CVE-2025-55003

OpenBao Login MFA Bypasses Rate Limiting and TOTP Token Reuse

Published Aug 9, 2025 CVSS 3.1 · 5.7 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Description
OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, OpenBao's Login Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) system allows enforcing MFA using Time-based One Time Password (TOTP). Due to normalization applied by the underlying TOTP library, codes were accepted which could contain whitespace; this whitespace could bypass internal rate limiting of the MFA method and allow reuse of existing MFA codes. This issue was fixed in version 2.3.2. To work around this, use of rate-limiting quotas can limit an attacker's ability to exploit this: https://openbao.org/api-docs/system/rate-limit-quotas/.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record

Tracking

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Advisories

Source ID Title
EUVD EUVD EUVD-2025-24032 OpenBao Login MFA Bypass of Rate Limiting and TOTP Token Reuse
Github GHSA Github GHSA GHSA-rxp7-9q75-vj3p OpenBao Login MFA Bypass of Rate Limiting and TOTP Token Reuse
History
Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Openbao
Openbao openbao
CPEs cpe:2.3:a:openbao:openbao:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Openbao
Openbao openbao
Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Openbao Project
Openbao Project openbao
Vendors & Products Openbao Project
Openbao Project openbao
Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'partial'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, OpenBao's Login Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) system allows enforcing MFA using Time-based One Time Password (TOTP). Due to normalization applied by the underlying TOTP library, codes were accepted which could contain whitespace; this whitespace could bypass internal rate limiting of the MFA method and allow reuse of existing MFA codes. This issue was fixed in version 2.3.2. To work around this, use of rate-limiting quotas can limit an attacker's ability to exploit this: https://openbao.org/api-docs/system/rate-limit-quotas/.
Title OpenBao Login MFA Bypasses Rate Limiting and TOTP Token Reuse
Weaknesses CWE-307
References
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 5.7, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N'}

Weaknesses

Sources

Status
PUBLISHED
Assigner
GitHub_M
Published
Updated
Aug 11, 2025, 2:47 PM
Reserved
Aug 4, 2025, 5:34 PM
Status
Analyzed
Published
Aug 9, 2025, 3:15 AM
Modified
Jun 17, 2026, 9:41 AM