CVE-2025-38471

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This unearthed a bug in TLS where we may try\nto operate on an old skb when checking if all skbs in the\nqueue have matching decrypt state and geometry.\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tls_strp_check_rcv+0x898/0x9a0 [tls]\n (net/tls/tls_strp.c:436 net/tls/tls_strp.c:530 net/tls/tls_strp.c:544)\n Read of size 4 at addr ffff888013085750 by task tls/13529\n\n CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 13529 Comm: tls Not tainted 6.16.0-rc5-virtme\n Call Trace:\n kasan_report+0xca/0x100\n tls_strp_check_rcv+0x898/0x9a0 [tls]\n tls_rx_rec_wait+0x2c9/0x8d0 [tls]\n tls_sw_recvmsg+0x40f/0x1aa0 [tls]\n inet_recvmsg+0x1c3/0x1f0\n\nAlways reload the queue, fast path is to have the record in the queue\nwhen we wake, anyway (IOW the path going down \"if !strp->stm.full_len\")."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable code is the kTLS receive strparser, driven directly from the TCP `sk_data_ready` softirq hook and from `recvmsg()` on data supplied by the remote TLS peer. A remote attacker triggers it purely by choosing TLS record framing and TCP segment sizes/timing on an ordinary connection to a kTLS-enabled service.\nAC:L - The attacker controls every side of the condition \u2014 the record header that sets `stm.full_len`, the many small/large segments that push `sk_rmem_alloc` past `sk_rcvbuf` to force `tcp_collapse()` to free the anchored skb, and the final segment that makes `inq >= full_len` \u2014 and can retry indefinitely across parallel connections. It was hit by the plain in-tree `tls` selftest, not an exotic race.\nPR:N - The attacker is the remote peer of a TLS connection and needs no account or privilege on the target; kTLS servers (nginx/HAProxy with kTLS offload, TLS-terminating proxies) accept connections from anonymous clients and enable `TLS_RX` right after the handshake.\nUI:N - The victim application merely receives data on an already-established kTLS socket; the strparser runs from softirq on packet arrival with no local user action required.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel skb/slab memory of the affected host, with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox security authority.\nC:H - This is a slab use-after-free read: freed skb metadata is read, and the attacker-influenced `skb->next` chain lets the loop walk into reallocated memory, giving an arbitrary-address read oracle via the true/false result; freed pages are further fed into the AEAD scatterlist by `skb_to_sgvec()`.\nI:H - Use-after-free with heap grooming yields write primitives \u2014 `tls_strp_msg_hold()` performs `skb_clone()` on the freed skbs, writing refcounts into reallocated objects, and the stale `frag_list` drives crypto operations over freed memory, which is exploitable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - KASAN confirms a slab-use-after-free, and the unbounded `skb = skb->next` walk over freed memory readily faults on a wild pointer, producing a kernel oops/panic that a remote attacker can trigger repeatedly."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/tls/tls_strp.c"], "versions": [{"version": "0d87bbd39d7fd1135ab9eca672d760470f6508e8", "lessThan": "730fed2ff5e259495712518e18d9f521f61972bb", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "0d87bbd39d7fd1135ab9eca672d760470f6508e8", "lessThan": "1f3a429c21e0e43e8b8c55d30701e91411a4df02", "status": "affected", 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This unearthed a bug in TLS where we may try\nto operate on an old skb when checking if all skbs in the\nqueue have matching decrypt state and geometry.\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tls_strp_check_rcv+0x898/0x9a0 [tls]\n (net/tls/tls_strp.c:436 net/tls/tls_strp.c:530 net/tls/tls_strp.c:544)\n Read of size 4 at addr ffff888013085750 by task tls/13529\n\n CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 13529 Comm: tls Not tainted 6.16.0-rc5-virtme\n Call Trace:\n kasan_report+0xca/0x100\n tls_strp_check_rcv+0x898/0x9a0 [tls]\n tls_rx_rec_wait+0x2c9/0x8d0 [tls]\n tls_sw_recvmsg+0x40f/0x1aa0 [tls]\n inet_recvmsg+0x1c3/0x1f0\n\nAlways reload the queue, fast path is to have the record in the queue\nwhen we wake, anyway (IOW the path going down \"if !strp->stm.full_len\")."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: TLS: siempre actualiza la cola al leer un archivo SOCK. Tras cambios recientes en Net-Next, TCP compacta los archivos SKB de forma mucho m\u00e1s agresiva. Esto revel\u00f3 un error en TLS que permite intentar operar en un archivo SKB antiguo al comprobar si todos los archivos SKB de la cola tienen el mismo estado de descifrado y geometr\u00eda. BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tls_strp_check_rcv+0x898/0x9a0 [tls] (net/tls/tls_strp.c:436 net/tls/tls_strp.c:530 net/tls/tls_strp.c:544) Read of size 4 at addr ffff888013085750 by task tls/13529 CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 13529 Comm: tls Not tainted 6.16.0-rc5-virtme Call Trace: kasan_report+0xca/0x100 tls_strp_check_rcv+0x898/0x9a0 [tls] tls_rx_rec_wait+0x2c9/0x8d0 [tls] tls_sw_recvmsg+0x40f/0x1aa0 [tls] inet_recvmsg+0x1c3/0x1f0 Siempre recargue la cola, la ruta r\u00e1pida es tener el registro en la cola cuando nos despertamos, de todos modos (es decir, la ruta que baja \"if !strp->stm.full_len\")."}], "id": "CVE-2025-38471", "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:23:18.903", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-07-28T12:15:28.890", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f3a429c21e0e43e8b8c55d30701e91411a4df02"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4ab26bce3969f8fd925fe6f6f551e4d1a508c68b"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/730fed2ff5e259495712518e18d9f521f61972bb"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c76f6f437c46b2390888e0e1dc7aafafa9f4e0c6"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cdb767915fc9a15d88d19d52a1455f1dc3e5ddc8"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: tls: always refresh the queue when reading sock", "id": "2383893", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2383893"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.4", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-416", "details": ["No description is available for this CVE."], "mitigation": {"lang": "en:us", "value": "To mitigate this issue, prevent module tls from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically."}, "name": "CVE-2025-38471", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-07-28T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-38471\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38471\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025072812-CVE-2025-38471-ca92@gregkh/T"], "statement": "This patch fixes a use-after-free bug in the kernel TLS (kTLS) implementation, where stale SKB pointers could be accessed due to aggressive TCP skb compaction.\nThe function tls_strp_read_sock() failed to reload the skb queue unconditionally, potentially leading to dereferencing freed memory in tls_strp_check_rcv().\nThis issue could be triggered remotely over a TCP+TLS connection and may result in kernel crashes or information disclosure.\nWhile the bug requires precise timing and TCP skb compaction behavior, it may be remotely triggered through a TLS stream and can lead to kernel instability or data leakage from freed memory.\nAlthough the underlying bug is a use-after-free read, it can lead to kernel panic on systems with KASAN, SLUB debug, panic_on_oops=1, or when the freed skb is reused and corrupted, potentially causing further memory violations or invalid state propagation in the TLS receive path.", "threat_severity": "Important"}

{"created": "2025-07-29T07:59:30.111508+00:00", "updated": "2025-07-29T07:59:30.111606+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}