CVE-2026-23097

migrate: correct lock ordering for hugetlb file folios

Published Feb 4, 2026 CVSS 3.1 · 5.5 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

migrate: correct lock ordering for hugetlb file folios

Syzbot has found a deadlock (analyzed by Lance Yang):

1) Task (5749): Holds folio_lock, then tries to acquire i_mmap_rwsem(read lock).
2) Task (5754): Holds i_mmap_rwsem(write lock), then tries to acquire
folio_lock.

migrate_pages()
-> migrate_hugetlbs()
-> unmap_and_move_huge_page() <- Takes folio_lock!
-> remove_migration_ptes()
-> __rmap_walk_file()
-> i_mmap_lock_read() <- Waits for i_mmap_rwsem(read lock)!

hugetlbfs_fallocate()
-> hugetlbfs_punch_hole() <- Takes i_mmap_rwsem(write lock)!
-> hugetlbfs_zero_partial_page()
-> filemap_lock_hugetlb_folio()
-> filemap_lock_folio()
-> __filemap_get_folio <- Waits for folio_lock!

The migration path is the one taking locks in the wrong order according to
the documentation at the top of mm/rmap.c. So expand the scope of the
existing i_mmap_lock to cover the calls to remove_migration_ptes() too.

This is (mostly) how it used to be after commit c0d0381ade79. That was
removed by 336bf30eb765 for both file & anon hugetlb pages when it should
only have been removed for anon hugetlb pages.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record

Tracking

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Advisories

Source ID Title
Debian DLA Debian DLA DLA-4475-1 linux security update
Debian DLA Debian DLA DLA-4476-1 linux-6.1 security update
Debian DSA Debian DSA DSA-6126-1 linux security update
Debian DSA Debian DSA DSA-6127-1 linux security update
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8162-1 Linux kernel (NVIDIA Tegra) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8180-1 Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8180-2 Linux kernel (FIPS) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8186-1 Linux kernel (Real-time) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8187-1 Linux kernel (NVIDIA) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8188-1 Linux kernel (HWE) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8180-3 Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8180-4 Linux kernel (Azure FIPS) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8180-5 Linux kernel (IBM) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8243-1 Linux kernel (Azure) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8180-6 Linux kernel (Raspberry Pi) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8275-1 Linux kernel (Xilinx ZynqMP) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8278-1 Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8289-1 Linux kernel (NVIDIA) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8296-1 Linux kernel (FIPS) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8297-1 Linux kernel (GCP) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8296-2 Linux kernel (NVIDIA Tegra) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8278-2 Linux kernel (Azure) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8440-1 Linux kernel (Azure) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8499-1 Linux kernel (Xilinx) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8570-1 Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8594-1 Linux kernel (OEM) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8604-1 Linux kernel (Azure) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8605-1 Linux kernel (Azure CVM) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8570-2 Linux kernel (Oracle) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8289-2 Linux kernel (NVIDIA) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8393-1 Linux kernel (Azure FIPS) vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8669-1 Linux kernel (NVIDIA) vulnerabilities
History
Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-362
Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'partial'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}

Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses NVD-CWE-noinfo
CPEs cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.19:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.19:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.19:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.19:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.19:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.19:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 7.0, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H'}

cvssV3_1

{'score': 5.5, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H'}

Type Values Removed Values Added
References
Metrics threat_severity

None

cvssV3_1

{'score': 7.0, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H'}

threat_severity

Moderate

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: migrate: correct lock ordering for hugetlb file folios Syzbot has found a deadlock (analyzed by Lance Yang): 1) Task (5749): Holds folio_lock, then tries to acquire i_mmap_rwsem(read lock). 2) Task (5754): Holds i_mmap_rwsem(write lock), then tries to acquire folio_lock. migrate_pages() -> migrate_hugetlbs() -> unmap_and_move_huge_page() <- Takes folio_lock! -> remove_migration_ptes() -> __rmap_walk_file() -> i_mmap_lock_read() <- Waits for i_mmap_rwsem(read lock)! hugetlbfs_fallocate() -> hugetlbfs_punch_hole() <- Takes i_mmap_rwsem(write lock)! -> hugetlbfs_zero_partial_page() -> filemap_lock_hugetlb_folio() -> filemap_lock_folio() -> __filemap_get_folio <- Waits for folio_lock! The migration path is the one taking locks in the wrong order according to the documentation at the top of mm/rmap.c. So expand the scope of the existing i_mmap_lock to cover the calls to remove_migration_ptes() too. This is (mostly) how it used to be after commit c0d0381ade79. That was removed by 336bf30eb765 for both file & anon hugetlb pages when it should only have been removed for anon hugetlb pages.
Title migrate: correct lock ordering for hugetlb file folios
First Time appeared Linux
Linux linux Kernel
CPEs cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Linux
Linux linux Kernel
References
Weaknesses

Sources

Status
PUBLISHED
Assigner
Linux
Published
Updated
Oct 19, 2026, 6:25 PM
Reserved
Jan 13, 2026, 3:37 PM
Status
Modified
Published
Feb 4, 2026, 5:16 PM
Modified
Oct 19, 2026, 7:17 PM
Severity
Moderate
Public date
Feb 4, 2026, 12:00 AM