CVE-2026-23238

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Later, when sb_bread() attempts I/O with this oversized block\nsize, it triggers a kernel BUG in folio_set_bh():\n\n kernel BUG at fs/buffer.c:1582!\n BUG_ON(size > PAGE_SIZE);\n\nFix by checking the return value of sb_set_blocksize() and failing the\nmount with -EINVAL if it returns 0."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["fs/romfs/super.c"], "versions": [{"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "a381f0f61b35c8894b0bd0d6acef2d8f9b08b244", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "f2521ab1f63a8c244f06a080319e5ff9a2e1bd95", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "2c5829cd8fbbc91568c520b666898f57cdcb8cf6", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "cbd9931e6456822067725354d83446c5bb813030", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "9b203b8ddd7359270e8a694d0584743555128e2c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "4b71ad7676564a94ec5f7d18298f51e8ae53db73", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "ab7ad7abb3660c58ffffdf07ff3bb976e7e0afa0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["fs/romfs/super.c"], "versions": [{"version": "2.6.12", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "2.6.12", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "5.10.251", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "5.15.201", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.164", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.127", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.74", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.18.13", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.19", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.251"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.201"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.164"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.127"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.74"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.13"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12", "versionEndExcluding": "6.19"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a381f0f61b35c8894b0bd0d6acef2d8f9b08b244"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f2521ab1f63a8c244f06a080319e5ff9a2e1bd95"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c5829cd8fbbc91568c520b666898f57cdcb8cf6"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cbd9931e6456822067725354d83446c5bb813030"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9b203b8ddd7359270e8a694d0584743555128e2c"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4b71ad7676564a94ec5f7d18298f51e8ae53db73"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ab7ad7abb3660c58ffffdf07ff3bb976e7e0afa0"}], "title": "romfs: check sb_set_blocksize() return value", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}, "adp": [{"x_adpType": "supplier", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "shortName": "siemens-SADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-06-02T13:01:09.124Z"}, "affected": [{"vendor": "Siemens", "product": "RUGGEDCOM RST2428P", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "V4.0", "versionType": "custom"}], "defaultStatus": "unknown"}], "references": [{"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-253495.html"}]}]}}

