporta un beneficio pr\u00e1ctico. Simplemente eliminemos el bucle de inode_switch_wbs_work_fn() en su lugar. De esa manera, cuando wb_queue_isw() encola trabajo, se nos garantiza que hemos a\u00f1adido el primer elemento a wb -> switch_wbs_ctxs y nadie lo va a eliminar (y soltar la referencia a wb que contiene) hasta que se ejecute el trabajo encolado."}], "id": "CVE-2026-31703", "lastModified": "2026-11-11T21:10:00.200", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.0, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.0, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-05-01T14:16:20.263", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/028103656b84273c73e9e271cf95c9f3421f4b8a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/156cc63691c1f20905510b1007896e090355e6c2"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/19ec404b079be057b387643ba0c69bbcc5867c35"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/382cf81cae89e58d22b4bdc38891cd4d0b9ba921"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6689f01d6740cf358932b3e97ee968c6099800d9"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9223e5f30403a9b506d6d0bff4f2e29a2d7d46af"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-31703"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2464385"}, {"source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-31703.json"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-825"}], "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: writeback: Fix use after free in inode_switch_wbs_work_fn()", "id": "2464385", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2464385"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-825", "details": ["A flaw was found in the Linux kernel. A use-after-free vulnerability exists in the `inode_switch_wbs_work_fn()` function, part of the kernel's writeback subsystem. This issue arises when a work item remains active after its associated memory object (`wb`) has been released, leading to system instability. An attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability to cause a denial of service."], "name": "CVE-2026-31703", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2026-05-01T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31703\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31703\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026050120-CVE-2026-31703-4c22@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Important"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[e1b849cfa6b61f1c866a908c9e8dd9b5aaab820b,028103656b84273c73e9e271cf95c9f3421f4b8a)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[e1b849cfa6b61f1c866a908c9e8dd9b5aaab820b,9223e5f30403a9b506d6d0bff4f2e29a2d7d46af)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[e1b849cfa6b61f1c866a908c9e8dd9b5aaab820b,6689f01d6740cf358932b3e97ee968c6099800d9)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "6.18"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[0,6.18)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.18.25,6.19.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.0.2,7.1.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[7.1-rc1,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "created": "2026-05-01T19:45:23.956678+00:00", "updated": "2026-05-06T20:45:05.351748+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}