CVE-2025-37823

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But for this one, we don't have a reliable reproducer."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires configuring an HFSC qdisc hierarchy with a netem/codel child and deleting a class via rtnetlink (RTM_NEWQDISC/RTM_NEWTCLASS/RTM_DELTCLASS), which is a local netlink socket operation. Per kernel scoring guidance, tc/netlink qdisc bugs are Local.\nAC:L - The attacker deterministically controls every element: the HFSC class curves (HFSC_RSC), the child qdisc's drop-on-dequeue behavior (netem loss/corrupt/nested-child enqueue failure, or aggressive codel parameters), packet injection, and the moment of class deletion; the whole sequence runs serialized under the qdisc/tree lock with no race to win. The absence of a maintainer reproducer reflects effort not spent, not a condition outside attacker control \u2014 the identical primitive in the companion commit 3df275ef0a6a had a reliable reproducer.\nPR:L - The rtnetlink handlers gate on netlink_net_capable(skb, CAP_NET_ADMIN), which is evaluated against the caller's netns user_ns, so an unprivileged user obtains it simply with `unshare -Urn` and can then create a dummy/veth device plus the full hfsc+netem hierarchy. No real root in the init namespace is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the entire sequence \u2014 qdisc/class setup, packet transmission, and class deletion \u2014 from their own process. No victim action is involved.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel's own memory and privilege domain, yielding standard local privilege escalation rather than crossing into another security authority such as a hypervisor or IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - The freed struct hfsc_class remains linked in the scheduler's eligible rbtree and is subsequently dereferenced, so a heap spray of the kmalloc-1k slot lets the attacker read back kernel data through the reclaimed object and its cl->qdisc pointer chain, giving effectively arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - After the free, hfsc_dequeue() performs an indirect call via qdisc_dequeue_peeked() through sch->dequeue read from the reclaimed object, plus bstats_update() writes and rb_erase()/rb_insert_color() on attacker-controlled node pointers \u2014 a direct control-flow hijack and arbitrary-write primitive leading to full kernel compromise.\nA:H - Even without successful heap grooming, traversing and erasing a freed rbtree node and calling through a stale function pointer reliably produces a kernel oops/panic, and the attacker can trigger it repeatedly for a complete denial of service."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/sched/sch_hfsc.c"], "versions": [{"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "68f256305ceb426d545a0dc31f83c2ab1d211a1e", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "2f46d14919c39528c6e540ebc43f90055993eedc", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "da7936518996d290e2fcfcaf6cd7e15bfd87804a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "11bccb054c1462fb069219f8e98e97a5a730758e", "status": "affected", "versionType": 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Per kernel scoring guidance, tc/netlink qdisc bugs are Local.\nAC:L - The attacker deterministically controls every element: the HFSC class curves (HFSC_RSC), the child qdisc's drop-on-dequeue behavior (netem loss/corrupt/nested-child enqueue failure, or aggressive codel parameters), packet injection, and the moment of class deletion; the whole sequence runs serialized under the qdisc/tree lock with no race to win. The absence of a maintainer reproducer reflects effort not spent, not a condition outside attacker control \u2014 the identical primitive in the companion commit 3df275ef0a6a had a reliable reproducer.\nPR:L - The rtnetlink handlers gate on netlink_net_capable(skb, CAP_NET_ADMIN), which is evaluated against the caller's netns user_ns, so an unprivileged user obtains it simply with `unshare -Urn` and can then create a dummy/veth device plus the full hfsc+netem hierarchy. No real root in the init namespace is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the entire sequence \u2014 qdisc/class setup, packet transmission, and class deletion \u2014 from their own process. No victim action is involved.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel's own memory and privilege domain, yielding standard local privilege escalation rather than crossing into another security authority such as a hypervisor or IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - The freed struct hfsc_class remains linked in the scheduler's eligible rbtree and is subsequently dereferenced, so a heap spray of the kmalloc-1k slot lets the attacker read back kernel data through the reclaimed object and its cl->qdisc pointer chain, giving effectively arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - After the free, hfsc_dequeue() performs an indirect call via qdisc_dequeue_peeked() through sch->dequeue read from the reclaimed object, plus bstats_update() writes and rb_erase()/rb_insert_color() on attacker-controlled node pointers \u2014 a direct control-flow hijack and arbitrary-write primitive leading to full kernel compromise.