CVE-2025-39810

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So it doesn't take bp->num_tc into account and assumes\nthat it is always 0 or 1.\n\nIn the FW resource or capability change scenario, the FW will return\nflags in bnxt_hwrm_if_change() that will cause the driver to\nreinitialize and call bnxt_cancel_reservations(). This will lead to\nbnxt_init_dflt_ring_mode() calling bnxt_set_dflt_rings() and bp->num_tc\nmay be greater than 1. This will cause bp->tx_ring[] to be sized too\nsmall and cause memory corruption in bnxt_alloc_cp_rings().\n\nFix it by properly scaling the TX rings by bp->num_tc in the code\npaths mentioned above. Add 2 helper functions to determine\nbp->tx_nr_rings and bp->tx_nr_rings_per_tc."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The trigger sequence is local device configuration \u2014 mqprio/DCBNL to set `bp->num_tc > 1` via rtnetlink, then a link down/up cycle through `bnxt_open()`. No remote peer traffic or network protocol data reaches the vulnerable computation.\nAC:L - The attacker arms the condition persistently: once multi-TC is configured, every subsequent ifup that sees a firmware `RESC_CHANGE`/`CAPS_CHANGE` deterministically undersizes `bp->tx_ring[]`, and such resource changes are routine recurring events (SR-IOV VF count changes, RoCE driver load/unload, firmware update, PF reconfiguration) that can simply be waited out and re-triggered by cycling the interface \u2014 there is no one-shot race to win.\nPR:L - Reaching the path needs CAP_NET_ADMIN over the bnxt netdev, which in the common SR-IOV cloud/Kubernetes deployment is held by an otherwise unprivileged container after a VF is delegated into its user-namespace-owned network namespace, where `tc qdisc add ... mqprio` and `ip link set up` are permitted. That is delegated network-admin capability, not real root in the init namespace.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed \u2014 the corruption occurs entirely within the attacker's own interface bring-up sequence once the multi-TC configuration is in place.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds write corrupts kernel heap objects belonging to the same kernel security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The overflow plants live `bnxt_cp_ring_info` pointers into adjacent heap objects and leaves `netdev_set_tc_queue()` mappings pointing past `real_num_tx_queues`, so subsequent TX-completion and queue-selection code dereferences and reads memory outside the intended objects, which is leverageable for kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `bp->tx_ring[n].tx_cpr = cpr2` writes a kernel heap pointer well beyond the `kcalloc`'d array, at an offset scaled by the attacker-chosen `num_tc` and per-TC ring count \u2014 a placement-influenceable arbitrary-ish pointer write into neighbouring slab objects, the classic primitive for control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Corrupting unrelated heap allocations with stray pointers, plus TX queues indexed past `real_num_tx_queues`, reliably produces oops/panic on a machine performing normal networking, and the sequence can be repeated at will."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/net/ethernet/broadcom/bnxt/bnxt.c"], "versions": [{"version": "ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c", "lessThan": "c0082a8947cf1a543013346d10c1857f0c57db83", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c", "lessThan": "dc797a4bbbcac6d19e6e2508e4df685755cd94a5", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c", "lessThan": "d00e98977ef519280b075d783653e2c492fffbb6", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c", "lessThan": "9ab6a9950f152e094395d2e3967f889857daa185", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c", "lessThan": "2747328ba2714f1a7454208dbbc1dc0631990b4a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/net/ethernet/broadcom/bnxt/bnxt.c"], "versions": [{"version": "5.4", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "5.4", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.191", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.160", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.45", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.16.5", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.17", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.191"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.160"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.45"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.5"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.17"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c0082a8947cf1a543013346d10c1857f0c57db83"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc797a4bbbcac6d19e6e2508e4df685755cd94a5"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d00e98977ef519280b075d783653e2c492fffbb6"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9ab6a9950f152e094395d2e3967f889857daa185"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2747328ba2714f1a7454208dbbc1dc0631990b4a"}], "title": "bnxt_en: Fix memory corruption when FW resources change during ifdown", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.8, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"}}, {"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2025-39810", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-01-14T18:14:51.954727Z"}}}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-787", "description": "CWE-787 Out-of-bounds Write"}]}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-01-14T18:22:55.131Z"}}]}}

