CVE-2025-59840

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-59840", "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M", "dateReserved": "2025-09-22T14:34:03.471Z", "datePublished": "2025-11-13T19:54:26.256Z", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-14T16:00:05.602Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"title": "Vega Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via expressions abusing toString calls in environments using the VEGA_DEBUG global variable", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-79", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')", "type": "CWE"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.1, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}}], "references": [{"name": "https://github.com/vega/vega/security/advisories/GHSA-7f2v-3qq3-vvjf", "tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "url": "https://github.com/vega/vega/security/advisories/GHSA-7f2v-3qq3-vvjf"}], "affected": [{"vendor": "vega", "product": "vega", "versions": [{"version": "vega < 6.2.0", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "vega-expression >= 6.0.0, < 6.1.0", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "vega-expression < 5.2.1", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "vega-interpreter >= 2.0.0, < 2.2.1", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "vega-interpreter < 1.2.1", "status": "affected"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "shortName": "GitHub_M", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-13T19:54:26.256Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Vega is a visualization grammar, a declarative format for creating, saving, and sharing interactive visualization designs. In Vega prior to version 6.2.0, applications meeting 2 conditions are at risk of arbitrary JavaScript code execution, even if \"safe mode\" expressionInterpreter is used. They are vulnerable if they use `vega` in an application that attaches `vega` library and a `vega.View` instance similar to the Vega Editor to the global `window` and if they allow user-defined Vega `JSON` definitions (vs JSON that was is only provided through source code). Patches are available in the following Vega applications. If using the latest Vega line (6.x), upgrade to `vega` `6.2.0` / `vega-expression` `6.1.0` / `vega-interpreter` `2.2.1` (if using AST evaluator mode). If using Vega in a non-ESM environment, upgrade to `vega-expression` `5.2.1` / `1.2.1` (if using AST evaluator mode). Some workarounds are available. Do not attach `vega` View instances to global variables, and do not attach `vega` to the global window. These practices of attaching the vega library and View instances may be convenient for debugging, but should not be used in production or in any situation where vega/vega-lite definitions could be provided by untrusted parties."}], "source": {"advisory": "GHSA-7f2v-3qq3-vvjf", "discovery": "UNKNOWN"}}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2025-11-14T15:59:50.261188Z", "id": "CVE-2025-59840", "options": [{"Exploitation": "poc"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-14T16:00:05.602Z"}}]}}

