CVE-2025-59789

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-59789", "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "apache", "dateReserved": "2025-09-20T06:17:58.940Z", "datePublished": "2025-12-01T10:22:41.697Z", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T15:05:18.284Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"affected": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "Apache bRPC", "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation", "versions": [{"lessThan": "1.15.0", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "semver"}]}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "value": "Tyler Zars"}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version &lt; 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.<br><br>Root Cause:<br>The bRPC&nbsp;json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.<br><br>Affected Scenarios:<br>Use bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use&nbsp;JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from&nbsp;untrusted input.\n\n<br><br>How to Fix: <br>(<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">Choose one of the following options)&nbsp;</span><br>1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.<br><span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2. Apply this patch: </span><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099\">https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099</a>\n\n<br><br>Note:<br>No matter which option \n\n<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">you choose</span>, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:&nbsp;\n\n<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">ProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.</span>\n\n If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit."}], "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version < 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.\n\nRoot Cause:\nThe bRPC\u00a0json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.\n\nAffected Scenarios:\nUse bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use\u00a0JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from\u00a0untrusted input.\n\n\n\nHow to Fix: \n(Choose one of the following options)\u00a0\n1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.\n2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099 \n\n\n\nNote:\nNo matter which option \n\nyou choose, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:\u00a0\n\nProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.\n\n If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit."}], "metrics": [{"other": {"content": {"text": "critical"}, "type": "Textual description of severity"}}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-674", "description": "CWE-674 Uncontrolled Recursion", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09", "shortName": "apache", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T10:22:41.697Z"}, "references": [{"tags": ["vendor-advisory"], "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/ozmcsztcpxn61jxod8jo8q46jo0oc1zx"}], "source": {"discovery": "EXTERNAL"}, "title": "Apache bRPC: Stack Exhaustion via Unbounded Recursion in JSON Parser", "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"}}, "adp": [{"title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/01/1"}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T11:05:54.538Z"}}, {"metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.5, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE"}}, {"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2025-12-01T15:04:16.305638Z", "id": "CVE-2025-59789", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "yes"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T15:05:18.284Z"}}]}}

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "containers": {"adp": [{"title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/01/1"}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T11:05:54.538Z"}}, {"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.5, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE"}}, {"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2025-59789", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "yes"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-12-01T15:04:16.305638Z"}}}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T15:04:46.321Z"}}], "cna": {"title": "Apache bRPC: Stack Exhaustion via Unbounded Recursion in JSON Parser", "source": {"discovery": "EXTERNAL"}, "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "value": "Tyler Zars"}], "metrics": [{"other": {"type": "Textual description of severity", "content": {"text": "critical"}}}], "affected": [{"vendor": "Apache Software Foundation", "product": "Apache bRPC", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "1.15.0", "versionType": "semver"}], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}], "references": [{"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/ozmcsztcpxn61jxod8jo8q46jo0oc1zx", "tags": ["vendor-advisory"]}], "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version < 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.\n\nRoot Cause:\nThe bRPC\u00a0json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.\n\nAffected Scenarios:\nUse bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use\u00a0JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from\u00a0untrusted input.\n\n\n\nHow to Fix: \n(Choose one of the following options)\u00a0\n1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.\n2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099 \n\n\n\nNote:\nNo matter which option \n\nyou choose, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:\u00a0\n\nProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.\n\n If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version &lt; 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.<br><br>Root Cause:<br>The bRPC&nbsp;json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.<br><br>Affected Scenarios:<br>Use bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use&nbsp;JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from&nbsp;untrusted input.\n\n<br><br>How to Fix: <br>(<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">Choose one of the following options)&nbsp;</span><br>1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.<br><span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2. Apply this patch: </span><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099\">https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099</a>\n\n<br><br>Note:<br>No matter which option \n\n<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">you choose</span>, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:&nbsp;\n\n<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">ProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.</span>\n\n If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit.", "base64": false}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-674", "description": "CWE-674 Uncontrolled Recursion"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09", "shortName": "apache", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T10:22:41.697Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-59789", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T15:05:18.284Z", "dateReserved": "2025-09-20T06:17:58.940Z", "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09", "datePublished": "2025-12-01T10:22:41.697Z", "assignerShortName": "apache"}, "dataVersion": "5.2"}

{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "Apache bRPC", "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation", "versions": [{"lessThan": "1.15.0", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "semver"}]}], "source": "security@apache.org"}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:apache:brpc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8FC82429-4B83-4132-A67A-146ABA8A0F27", "versionEndExcluding": "1.15.0", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version < 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.\n\nRoot Cause:\nThe bRPC\u00a0json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.\n\nAffected Scenarios:\nUse bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use\u00a0JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from\u00a0untrusted input.\n\n\n\nHow to Fix: \n(Choose one of the following options)\u00a0\n1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.\n2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099 \n\n\n\nNote:\nNo matter which option \n\nyou choose, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:\u00a0\n\nProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.\n\n If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "La recursi\u00f3n incontrolada en el componente json2pb de Apache bRPC (versi\u00f3n < 1.15.0) en todas las plataformas permite a atacantes remotos colapsar el servidor enviando datos JSON recursivos profundos.\n\nCausa Ra\u00edz:\nEl componente bRPC json2pb utiliza rapidjson para analizar datos JSON de la red. El analizador de rapidjson utiliza un m\u00e9todo de an\u00e1lisis recursivo por defecto. Si el JSON de entrada tiene una gran profundidad de estructura recursiva, la funci\u00f3n del analizador puede sufrir un desbordamiento de pila.\n\nEscenarios Afectados:\nUsar el servidor bRPC con mensajes protobuf para atender solicitudes HTTP+JSON de una red no confiable. O usar directamente JsonToProtoMessage para convertir JSON de entrada no confiable.\n\nC\u00f3mo Solucionar:\n(Elija una de las siguientes opciones)\n1. Actualice bRPC a la versi\u00f3n 1.15.0, lo que soluciona este problema.\n2. Aplique este parche: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099\n\nNota:\nNo importa qu\u00e9 opci\u00f3n elija, debe saber que la soluci\u00f3n introduce un l\u00edmite de profundidad de recursi\u00f3n con un valor predeterminado de 100. Afecta a estas funciones: ProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage y ProtoJsonToProtoMessage. Si sus solicitudes contienen mensajes JSON o protobuf que tienen una profundidad que excede el l\u00edmite, la solicitud fallar\u00e1 despu\u00e9s de aplicar la soluci\u00f3n. Puede modificar el gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth para cambiar el l\u00edmite."}], "id": "CVE-2025-59789", "lastModified": "2026-10-18T20:10:00.110", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2025-59789", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "yes"}, {"technicalImpact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2025-12-01T15:04:16.305638Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2025-12-01T11:15:48.377", "references": [{"source": "security@apache.org", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Patch", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/ozmcsztcpxn61jxod8jo8q46jo0oc1zx"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/01/1"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security@apache.org", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-674"}], "source": "security@apache.org", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{}

{"created": "2025-12-01T15:17:50.412182+00:00", "updated": "2025-12-01T15:17:50.412284+00:00", "vendors": ["apache", "apache$PRODUCT$brpc"]}