CVE-2026-104437

Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling

Published Oct 2, 2026 CVSS 4.0 · 8.3 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Description
Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASH_SINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts and templates via getblocktemplate, producing blocks zcashd rejects.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record

Tracking

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Advisories

No advisories available
History
Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'poc', 'Technical Impact': 'total'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}

Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Zcashfoundation
Zcashfoundation zebra
Vendors & Products Zcashfoundation
Zcashfoundation zebra
Type Values Removed Values Added
Description Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASH_SINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts and templates via getblocktemplate, producing blocks zcashd rejects.
Title Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling
First Time appeared Zfnd
Zfnd zebra
Weaknesses CWE-347
CPEs cpe:2.3:a:zfnd:zebra:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Zfnd
Zfnd zebra
References
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 7.4, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H'}

cvssV4_0

{'score': 8.3, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N'}

Weaknesses

Sources

Status
PUBLISHED
Assigner
VulnCheck
Published
Updated
Oct 6, 2026, 2:42 AM
Reserved
Oct 2, 2026, 12:50 AM
Status
Deferred
Published
Oct 2, 2026, 12:17 PM
Modified
Oct 6, 2026, 3:17 AM