CVE-2025-43520

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{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"product": "iOS and iPadOS", "vendor": "Apple", "versions": [{"lessThan": "18.7.2", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}, {"lessThan": "26.1", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}]}, {"product": "macOS", "vendor": "Apple", "versions": [{"lessThan": "14.8.2", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}, {"lessThan": "15.7.2", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}, {"lessThan": "26.1", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}]}, {"product": "tvOS", "vendor": "Apple", "versions": [{"lessThan": "26.1", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}]}, {"product": "visionOS", "vendor": "Apple", "versions": [{"lessThan": "26.1", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}]}, {"product": "watchOS", "vendor": "Apple", "versions": [{"lessThan": "26.1", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}]}], "source": "product-security@apple.com"}], "cisaActionDue": "2026-04-03", "cisaExploitAdd": "2026-03-20", "cisaRequiredAction": "Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.", "cisaVulnerabilityName": "Apple Multiple Products Classic Buffer Overflow Vulnerability", "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "819E8F86-A336-49A2-853F-249459279A59", "versionEndExcluding": "18.7.2", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:26.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "4173F942-2CF6-447E-A942-948F6EF6CE77", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "7B98B4A6-EFB0-4651-BF56-06917E7CEC85", "versionEndExcluding": "18.7.2", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:26.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "E29A276A-7091-42B2-B893-6A5801A0716E", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "9827CBDC-8C03-46BA-B534-8533F0975804", "versionEndExcluding": "14.8.2", "versionStartIncluding": "14.0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "4BE8199E-63D1-496C-B107-52853CFC2311", "versionEndExcluding": "15.7.2", "versionStartIncluding": "15.0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:26.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "551159EE-8311-4A13-802D-85871DAB5E77", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "290E0D29-CB5B-45A7-9FE3-FD2030B1D1A4", "versionEndExcluding": "26.1", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "7DFD3616-65CA-4E5C-849C-3C20ACBCB610", "versionEndExcluding": "26.1", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "9F9D7F76-13FB-407C-94E5-221B93021568", "versionEndExcluding": "26.1", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Sonoma 14.8.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1, tvOS 26.1, visionOS 26.1, watchOS 26.1. A malicious application may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "Un problema de corrupci\u00f3n de memoria fue abordado con un manejo de memoria mejorado. Este problema est\u00e1 solucionado en watchOS 26.1, iOS 18.7.2 y iPadOS 18.7.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1, visionOS 26.1, tvOS 26.1, macOS Sonoma 14.8.2, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, iOS 26.1 y iPadOS 26.1. Una aplicaci\u00f3n maliciosa podr\u00eda causar la terminaci\u00f3n inesperada del sistema o escribir memoria del kernel."}], "id": "CVE-2025-43520", "lastModified": "2026-10-07T11:10:00.153", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2025-43520", "options": [{"exploitation": "active"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-03-21T04:01:02.724402Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2025-12-12T21:15:56.830", "references": [{"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Release Notes", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125632"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Release Notes", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125633"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Release Notes", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Release Notes", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125635"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Release Notes", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125636"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Release Notes", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125637"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Release Notes", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125638"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Release Notes", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125639"}, {"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "tags": ["Technical Description"], "url": "https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/darksword-ios-exploit-chain/"}, {"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "tags": ["US Government Resource"], "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-43520"}], "sourceIdentifier": "product-security@apple.com", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-120"}], "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{}

{"analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-27T22:40:15.563266+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Upgrade to the latest patched versions of iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS (e.g., iOS\u202f18.7.2, iPadOS\u202f18.7.2, iOS\u202f26.1, iPadOS\u202f26.1, macOS\u202fSequoia\u202f15.7.2, macOS\u202fSonoma\u202f14.8.2, macOS\u202fTahoe\u202f26.1, tvOS\u202f26.1, visionOS\u202f26.1, and watchOS\u202f26.1) if you are currently running an older OS.", "Configure devices to automatically install system updates and restrict the installation of apps to the official App Store to reduce exposure to malicious code.", "Monitor Apple\u2019s security advisories and CISA KEV updates for any new mitigation guidance or additional exposure data."], "summary": {"action": "Immediate Patch", "impact": "Kernel memory corruption with potential system termination"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "Apple products \u2013 iOS, iPadOS, macOS (Sequoia\u202f15.7.2, Sonoma\u202f14.8.2, Tahoe\u202f26.1), tvOS\u202f26.1, visionOS\u202f26.1, and watchOS\u202f26.1 \u2013 are affected, with the vulnerability present in all versions prior to those listed.", "description_and_impact": "A memory corruption flaw identified as a buffer overflow (CWE\u2011120) allows a malicious application to overwrite kernel memory. The improper handling of memory can trigger unexpected system termination or enable the attacker to write arbitrary data to the kernel, potentially destabilizing the device or granting elevated privileges. The issue was corrected in Apple\u2019s later OS releases, but devices running earlier versions remain vulnerable.", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 5.5 places the flaw in the medium range, and the EPSS score of less than 1\u202f% indicates a low probability of exploitation. Nonetheless, the vulnerability is listed in the CISA KEV catalog, reflecting confirmed exploitation in the wild. The attack most likely requires a malicious application installed on the device; no remote or network\u2011based vector is documented, so the threat is limited to local exploitation scenarios."}}}}, "created": "2025-12-14T21:15:57.289362+00:00", "title": "Memory Corruption Leading to Kernel Write and Unexpected System Termination", "updated": "2026-04-27T22:45:15.486857+00:00", "vendors": ["apple", "apple$PRODUCT$ios", "apple$PRODUCT$ipad_os", "apple$PRODUCT$macos", "apple$PRODUCT$macos_sequoia", "apple$PRODUCT$macos_sonoma", "apple$PRODUCT$macos_tahoe", "apple$PRODUCT$tvos", "apple$PRODUCT$visionos", "apple$PRODUCT$watchos"]}