CVE-2025-5372

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Due to inconsistent interpretation of return values where OpenSSL uses 0 to indicate failure and libssh uses 0 for success\u2014the function may mistakenly return a success status even when key derivation fails. This results in uninitialized cryptographic key buffers being used in subsequent communication, potentially compromising SSH sessions' confidentiality, integrity, and availability."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "Se encontr\u00f3 una falla en las versiones de libssh compiladas con versiones de OpenSSL anteriores a la 3.0, espec\u00edficamente en la funci\u00f3n ssh_kdf(), responsable de la derivaci\u00f3n de claves. Debido a la interpretaci\u00f3n inconsistente de los valores de retorno, donde OpenSSL usa 0 para indicar un fallo y libssh usa 0 para \u00e9xito, la funci\u00f3n puede devolver err\u00f3neamente un estado de \u00e9xito incluso cuando la derivaci\u00f3n de claves falla. Esto provoca que se utilicen b\u00faferes de claves criptogr\u00e1ficas sin inicializar en comunicaciones posteriores, lo que podr\u00eda comprometer la confidencialidad, integridad y disponibilidad de las sesiones SSH."}], "id": "CVE-2025-5372", "lastModified": "2026-11-05T16:17:21.680", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "LOW", "baseScore": 5.0, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.6, "impactScore": 3.4, "source": "secalert@redhat.com", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2025-5372", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2025-07-08T14:08:57.301926Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2025-07-04T06:15:24.930", "references": [{"source": "secalert@redhat.com", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:21977"}, {"source": "secalert@redhat.com", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23024"}, {"source": "secalert@redhat.com", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20610"}, {"source": "secalert@redhat.com", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:24349"}, {"source": "secalert@redhat.com", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25911"}, {"source": "secalert@redhat.com", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-5372"}, {"source": "secalert@redhat.com", "tags": ["Issue Tracking", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2369388"}], "sourceIdentifier": "secalert@redhat.com", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-682"}], "source": "secalert@redhat.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "libssh: Incorrect Return Code Handling in ssh_kdf() in libssh", "id": "2369388", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2369388"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-682", "details": ["A flaw was found in libssh versions built with OpenSSL versions older than 3.0, specifically in the ssh_kdf() function responsible for key derivation. Due to inconsistent interpretation of return values where OpenSSL uses 0 to indicate failure and libssh uses 0 for success\u2014the function may mistakenly return a success status even when key derivation fails. This results in uninitialized cryptographic key buffers being used in subsequent communication, potentially compromising SSH sessions' confidentiality, integrity, and availability.", "A flaw was found in libssh versions built with OpenSSL versions older than 3.0, specifically in the ssh_kdf() function responsible for key derivation. Due to inconsistent interpretation of return values where OpenSSL uses 0 to indicate failure and libssh uses 0 for success\u2014the function may mistakenly return a success status even when key derivation fails. This results in uninitialized cryptographic key buffers being used in subsequent communication, potentially compromising SSH sessions' confidentiality, integrity, and availability."], "mitigation": {"lang": "en:us", "value": "To mitigate this issue, administrators should ensure that libssh is built against OpenSSL version 3.0 or later. This change eliminates the return code mismatch and prevents the erroneous use of uninitialized key material. It is also strongly recommended to apply vendor supplied patches or update to the latest libssh security release as soon as possible."}, "name": "CVE-2025-5372", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "libssh", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "libssh2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "libssh2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "libssh", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "libssh", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "rhcos", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}], "public_date": "2025-06-24T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-5372\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5372"], "statement": "The Red Hat Product Security team has assessed the severity of this vulnerability as Moderate due to the combination of limited prerequisites and its impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability is only present when libssh is built with OpenSSL versions older than 3.0. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to initiate cryptographic operations using uninitialized keys, which may compromise secure SSH sessions.", "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-28T01:12:15.638088+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Apply the Red\u00a0Hat errata RHSA-2025:21977 and RHSA-2025:23024 (or the equivalent vendor patch) to update libssh.", "Ensure libssh is built against OpenSSL 3.0 or later; if the distribution package still links to an older OpenSSL, rebuild the library accordingly.", "Restart all SSH services after updating or rebuilding the library so the corrected key\u2011derivation logic is loaded."], "summary": {"action": "Patch ASAP", "impact": "Potential compromise of SSH session confidentiality, integrity, and availability."}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "This vulnerability applies to any system that ships an older build of libssh linked to OpenSSL below 3.0. Red\u00a0Hat Enterprise\u00a0Linux 6,\u00a07,\u00a08,\u00a09,\u00a010, as well as the 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions, are all affected. Red\u00a0Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 also contains the vulnerable libssh component, and standalone libssh libraries distributed with older OpenSSL versions are impacted as well.", "description_and_impact": "A flaw in libssh's key derivation function, triggered when built with OpenSSL before version 3.0, causes the library to misinterpret success and failure codes. When key derivation fails, the function returns a success status, allowing an SSH session to proceed with uninitialized key material. This reuse of invalid keys can undermine the encryption used by the session, leading to confidentiality, integrity, and availability problems for the affected SSH connections. The weakness is a classic incorrect error handling flaw, mapped to CWE-682.", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 5.0 indicates medium severity. The EPSS score of less than 1% suggests a very low current exploitation probability, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog. Because the flaw lies at the core of SSH key establishment, a remote attacker able to manipulate the key exchange could potentially hijack or downgrade sessions. The attack vector is inferred to be remote, involving malicious SSH clients or servers that trigger the mis\u2011handled key derivation. Systems using the affected library remain vulnerable until patched or rebuilt against a recent OpenSSL."}}}}, "created": "2026-04-28T01:15:15.675587+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-28T01:15:15.675603+00:00", "vendors": []}