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No remote peer traffic or network protocol data reaches the vulnerable computation.\nAC:L - The attacker arms the condition persistently: once multi-TC is configured, every subsequent ifup that sees a firmware `RESC_CHANGE`/`CAPS_CHANGE` deterministically undersizes `bp->tx_ring[]`, and such resource changes are routine recurring events (SR-IOV VF count changes, RoCE driver load/unload, firmware update, PF reconfiguration) that can simply be waited out and re-triggered by cycling the interface \u2014 there is no one-shot race to win.\nPR:L - Reaching the path needs CAP_NET_ADMIN over the bnxt netdev, which in the common SR-IOV cloud/Kubernetes deployment is held by an otherwise unprivileged container after a VF is delegated into its user-namespace-owned network namespace, where `tc qdisc add ... mqprio` and `ip link set up` are permitted. That is delegated network-admin capability, not real root in the init namespace.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed \u2014 the corruption occurs entirely within the attacker's own interface bring-up sequence once the multi-TC configuration is in place.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds write corrupts kernel heap objects belonging to the same kernel security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The overflow plants live `bnxt_cp_ring_info` pointers into adjacent heap objects and leaves `netdev_set_tc_queue()` mappings pointing past `real_num_tx_queues`, so subsequent TX-completion and queue-selection code dereferences and reads memory outside the intended objects, which is leverageable for kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `bp->tx_ring[n].tx_cpr = cpr2` writes a kernel heap pointer well beyond the `kcalloc`'d array, at an offset scaled by the attacker-chosen `num_tc` and per-TC ring count \u2014 a placement-influenceable arbitrary-ish pointer write into neighbouring slab objects, the classic primitive for control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Corrupting unrelated heap allocations with stray pointers, plus TX queues indexed past `real_num_tx_queues`, reliably produces oops/panic on a machine performing normal networking, and the sequence can be repeated at will."}]}], "affected": [{"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c", "lessThan": "c0082a8947cf1a543013346d10c1857f0c57db83", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c", "lessThan": "dc797a4bbbcac6d19e6e2508e4df685755cd94a5", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c", "lessThan": "d00e98977ef519280b075d783653e2c492fffbb6", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c", "lessThan": "9ab6a9950f152e094395d2e3967f889857daa185", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c", "lessThan": "2747328ba2714f1a7454208dbbc1dc0631990b4a", "versionType": "git"}], "programFiles": ["drivers/net/ethernet/broadcom/bnxt/bnxt.c"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}, {"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "5.4"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "5.4", "versionType": "semver"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.1.191", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.6.160", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.12.45", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.16.5", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.17", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix", "lessThanOrEqual": "*"}], "programFiles": ["drivers/net/ethernet/broadcom/bnxt/bnxt.c"], "defaultStatus": "affected"}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c0082a8947cf1a543013346d10c1857f0c57db83"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc797a4bbbcac6d19e6e2508e4df685755cd94a5"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d00e98977ef519280b075d783653e2c492fffbb6"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9ab6a9950f152e094395d2e3967f889857daa185"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2747328ba2714f1a7454208dbbc1dc0631990b4a"}], "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbnxt_en: Fix memory corruption when FW resources change during ifdown\n\nbnxt_set_dflt_rings() assumes that it is always called before any TC has\nbeen created. So it doesn't take bp->num_tc into account and assumes\nthat it is always 0 or 1.\n\nIn the FW resource or capability change scenario, the FW will return\nflags in bnxt_hwrm_if_change() that will cause the driver to\nreinitialize and call bnxt_cancel_reservations(). This will lead to\nbnxt_init_dflt_ring_mode() calling bnxt_set_dflt_rings() and bp->num_tc\nmay be greater than 1. This will cause bp->tx_ring[] to be sized too\nsmall and cause memory corruption in bnxt_alloc_cp_rings().\n\nFix it by properly scaling the TX rings by bp->num_tc in the code\npaths mentioned above. Add 2 helper functions to determine\nbp->tx_nr_rings and bp->tx_nr_rings_per_tc."}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.191", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.160", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.45", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.5", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.17", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4"}], "operator": "OR"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-30T12:22:29.953Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-39810", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-30T12:22:29.953Z", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.137Z", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "datePublished": "2025-09-16T13:00:12.677Z", "assignerShortName": "Linux"}, "dataVersion": "5.2"}

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So it doesn't take bp->num_tc into account and assumes\nthat it is always 0 or 1.\n\nIn the FW resource or capability change scenario, the FW will return\nflags in bnxt_hwrm_if_change() that will cause the driver to\nreinitialize and call bnxt_cancel_reservations(). This will lead to\nbnxt_init_dflt_ring_mode() calling bnxt_set_dflt_rings() and bp->num_tc\nmay be greater than 1. This will cause bp->tx_ring[] to be sized too\nsmall and cause memory corruption in bnxt_alloc_cp_rings().\n\nFix it by properly scaling the TX rings by bp->num_tc in the code\npaths mentioned above. Add 2 helper functions to determine\nbp->tx_nr_rings and bp->tx_nr_rings_per_tc."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nbnxt_en: Corrige la corrupci\u00f3n de memoria cuando los recursos del FW cambian durante el ifdown\n\nbnxt_set_dflt_rings() asume que siempre se llama antes de que se haya creado cualquier TC. Por lo tanto, no tiene en cuenta bp->num_tc y asume que siempre es 0 o 1.\n\nEn el escenario de cambio de recursos o capacidades del FW, el FW devolver\u00e1 flags en bnxt_hwrm_if_change() que har\u00e1n que el controlador se reinicialice y llame a bnxt_cancel_reservations(). Esto llevar\u00e1 a que bnxt_init_dflt_ring_mode() llame a bnxt_set_dflt_rings() y bp->num_tc puede ser mayor que 1. Esto har\u00e1 que bp->tx_ring[] tenga un tama\u00f1o demasiado peque\u00f1o y cause corrupci\u00f3n de memoria en bnxt_alloc_cp_rings().\n\nSe corrige escalando correctamente los anillos TX por bp->num_tc en las rutas de c\u00f3digo mencionadas anteriormente. Se a\u00f1aden 2 funciones auxiliares para determinar bp->tx_nr_rings y bp->tx_nr_rings_per_tc."}], "id": "CVE-2025-39810", "lastModified": "2026-10-30T13:18:09.857", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2025-39810", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-01-14T18:14:51.954727Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2025-09-16T13:15:53.543", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2747328ba2714f1a7454208dbbc1dc0631990b4a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9ab6a9950f152e094395d2e3967f889857daa185"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c0082a8947cf1a543013346d10c1857f0c57db83"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d00e98977ef519280b075d783653e2c492fffbb6"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc797a4bbbcac6d19e6e2508e4df685755cd94a5"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-787"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-787"}], "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: bnxt_en: Fix memory corruption when FW resources change during ifdown", "id": "2395803", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2395803"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["No description is available for this CVE."], "name": "CVE-2025-39810", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-09-16T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39810\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39810\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025091614-CVE-2025-39810-ed5c@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"created": "2025-09-17T10:04:19.270981+00:00", "updated": "2025-09-17T10:04:19.271014+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}