\nA:H - Even without successful heap grooming, traversing and erasing a freed rbtree node and calling through a stale function pointer reliably produces a kernel oops/panic, and the attacker can trigger it repeatedly for a complete denial of service."}]}], "affected": [{"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "68f256305ceb426d545a0dc31f83c2ab1d211a1e", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "2f46d14919c39528c6e540ebc43f90055993eedc", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "da7936518996d290e2fcfcaf6cd7e15bfd87804a", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "11bccb054c1462fb069219f8e98e97a5a730758e", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "76c4c22c2437d3d3880efc0f62eca06ef078d290", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "c6f035044104c6ff656f4565cd22938dc892528c", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "c6936266f8bf98a53f28ef9a820e6a501e946d09", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "lessThan": "6ccbda44e2cc3d26fd22af54c650d6d5d801addf", "versionType": "git"}], "programFiles": ["net/sched/sch_hfsc.c"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}, {"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "2.6.12"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "2.6.12", "versionType": "semver"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "5.4.293", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "5.10.237", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "5.15.181", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.1.136", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.6.89", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.12.26", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.14.5", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.15", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix", "lessThanOrEqual": "*"}], "programFiles": ["net/sched/sch_hfsc.c"], "defaultStatus": "affected"}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68f256305ceb426d545a0dc31f83c2ab1d211a1e"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f46d14919c39528c6e540ebc43f90055993eedc"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da7936518996d290e2fcfcaf6cd7e15bfd87804a"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11bccb054c1462fb069219f8e98e97a5a730758e"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76c4c22c2437d3d3880efc0f62eca06ef078d290"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6f035044104c6ff656f4565cd22938dc892528c"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6936266f8bf98a53f28ef9a820e6a501e946d09"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ccbda44e2cc3d26fd22af54c650d6d5d801addf"}], "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet_sched: hfsc: Fix a potential UAF in hfsc_dequeue() too\n\nSimilarly to the previous patch, we need to safe guard hfsc_dequeue()\ntoo. 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But for this one, we don't have a reliable reproducer."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: net_sched: hfsc: Se corrige tambi\u00e9n un posible UAF en hfsc_dequeue(). Al igual que en el parche anterior, tambi\u00e9n debemos proteger hfsc_dequeue(). Sin embargo, para este caso, no contamos con un reproductor fiable."}], "id": "CVE-2025-37823", "lastModified": "2026-10-15T22:18:19.083", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2025-37823", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:45:30.457885Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2025-05-08T07:15:53.520", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11bccb054c1462fb069219f8e98e97a5a730758e"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f46d14919c39528c6e540ebc43f90055993eedc"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68f256305ceb426d545a0dc31f83c2ab1d211a1e"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ccbda44e2cc3d26fd22af54c650d6d5d801addf"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76c4c22c2437d3d3880efc0f62eca06ef078d290"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6936266f8bf98a53f28ef9a820e6a501e946d09"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6f035044104c6ff656f4565cd22938dc892528c"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da7936518996d290e2fcfcaf6cd7e15bfd87804a"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: net_sched: hfsc: Fix a potential UAF in hfsc_dequeue() too", "id": "2365024", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2365024"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nnet_sched: hfsc: Fix a potential UAF in hfsc_dequeue() too\nSimilarly to the previous patch, we need to safe guard hfsc_dequeue()\ntoo. But for this one, we don't have a reliable reproducer."], "name": "CVE-2025-37823", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-05-08T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-37823\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-37823\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025050821-CVE-2025-37823-d739@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{}