{}

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"6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.6.127", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.12.74", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.18.13", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.19", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"}, {"affectedData": [{"defaultStatus": "unknown", "product": "RUGGEDCOM RST2428P", "vendor": "Siemens", "versions": [{"lessThan": "V4.0", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}]}], "source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e"}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "CABFF5E9-C52A-4642-9228-1D6E483DA497", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.251", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12.1", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": 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value\n\nromfs_fill_super() ignores the return value of sb_set_blocksize(), which\ncan fail if the requested block size is incompatible with the block\ndevice's configuration.\n\nThis can be triggered by setting a loop device's block size larger than\nPAGE_SIZE using ioctl(LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE, 32768), then mounting a romfs\nfilesystem on that device.\n\nWhen sb_set_blocksize(sb, ROMBSIZE) is called with ROMBSIZE=4096 but the\ndevice has logical_block_size=32768, bdev_validate_blocksize() fails\nbecause the requested size is smaller than the device's logical block\nsize. sb_set_blocksize() returns 0 (failure), but romfs ignores this and\ncontinues mounting.\n\nThe superblock's block size remains at the device's logical block size\n(32768). Later, when sb_bread() attempts I/O with this oversized block\nsize, it triggers a kernel BUG in folio_set_bh():\n\n kernel BUG at fs/buffer.c:1582!\n BUG_ON(size > PAGE_SIZE);\n\nFix by checking the return value of sb_set_blocksize() and failing the\nmount with -EINVAL if it returns 0."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nromfs: verificar el valor de retorno de sb_set_blocksize()\n\nromfs_fill_super() ignora el valor de retorno de sb_set_blocksize(), lo cual puede fallar si el tama\u00f1o de bloque solicitado es incompatible con la configuraci\u00f3n del dispositivo de bloques.\n\nEsto puede ser activado al establecer el tama\u00f1o de bloque de un dispositivo de bucle mayor que PAGE_SIZE usando ioctl(LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE, 32768), y luego montando un sistema de archivos romfs en ese dispositivo.\n\nCuando se llama a sb_set_blocksize(sb, ROMBSIZE) con ROMBSIZE=4096 pero el dispositivo tiene logical_block_size=32768, bdev_validate_blocksize() falla porque el tama\u00f1o solicitado es menor que el tama\u00f1o de bloque l\u00f3gico del dispositivo. sb_set_blocksize() devuelve 0 (falla), pero romfs ignora esto y contin\u00faa el montaje.\n\nEl tama\u00f1o de bloque del superbloque permanece en el tama\u00f1o de bloque l\u00f3gico del dispositivo (32768). M\u00e1s tarde, cuando sb_bread() intenta E/S con este tama\u00f1o de bloque sobredimensionado, activa un BUG del kernel en folio_set_bh():\n\n BUG del kernel en fs/buffer.c:1582!\n BUG_ON(size > PAGE_SIZE);\n\nSoluci\u00f3n al verificar el valor de retorno de sb_set_blocksize() y fallar el montaje con -EINVAL si devuelve 0."}], "id": "CVE-2026-23238", "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:21:09.830", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2026-03-04T15:16:14.530", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c5829cd8fbbc91568c520b666898f57cdcb8cf6"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4b71ad7676564a94ec5f7d18298f51e8ae53db73"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9b203b8ddd7359270e8a694d0584743555128e2c"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a381f0f61b35c8894b0bd0d6acef2d8f9b08b244"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ab7ad7abb3660c58ffffdf07ff3bb976e7e0afa0"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cbd9931e6456822067725354d83446c5bb813030"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f2521ab1f63a8c244f06a080319e5ff9a2e1bd95"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-253495.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-617"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: romfs: check sb_set_blocksize() return value", "id": "2444389", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2444389"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["No description is available for this CVE."], "name": "CVE-2026-23238", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2026-03-04T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-23238\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23238\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026030436-CVE-2026-23238-47f3@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,a381f0f61b35c8894b0bd0d6acef2d8f9b08b244)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,f2521ab1f63a8c244f06a080319e5ff9a2e1bd95)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,2c5829cd8fbbc91568c520b666898f57cdcb8cf6)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,cbd9931e6456822067725354d83446c5bb813030)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,9b203b8ddd7359270e8a694d0584743555128e2c)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,4b71ad7676564a94ec5f7d18298f51e8ae53db73)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2,ab7ad7abb3660c58ffffdf07ff3bb976e7e0afa0)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[5.10.251,5.11.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[5.15.201,5.16.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.1.164,6.2.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.6.127,6.7.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.12.74,6.13.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.18.13,6.19.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[6.19,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-17T13:11:13.861916+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Update to a kernel version that includes the romfs block\u2011size check patch. Distribution maintainers typically bundle the fix in the latest releases; apply the vendor\u2019s security update. ", "If patching cannot be applied immediately, manually recompile the kernel with the patch that adds the return\u2011value check (for example, cherry\u2011picking commit 2c5829cd8fbbc91568c520b666898f57cdcb8cf6) and install the updated kernel. ", "As a temporary workaround, avoid mounting romfs on loop devices that have been configured with a block size larger than the system\u2019s PAGE_SIZE; ensure any loop device used for romfs has a block size of 4096 bytes or less before mounting, or restrict loop device modifications to privileged users only."], "summary": {"action": "Patch", "impact": "Denial of Service"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "All kernels that contain the unpatched romfs code, including the 2.6.12 release candidates (2.6.12 rc1\u2013rc5) and the 6.19 release candidates (6.19 rc1\u2013rc7) listed by the CPE entries, are affected. The fix is already present in stable kernel releases newer than those versions.", "description_and_impact": "The Linux kernel\u2019s romfs implementation fails to honor the return value from sb_set_blocksize(). When a device with a larger logical block size is used, the function reports failure but romfs continues, leaving the superblock with an oversized block size. Subsequent reads trigger a kernel BUG, crashing the system. This leads to a denial of service. The weakness is an unchecked return value (CWE-617).", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 5.5 indicates moderate severity, while the EPSS score of less than 1% suggests a low exploitation likelihood. The attack requires local privilege to configure a loop device with the ioctl(LOOP_SET_BLOCK_SIZE) call, which normally requires root or equivalent capability. Once the device is prepared, mounting a romfs filesystem on it will crash the kernel. The vulnerability does not provide remote code execution or data exfiltration; it simply produces a kernel crash."}}}}, "created": "2026-03-04T21:03:21.790095+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-17T13:15:19.685550+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}