CVE-2025-4091

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{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"product": "Firefox", "vendor": "Mozilla", "versions": [{"lessThanOrEqual": "128.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "128.10", "versionType": "rpm"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "138", "versionType": "rpm"}]}, {"product": "Thunderbird", "vendor": "Mozilla", "versions": [{"lessThanOrEqual": "128.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "128.10", "versionType": "rpm"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "138", "versionType": "rpm"}]}], "source": "security@mozilla.org"}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "3378E5EE-9ABF-444B-AA88-9EAF8D8058DE", "versionEndExcluding": "128.10", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "EB8A8C7B-B65D-4DF5-BDB5-0C3C4E2DB72C", "versionEndExcluding": "138.0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "DC19822B-CC07-4C6F-BAAD-C7A9C4E73FA9", "versionEndExcluding": "128.10.0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "D1E8CCF1-4E91-44CC-A652-B23D1337A485", "versionEndExcluding": "138.0", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, Thunderbird 138, and Thunderbird 128.10."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "Errores de seguridad de memoria presentes en Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9 y Thunderbird 128.9. Algunos de estos errores mostraron evidencia de corrupci\u00f3n de memoria y presumimos que, con suficiente esfuerzo, algunos de ellos podr\u00edan haberse explotado para ejecutar c\u00f3digo arbitrario. Esta vulnerabilidad afecta a Firefox menor que 138, Firefox ESR menor que 128.10, Thunderbird menor que 138 y Thunderbird ESR menor que 128.10."}], "id": "CVE-2025-4091", "lastModified": "2026-10-05T15:10:00.590", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.1, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.2, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2025-4091", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2025-04-29T15:36:41.850174Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2025-04-29T14:15:35.717", "references": [{"source": "security@mozilla.org", "tags": ["Broken Link"], "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1951161%2C1952105"}, {"source": "security@mozilla.org", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-28/"}, {"source": "security@mozilla.org", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-29/"}, {"source": "security@mozilla.org", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-31/"}, {"source": "security@mozilla.org", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-32/"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00024.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security@mozilla.org", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-119"}], "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}]}

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"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8", "release_date": "2025-05-12T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7547", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.2", "package": "firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el8_2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support", "release_date": "2025-05-14T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7693", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.2", "package": "thunderbird-0:128.10.0-1.el8_2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support", "release_date": "2025-05-15T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7545", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4", "package": "firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el8_4", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support", "release_date": "2025-05-14T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7691", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4", "package": "thunderbird-0:128.10.0-1.el8_4", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support", "release_date": "2025-05-15T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7545", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.4", "package": "firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el8_4", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service", "release_date": "2025-05-14T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7691", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.4", "package": "thunderbird-0:128.10.0-1.el8_4", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service", "release_date": "2025-05-15T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7545", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.4", "package": "firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el8_4", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions", "release_date": "2025-05-14T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7691", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.4", "package": "thunderbird-0:128.10.0-1.el8_4", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions", "release_date": "2025-05-15T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7544", "cpe": 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"firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el8_6", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutions", "release_date": "2025-05-14T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7690", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.6", "package": "thunderbird-0:128.10.0-1.el8_6", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutions", "release_date": "2025-05-15T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7543", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:8.8", "package": "firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el8_8", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Extended Update Support", "release_date": "2025-05-14T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7689", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:8.8", "package": "thunderbird-0:128.10.0-1.el8_8", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Extended Update Support", "release_date": "2025-05-15T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:4443", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "package": "firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el9_5", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9", "release_date": "2025-05-05T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:4460", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "package": "thunderbird-0:128.10.0-1.el9_5", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9", "release_date": "2025-05-05T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7428", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "package": "firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el9_6", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9", "release_date": "2025-05-13T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:4753", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.0", "package": "firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el9_0", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions", "release_date": "2025-05-08T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7692", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.0", "package": "thunderbird-0:128.10.0-1.el9_0", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions", "release_date": "2025-05-15T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:4752", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.2", "package": "firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el9_2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Support", "release_date": "2025-05-08T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7694", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.2", "package": "thunderbird-0:128.10.0-1.el9_2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Support", "release_date": "2025-05-15T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:4756", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.4", "package": "firefox-0:128.10.0-1.el9_4", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support", "release_date": "2025-05-08T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2025:7695", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.4", "package": "thunderbird-0:128.10.0-1.el9_4", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support", "release_date": "2025-05-15T00:00:00Z"}], "bugzilla": {"description": "firefox: thunderbird: Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 138, Thunderbird 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, and Thunderbird 128.10", "id": "2362912", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2362912"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "verified"}, "cwe": "CWE-120", "details": ["Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 138, Firefox ESR < 128.10, Thunderbird < 138, and Thunderbird < 128.10.", "A flaw was found in Firefox. The Mozilla Foundation's Security Advisory describes the following issue: Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption, and we presume that with enough effort, some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code."], "name": "CVE-2025-4091", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "firefox-flatpak-container", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "thunderbird-flatpak-container", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "firefox", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "thunderbird", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "thunderbird", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "firefox-flatpak-container", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "thunderbird-flatpak-container", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-04-29T13:13:48Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4091\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4091\nhttps://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1951161%2C1952105\nhttps://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-28/\nhttps://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-29/\nhttps://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-31/\nhttps://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-32/"], "statement": "Red Hat Product Security rates the severity of this flaw as determined by the Mozilla Foundation Security Advisory.", "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-20T20:32:45.811200+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Update Mozilla Firefox to version 138 or later, or to Firefox ESR 128.10 if using the extended support release.", "Update Mozilla Thunderbird to version 138 or later, or to Thunderbird ESR 128.10 if using the extended support release.", "On Red\u00a0Hat Enterprise Linux systems, run the distribution package manager to install the latest security updates for the Firefox and Thunderbird packages, ensuring the host operating system is fully patched for any ancillary libraries that could interact with the browsers."], "summary": {"action": "Patch Immediately", "impact": "Remote Code Execution"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "Vulnerable to hosts running Mozilla Firefox 137, Firefox ESR 128.9, Mozilla Thunderbird 137, and Thunderbird ESR 128.9. Those same vulnerable packages may also exist on Red\u00a0Hat Enterprise Linux 8, 9, and various update streams; remediation requires updating the browser or Thunderbird packages to the fixed releases. The CVE does not affect later releases such as Firefox 138 or Firefox ESR 128.10, which contain the patch.", "description_and_impact": "Memory safety bugs in Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird allow memory corruption and, with sufficient effort, could lead to arbitrary code execution by an attacker. The vulnerability permits compromise of an affected system\u2019s confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially enabling full system takeover. The weakness originates from improper bounds checking (CWE-119) and memory management errors (CWE-120).", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 8.1 indicates high severity, and the EPSS score of less than 1% suggests a low likelihood of exploitation at present. The vulnerability is not recorded in the CISA KEV catalog, reflecting its relative novelty and low exploitation risk. However, once the bug is sufficiently understood, an attacker could craft a malicious web page or e\u2011mail that triggers the memory corruption, leveraging the bug to execute code. Because the description does not specify a particular network or local vector, the attack may require direct user interaction with a vulnerable document or web page. Given the high potential impact and the low current EPSS, organizations should treat the issue as a high\u2011risk priority yet monitor for new exploit activity."}}}}, "created": "2026-04-20T20:45:16.929253+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-20T20:45:16.929263+00:00", "vendors": []}