CVE-2025-4089

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{"bugzilla": {"description": "firefox: thunderbird: Potential local code execution in \"copy as cURL\" command", "id": "2362910", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2362910"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "6.3", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-138", "details": ["Due to insufficient escaping of special characters in the \"copy as cURL\" feature, an attacker could trick a user into using this command, potentially leading to local code execution on the user's system. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 138 and Thunderbird < 138."], "name": "CVE-2025-4089", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "firefox", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "firefox-flatpak-container", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "thunderbird", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "thunderbird-flatpak-container", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "firefox", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "thunderbird", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "firefox", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "thunderbird", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "firefox", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "thunderbird", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "firefox", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "firefox-flatpak-container", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "thunderbird", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "thunderbird-flatpak-container", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-04-29T13:13:45Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4089\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4089\nhttps://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1949994%2C1956698%2C1960198\nhttps://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-28/\nhttps://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-31/"], "statement": "Red Hat Product Security rates the severity of this flaw as determined by the Mozilla Foundation Security Advisory.", "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-21T21:03:59.122147+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Apply the official patch in Firefox 138 or later or newer Thunderbird releases, which corrects the escaping flaw identified as CWE-138 and mitigates OS command injection (CWE-77).", "If upgrading immediately is not possible, disable the \"copy as cURL\" feature entirely to eliminate the injection vector\u2014removing or hiding the context\u2011menu entry ensures the malicious command string can never be generated by the browser.", "Restrict user privileges to the minimum necessary for web browsing; running the browser under a non\u2011privileged user account limits the damage that could result from inadvertent execution of a malicious command."], "summary": {"action": "Patch Immediately", "impact": "Local Code Execution"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "The vulnerability affects Mozilla Firefox and Mozilla Thunderbird browsers. Both products were patched in their 138th release, rendering all versions prior to 138 susceptible to the flaw. No other browsers or products are known to be impacted.", "description_and_impact": "Mozilla\u2019s copy as cURL functionality does not escape certain special characters properly, allowing an attacker to embed malicious code into the generated command string. If a user copies that command and executes it in a terminal or shell, the payload can run with the user\u2019s privileges, resulting in local code execution on the host system. This breach would give the attacker full control over the compromised machine, enabling further attack steps such as persistence, data exfiltration, or lateral movement. The flaw represents a classic instance of CWE-138 (Improper Escaping of Special Characters) and CWE-77 (OS Command Injection).", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 5.1 places the weakness in the medium severity band, while the EPSS score of less than 1% indicates a very low probability of exploitation in the wild. Because the attack requires a user to run the copied command, it relies on social engineering; an attacker must first lure a user into executing the code. The vulnerability is not listed in CISA\u2019s KEV catalog. Nonetheless, local code execution represents a high\u2011impact outcome for the affected user and should not be dismissed."}}}}, "created": "2026-04-21T21:15:45.445067+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-21T21:15:45.445078+00:00", "vendors": []}