CVE-2025-39848

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AX.25 frames are not IP-routable in-kernel, matching the AV:A precedent set for the sibling netrom frame-receive CVE-2026-23098.\nAC:L - Every received AX.25 frame reaches the unshared-skb path; no crafting, timing window, or memory-layout grooming is required of the attacker, who fully controls frame content and rate. The only precondition \u2014 an AF_PACKET tap on ETH_P_AX25 placed after ptype_base \u2014 is the standard axlisten/mheardd monitoring setup present on ordinary AX.25 stations, which is how the bug was reported in the field.\nPR:N - AX.25 is entirely unauthenticated and ax25_kiss_rcv() runs on every frame before any socket, callsign, or connection state check. An attacker simply transmits on the channel or sends BPQ frames on the LAN with no credentials on the target system.\nUI:N - The frame is processed in softirq context by the receive path as soon as it arrives; no local user or administrator has to open, read, or otherwise interact with anything.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel skb/socket-queue structures within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The shared skb is mutated (skb_pull, header resets, skb->dev/protocol rewrite) and re-queued while another consumer still reads it, so packet-socket consumers receive mis-parsed buffers, and the resulting use-after-free/list corruption of sk_buff objects yields a read primitive over freed kernel memory.\nI:H - Queueing a shared skb simultaneously onto the backlog, an AX.25 socket receive queue, and ax25->frag_queue produces sk_buff list corruption and double free, and skb_orphan() on a shared skb corrupts another socket's rmem accounting \u2014 classic heap-corruption primitives leverageable for arbitrary write and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The reporter reproduced a hard kernel crash from a NULL skb->dev dereference in __netif_receive_skb_core(), and the underlying skb double-queue/double-free reliably panics the machine; the attacker can repeat it with every frame transmitted."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/ax25/ax25_in.c"], "versions": [{"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "42b46684e2c78ee052d8c2ee8d9c2089233c9094", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "5b079be1b9da49ad88fc304c874d4be7085f7883", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": 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"vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nax25: properly unshare skbs in ax25_kiss_rcv()\n\nBernard Pidoux reported a regression apparently caused by commit\nc353e8983e0d (\"net: introduce per netns packet chains\").\n\nskb->dev becomes NULL and we crash in __netif_receive_skb_core().\n\nBefore above commit, different kind of bugs or corruptions could happen\nwithout a major crash.\n\nBut the root cause is that ax25_kiss_rcv() can queue/mangle input skb\nwithout checking if this skb is shared or not.\n\nMany thanks to Bernard Pidoux for his help, diagnosis and tests.\n\nWe had a similar issue years ago fixed with commit 7aaed57c5c28\n(\"phonet: properly unshare skbs in phonet_rcv()\")."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nax25: descompartir correctamente los skbs en ax25_kiss_rcv()\n\nBernard Pidoux inform\u00f3 de una regresi\u00f3n aparentemente causada por el commit\nc353e8983e0d ('net: introduce per netns packet chains').\n\nskb->dev se vuelve NULL y nos caemos en __netif_receive_skb_core().\n\nAntes del commit anterior, diferentes tipos de errores o corrupciones pod\u00edan ocurrir\nsin un bloqueo importante.\n\nPero la causa ra\u00edz es que ax25_kiss_rcv() puede encolar/manipular el skb de entrada\nsin verificar si este skb est\u00e1 compartido o no.\n\nMuchas gracias a Bernard Pidoux por su ayuda, diagn\u00f3stico y pruebas.\n\nTuvimos un problema similar hace a\u00f1os solucionado con el commit 7aaed57c5c28\n('phonet: properly unshare skbs in phonet_rcv()')."}], "id": "CVE-2025-39848", "lastModified": "2026-10-19T21:10:00.160", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", 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{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: ax25: properly unshare skbs in ax25_kiss_rcv()", "id": "2396948", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2396948"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["No description is available for this CVE."], "name": "CVE-2025-39848", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-09-19T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39848\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39848\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025091904-CVE-2025-39848-7675@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"created": "2025-09-22T09:59:12.976762+00:00", "updated": "2025-09-22T09:59:12.976815+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}