CVE-2025-21763

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A purely remote or adjacent peer can generate ARP/NDISC traffic to reach `__neigh_notify()` but cannot cause the namespace pointer to go stale.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides: they spin a loop creating/destroying network namespaces with veth devices while concurrently driving neighbour add/update/GC notifications on other CPUs, so the race is created rather than waited for. Per race-condition guidance, attacker-created races are Low even though the window between the `dev_net()` load and the `net->rtnl` dereference is narrow.\nPR:L - `unshare -Urn` grants namespace-relative CAP_NET_ADMIN (`ns_capable(net->user_ns, CAP_NET_ADMIN)`), letting an ordinary unprivileged user create netns, create and move veth pairs, and trigger the teardown path; no real root is needed. Neighbour-table activity that reaches `__neigh_notify()` is likewise available to any unprivileged process.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers both the namespace teardown and the neighbour notifications entirely from their own processes. No victim action, mount, or file open is involved.\nS:U - The use-after-free and its consequences are confined to kernel memory within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed. This is standard in-kernel corruption leading to local privilege escalation.\nC:H - The freed `struct net` is a reclaimable `net_cachep` slab object, and `net->rtnl` is subsequently consumed as a `struct sock *` by `netlink_set_err()`/`nlmsg_notify()`, which read `sk->sk_protocol` and `sock_net(sk)` and walk netlink tables from it. Heap-spraying the freed object turns this into an attacker-directed kernel read primitive.\nI:H - With the freed `struct net` reclaimed under attacker control, `netlink_set_err()` writes through the forged `sk` pointer (`sk->sk_err = err`, list/waitqueue manipulation), giving a controlled kernel write usable for control-flow hijacking. Per guidance, use-after-free is scored High for integrity.\nA:H - Even without successful reclaim, dereferencing the freed `struct net` and the dangling `net->rtnl` socket causes a kernel oops or panic in `nlmsg_notify()`/`netlink_set_err()`. The trigger loop can be repeated indefinitely by an unprivileged user."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/core/neighbour.c"], "versions": [{"version": "426b5303eb435d98b9bee37a807be386bc2b3320", "lessThan": "e1aed6be381bcd7f46d4ca9d7ef0f5f3d6a1be32", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "426b5303eb435d98b9bee37a807be386bc2b3320", "lessThan": "8666e9aab801328c1408a19fbf4070609dc0695a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "426b5303eb435d98b9bee37a807be386bc2b3320", "lessThan": "40d8f2f2a373b6c294ffac394d2bb814b572ead1", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "426b5303eb435d98b9bee37a807be386bc2b3320", "lessThan": "784eb2376270e086f7db136d154b8404edacf97b", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "426b5303eb435d98b9bee37a807be386bc2b3320", "lessThan": 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A purely remote or adjacent peer can generate ARP/NDISC traffic to reach `__neigh_notify()` but cannot cause the namespace pointer to go stale.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides: they spin a loop creating/destroying network namespaces with veth devices while concurrently driving neighbour add/update/GC notifications on other CPUs, so the race is created rather than waited for. Per race-condition guidance, attacker-created races are Low even though the window between the `dev_net()` load and the `net->rtnl` dereference is narrow.\nPR:L - `unshare -Urn` grants namespace-relative CAP_NET_ADMIN (`ns_capable(net->user_ns, CAP_NET_ADMIN)`), letting an ordinary unprivileged user create netns, create and move veth pairs, and trigger the teardown path; no real root is needed. Neighbour-table activity that reaches `__neigh_notify()` is likewise available to any unprivileged process.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers both the namespace teardown and the neighbour notifications entirely from their own processes. No victim action, mount, or file open is involved.\nS:U - The use-after-free and its consequences are confined to kernel memory within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed. This is standard in-kernel corruption leading to local privilege escalation.\nC:H - The freed `struct net` is a reclaimable `net_cachep` slab object, and `net->rtnl` is subsequently consumed as a `struct sock *` by `netlink_set_err()`/`nlmsg_notify()`, which read `sk->sk_protocol` and `sock_net(sk)` and walk netlink tables from it. Heap-spraying the freed object turns this into an attacker-directed kernel read primitive.\nI:H - With the freed `struct net` reclaimed under attacker control, `netlink_set_err()` writes through the forged `sk` pointer (`sk->sk_err = err`, list/waitqueue manipulation), giving a controlled kernel write usable for control-flow hijacking. Per guidance, use-after-free is scored High for integrity.\nA:H - Even without successful reclaim, dereferencing the freed `struct net` and the dangling `net->rtnl` socket causes a kernel oops or panic in `nlmsg_notify()`/`netlink_set_err()`. The trigger loop can be repeated indefinitely by an unprivileged user."}]}], "affected": [{"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "426b5303eb435d98b9bee37a807be386bc2b3320", "lessThan": "e1aed6be381bcd7f46d4ca9d7ef0f5f3d6a1be32", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "426b5303eb435d98b9bee37a807be386bc2b3320", "lessThan": "8666e9aab801328c1408a19fbf4070609dc0695a", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "426b5303eb435d98b9bee37a807be386bc2b3320", "lessThan": "40d8f2f2a373b6c294ffac394d2bb814b572ead1", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "426b5303eb435d98b9bee37a807be386bc2b3320", "lessThan": "784eb2376270e086f7db136d154b8404edacf97b", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "426b5303eb435d98b9bee37a807be386bc2b3320", "lessThan": "1cbb2aa90cd3fba15ad7efb5cdda28f3d1082379", "versionType": 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Use la protecci\u00f3n RCU para evitar posibles UAF."}], "id": "CVE-2025-21763", "lastModified": "2026-10-15T02:17:33.647", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2025-21763", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2025-02-27T17:57:24.552153Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2025-02-27T03:15:16.960", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1cbb2aa90cd3fba15ad7efb5cdda28f3d1082379"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/40d8f2f2a373b6c294ffac394d2bb814b572ead1"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/559307d25235e24b5424778c7332451b6c741159"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/784eb2376270e086f7db136d154b8404edacf97b"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8666e9aab801328c1408a19fbf4070609dc0695a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/becbd5850c03ed33b232083dd66c6e38c0c0e569"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cdd5c2a12ddad8a77ce1838ff9f29aa587de82df"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e1aed6be381bcd7f46d4ca9d7ef0f5f3d6a1be32"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}], "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: neighbour: use RCU protection in __neigh_notify()", "id": "2348529", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2348529"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nneighbour: use RCU protection in __neigh_notify()\n__neigh_notify() can be called without RTNL or RCU protection.\nUse RCU protection to avoid potential UAF."], "name": "CVE-2025-21763", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Under investigation", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Will not fix", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-02-27T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21763\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21763\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025022604-CVE-2025-21763-dcff@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{}