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{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"product": "vega", "vendor": "vega", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "vega < 6.2.0"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "vega-expression >= 6.0.0, < 6.1.0"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "vega-expression < 5.2.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "vega-interpreter >= 2.0.0, < 2.2.1"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "vega-interpreter < 1.2.1"}]}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Vega is a visualization grammar, a declarative format for creating, saving, and sharing interactive visualization designs. In Vega prior to version 6.2.0, applications meeting 2 conditions are at risk of arbitrary JavaScript code execution, even if \"safe mode\" expressionInterpreter is used. They are vulnerable if they use `vega` in an application that attaches `vega` library and a `vega.View` instance similar to the Vega Editor to the global `window` and if they allow user-defined Vega `JSON` definitions (vs JSON that was is only provided through source code). Patches are available in the following Vega applications. If using the latest Vega line (6.x), upgrade to `vega` `6.2.0` / `vega-expression` `6.1.0` / `vega-interpreter` `2.2.1` (if using AST evaluator mode). If using Vega in a non-ESM environment, upgrade to `vega-expression` `5.2.1` / `1.2.1` (if using AST evaluator mode). Some workarounds are available. Do not attach `vega` View instances to global variables, and do not attach `vega` to the global window. These practices of attaching the vega library and View instances may be convenient for debugging, but should not be used in production or in any situation where vega/vega-lite definitions could be provided by untrusted parties."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "Vega es una gram\u00e1tica de visualizaci\u00f3n, un formato declarativo para crear, guardar y compartir dise\u00f1os de visualizaci\u00f3n interactivos. En Vega Versiones anteriores a la versi\u00f3n 6.2.0, las aplicaciones que cumplen 2 condiciones est\u00e1n en riesgo de ejecuci\u00f3n arbitraria de c\u00f3digo JavaScript, incluso si se utiliza el expressionInterpreter en \u201cmodo seguro\u201d. Son vulnerables si utilizan 'vega' en una aplicaci\u00f3n que adjunta la biblioteca 'vega' y una instancia de 'vega.View' similar al Editor de Vega a la 'window' global y si permiten definiciones 'JSON' de Vega definidas por el usuario (frente a JSON que solo se proporciona a trav\u00e9s del c\u00f3digo fuente). Los parches est\u00e1n disponibles en las siguientes aplicaciones de Vega. Si utiliza la \u00faltima l\u00ednea de Vega (6.x), actualice a 'vega' '6.2.0' / 'vega-expression' '6.1.0' / 'vega-interpreter' '2.2.1' (si utiliza el modo de evaluador AST). Si utiliza Vega en un entorno que no sea ESM, actualice a 'vega-expression' '5.2.1' / '1.2.1' (si utiliza el modo de evaluador AST). Algunas soluciones alternativas est\u00e1n disponibles. No adjunte instancias de 'vega' View a variables globales, y no adjunte 'vega' a la 'window' global. Estas pr\u00e1cticas de adjuntar la biblioteca 'vega' y las instancias de View pueden ser convenientes para la depuraci\u00f3n, pero no deben utilizarse en producci\u00f3n ni en ninguna situaci\u00f3n en la que las definiciones de vega/vega-lite puedan ser proporcionadas por partes no confiables."}], "id": "CVE-2025-59840", "lastModified": "2026-10-19T13:10:00.110", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.1, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.2, "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2025-59840", "options": [{"exploitation": "poc"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2025-11-14T15:59:50.261188Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2025-11-13T20:15:51.210", "references": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/vega/vega/security/advisories/GHSA-7f2v-3qq3-vvjf"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com", "vulnStatus": "Deferred", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-79"}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "vega: vega-expression: vega-interpreter: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via expressions abusing toString calls in environments using the VEGA_DEBUG global variable", "id": "2414907", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2414907"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "8.1", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-79", "details": ["A cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability has been identified in the Vega visualization library when applications accept user-supplied Vega specifications and expose Vega objects on the global browser window. An attacker can craft a malicious Vega specification that triggers hidden JavaScript execution through a toString() side effect, leading to DOM-based XSS that may appear reflected or stored depending on how the library is used. When a user opens or interacts with the malicious spec, arbitrary JavaScript executes in the application\u2019s domain, allowing an attacker to steal authentication tokens, manipulate displayed data, or perform unauthorized actions on behalf of the victim, compromising both the confidentiality and integrity of affected applications."], "mitigation": {"lang": "en:us", "value": "Do not attach ```vega``` or ```vega.View``` instances to global objects (e.g., ```window```). Remove any VEGA_DEBUG helpers or debugging hooks from production builds.\nThese mitigations reduce but do not fully eliminate risk, because the underlying vulnerability exists in the expression evaluation design."}, "name": "CVE-2025-59840", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-logging/elasticsearch6-rhel9", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-logging/elasticsearch-operator-bundle", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-logging/elasticsearch-proxy-rhel9", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-logging/elasticsearch-rhel9-operator", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-logging/kibana6-rhel8", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "openshift-logging/logging-curator5-rhel9", "product_name": "Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift"}], "public_date": "2025-11-13T19:54:26Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-59840\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59840\nhttps://github.com/vega/vega/security/advisories/GHSA-7f2v-3qq3-vvjf"], "threat_severity": "Important"}

{"created": "2025-11-14T09:27:49.677990+00:00", "updated": "2025-11-14T09:27:49.678025+00:00", "vendors": ["vega_project", "vega_project$PRODUCT$vega"]}