CVE-2025-34061

PHPStudy 2016-2018 Backdoor Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Published Jul 3, 2025 CVSS 4.0 · 9.3 Critical EPSS 1.9% KEV · Not listed

Description

A backdoor in PHPStudy versions 2016 through 2018 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code on affected installations. The backdoor listens for base64-encoded PHP payloads in the Accept-Charset HTTP header of incoming requests, decodes and executes the payload without proper validation. This leads to remote code execution as the web server user, compromising the affected system.

Affected Products

Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).

Vendor Product Default status Versions

Henan Xiaopi Security Technology Co., Ltd.

PHPStudy

unaffected

Version	Status	Constraints
`2016`	affected	≤ 2018

No data.

No data available yet.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record

Tracking

Advisories

Source	ID	Title
EUVD	EUVD-2025-19906	A backdoor in PHPStudy versions 2016 through 2018 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code on affected installations. The backdoor listens for base64-encoded PHP payloads in the Accept-Charset HTTP header of incoming requests, decodes and executes the payload without proper validation. This leads to remote code execution as the web server user, compromising the affected system.

Metrics

Attack Vector Network

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required None

Attack Requirements None

User Interaction None

Vulnerable System Confidentiality Impact High

Vulnerable System Integrity Impact High

Vulnerable System Availability Impact High

Subsequent System Confidentiality Impact None

Subsequent System Integrity Impact None

Subsequent System Availability Impact None

No CVSS v3.1

No CVSS v3.0

No CVSS v2

This CVE is not in the KEV list.

Exploit prediction score: 1.9% (1.945% probability within 30 days)

Exploitation none

Automatable yes

Technical Impact total

References

Link	Providers
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/multi/http/phpstudy_backdoor_rce.rb
https://www.xp.cn/phpstudy

History

Jul 7, 2025 7:15 PM Scoring metrics updated View changes

Type	Values Removed	Values Added
Metrics		ssvc `{'options': {'Automatable': 'yes', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'total'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}`

Jul 3, 2025 8:00 PM Description updated. Title updated. Weaknesses updated. Added references. Scoring metrics updated View changes

Type	Values Removed	Values Added
Description		A backdoor in PHPStudy versions 2016 through 2018 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code on affected installations. The backdoor listens for base64-encoded PHP payloads in the Accept-Charset HTTP header of incoming requests, decodes and executes the payload without proper validation. This leads to remote code execution as the web server user, compromising the affected system.
Title		PHPStudy 2016-2018 Backdoor Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Weaknesses		CWE-94
References		https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/multi/http/phpstudy_backdoor_rce.rb https://www.xp.cn/phpstudy
Metrics		cvssV4_0 `{'score': 9.3, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N'}`