CVE-2025-39931

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This may then trigger a\ncrash on the next entry into af_alg_sendmsg when it attempts to do\na merge that can't be done.\n\nFix this by setting ctx->merge to zero near the start of the loop."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - AF_ALG is a local kernel-crypto socket interface reached via socket()/bind()/sendmsg() syscalls; there is no network exposure. Exploitation requires a local account to issue the syscalls.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both the error-aborting sendmsg (a fault in memcpy_from_msg or a forced allocation error is trivially induced) and the subsequent merge-triggering sendmsg, so the condition is reliably created; heap grooming for full exploitation is also within attacker control.\nPR:L - Creating and driving an AF_ALG socket requires no capabilities and passes no privilege check, so any basic unprivileged local user can reach the vulnerable path.\nUI:N - The entire sequence is performed by the attacker's own process with no victim action required.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel's own security authority (standard local privilege escalation); no VM/IOMMU/sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The stale merge flag causes an out-of-bounds scatterlist read and a heap write primitive that can be leveraged to disclose kernel memory contents.\nI:H - The merge path performs an attacker-controlled write to an address derived from an out-of-bounds-read scatterlist entry, giving a heap out-of-bounds write suitable for control-flow hijacking/privilege escalation.\nA:H - The inconsistent tsgl state and wild write reliably cause kernel memory corruption and panic/oops."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["crypto/af_alg.c"], "versions": [{"version": "8ff590903d5fc7f5a0a988c38267a3d08e6393a2", "lessThan": "28f6f37abca7c5c9eb3959c66310f1d4d98b8aaf", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "8ff590903d5fc7f5a0a988c38267a3d08e6393a2", "lessThan": "db2b42425dfbde4983b0c20fb7cfa05f70e6a745", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "8ff590903d5fc7f5a0a988c38267a3d08e6393a2", "lessThan": "6241b9e2809b12da9130894cf5beddf088dc1b8a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "8ff590903d5fc7f5a0a988c38267a3d08e6393a2", "lessThan": "2374c11189ef704a3e4863646369f1b8e6a27d71", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "8ff590903d5fc7f5a0a988c38267a3d08e6393a2", "lessThan": "24c1106504c625fabd3b7229611af617b4c27ac7", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "8ff590903d5fc7f5a0a988c38267a3d08e6393a2", "lessThan": "045ee26aa3920a47ec46d7fcb302420bf01fd753", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "8ff590903d5fc7f5a0a988c38267a3d08e6393a2", "lessThan": "9574b2330dbd2b5459b74d3b5e9619d39299fc6f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["crypto/af_alg.c"], "versions": [{"version": "2.6.38", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "2.6.38", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "5.10.260", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "5.15.211", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.154", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.108", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.49", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.16.9", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.17", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.38", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.260"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.38", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.211"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.38", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.154"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.38", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.108"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.38", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.49"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.38", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.9"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.38", "versionEndExcluding": "6.17"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/28f6f37abca7c5c9eb3959c66310f1d4d98b8aaf"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db2b42425dfbde4983b0c20fb7cfa05f70e6a745"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6241b9e2809b12da9130894cf5beddf088dc1b8a"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2374c11189ef704a3e4863646369f1b8e6a27d71"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24c1106504c625fabd3b7229611af617b4c27ac7"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/045ee26aa3920a47ec46d7fcb302420bf01fd753"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9574b2330dbd2b5459b74d3b5e9619d39299fc6f"}], "title": "crypto: af_alg - 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ctx->merge may contain\na garbage value from the previous loop. This may then trigger a\ncrash on the next entry into af_alg_sendmsg when it attempts to do\na merge that can't be done.\n\nFix this by setting ctx->merge to zero near the start of the loop."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\ncrypto: af_alg - Establecer merge a cero al principio en af_alg_sendmsg\n\nSi un error causa que af_alg_sendmsg aborte, ctx->merge puede contener un valor basura del bucle anterior. Esto puede entonces desencadenar un bloqueo en la siguiente entrada en af_alg_sendmsg cuando intente hacer un merge que no se puede hacer.\n\nCorregir esto estableciendo ctx->merge a cero cerca del inicio del bucle."}], "id": "CVE-2025-39931", "lastModified": "2026-11-10T13:17:52.447", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2025-39931", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:54:45.882341Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2025-10-04T08:15:45.827", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/045ee26aa3920a47ec46d7fcb302420bf01fd753"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2374c11189ef704a3e4863646369f1b8e6a27d71"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24c1106504c625fabd3b7229611af617b4c27ac7"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/28f6f37abca7c5c9eb3959c66310f1d4d98b8aaf"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6241b9e2809b12da9130894cf5beddf088dc1b8a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9574b2330dbd2b5459b74d3b5e9619d39299fc6f"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db2b42425dfbde4983b0c20fb7cfa05f70e6a745"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-457936.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-908"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: crypto: af_alg - Set merge to zero early in af_alg_sendmsg", "id": "2401423", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2401423"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\ncrypto: af_alg - Set merge to zero early in af_alg_sendmsg\nIf an error causes af_alg_sendmsg to abort, ctx->merge may contain\na garbage value from the previous loop. This may then trigger a\ncrash on the next entry into af_alg_sendmsg when it attempts to do\na merge that can't be done.\nFix this by setting ctx->merge to zero near the start of the loop."], "name": "CVE-2025-39931", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:rhivos:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat In-Vehicle Operating System 1"}], "public_date": "2025-10-04T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39931\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39931\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025100416-CVE-2025-39931-8ff7@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"created": "2025-10-06T14:41:53.004169+00:00", "updated": "2025-10-06T14:41:53.004242+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}