CVE-2025-21738

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There is no network-facing path into libata's PIO transfer code.\nAC:L - The attacker deterministically controls both required conditions \u2014 the buffer length (any out_len/in_len that is not a multiple of the 512-byte sector size) and the ATA sector count in the pass-through CDB \u2014 with no race, no memory-layout dependency, and no reliance on the device's error behaviour when a normal PIO read/write command is used.\nPR:L - The ATA_12 pass-through opcode 0xA1 aliases GPCMD_BLANK in scsi_cmd_allowed(), so it is permitted for any unprivileged user holding a write-opened fd on the block device \u2014 no CAP_SYS_RAWIO is needed \u2014 which is routinely the case for disk-group members, containers with device passthrough, and embedded/appliance images with permissive device nodes.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers the entire sequence from its own process via a single ioctl; no action by any other user or administrator is required.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds write corrupts kernel memory within the same security authority; there is no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary.\nC:H - In the data-out direction (ATA_CMD_PIO_WRITE with an unaligned in_len) the kernel reads far past the end of the kmalloc'd buffer and streams that kernel memory to attacker-chosen disk sectors, which can then simply be read back \u2014 an unbounded kernel-memory disclosure primitive.\nI:H - In the data-in direction the kernel writes up to ~128 KB of device-supplied data (contents of disk sectors the attacker previously wrote, hence fully controlled) past the end of a small slab allocation into adjacent pages, giving a controlled-content heap overflow suitable for control-flow hijacking and privilege escalation.\nA:H - Overwriting arbitrary adjacent kernel pages and slab metadata with attacker data reliably corrupts unrelated kernel structures, producing oopses, slab corruption BUGs, and full system panics."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/ata/libata-sff.c"], "versions": [{"version": "5a5dbd18a7496ed403f6f54bb20c955c65482fa5", "lessThan": "a8f8cf87059ed1905c2a5c72f8b39a4f57b11b4c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "5a5dbd18a7496ed403f6f54bb20c955c65482fa5", "lessThan": "d5e6e3000309359eae2a17117aa6e3c44897bf6c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "5a5dbd18a7496ed403f6f54bb20c955c65482fa5", "lessThan": "0dd5aade301a10f4b329fa7454fdcc2518741902", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "5a5dbd18a7496ed403f6f54bb20c955c65482fa5", "lessThan": "0a17a9944b8d89ef03946121241870ac53ddaf45", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "5a5dbd18a7496ed403f6f54bb20c955c65482fa5", "lessThan": "6e74e53b34b6dec5a50e1404e2680852ec6768d2", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/ata/libata-sff.c"], "versions": [{"version": "2.6.22", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "2.6.22", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.129", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.78", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.14", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.13.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.14", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.22", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.129"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.22", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.78"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.22", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.14"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.22", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.3"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.22", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8f8cf87059ed1905c2a5c72f8b39a4f57b11b4c"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5e6e3000309359eae2a17117aa6e3c44897bf6c"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0dd5aade301a10f4b329fa7454fdcc2518741902"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a17a9944b8d89ef03946121241870ac53ddaf45"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e74e53b34b6dec5a50e1404e2680852ec6768d2"}], "title": "ata: libata-sff: Ensure that we cannot write outside the allocated buffer", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}, "adp": [{"title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html"}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:36:44.548Z"}}, {"x_adpType": "supplier", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "shortName": "siemens-SADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T01:03:54.067Z"}, "affected": [{"vendor": "Siemens", "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "*", "versionType": "custom"}], "defaultStatus": "unknown"}], "references": [{"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"}]}]}}

{}

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Si bien se supone que un dispositivo ATA debe abortar un comando ATA_NOP, parece haber un error en libata-sff o QEMU, donde este estado no est\u00e1 establecido o el estado se borra antes de la lectura por ata_sff_hsm_move(). De todos modos, es muy probable que se trate de un error separado. Si analizamos __atapi_pio_bytes(), veremos que ya tiene una comprobaci\u00f3n de seguridad para garantizar que __atapi_pio_bytes() no pueda escribir fuera del b\u00fafer asignado. Agreguemos una comprobaci\u00f3n similar a ata_pio_sector(), de modo que ata_pio_sector() tampoco pueda escribir fuera del b\u00fafer asignado."}], "id": "CVE-2025-21738", "lastModified": "2026-10-15T02:17:31.647", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-02-27T03:15:14.427", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a17a9944b8d89ef03946121241870ac53ddaf45"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0dd5aade301a10f4b329fa7454fdcc2518741902"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e74e53b34b6dec5a50e1404e2680852ec6768d2"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8f8cf87059ed1905c2a5c72f8b39a4f57b11b4c"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5e6e3000309359eae2a17117aa6e3c44897bf6c"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: ata: libata-sff: Ensure that we cannot write outside the allocated buffer", "id": "2348595", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2348595"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "6.7", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-119", "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nata: libata-sff: Ensure that we cannot write outside the allocated buffer\nreveliofuzzing reported that a SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND ioctl with out_len\nset to 0xd42, SCSI command set to ATA_16 PASS-THROUGH, ATA command set to\nATA_NOP, and protocol set to ATA_PROT_PIO, can cause ata_pio_sector() to\nwrite outside the allocated buffer, overwriting random memory.\nWhile a ATA device is supposed to abort a ATA_NOP command, there does seem\nto be a bug either in libata-sff or QEMU, where either this status is not\nset, or the status is cleared before read by ata_sff_hsm_move().\nAnyway, that is most likely a separate bug.\nLooking at __atapi_pio_bytes(), it already has a safety check to ensure\nthat __atapi_pio_bytes() cannot write outside the allocated buffer.\nAdd a similar check to ata_pio_sector(), such that also ata_pio_sector()\ncannot write outside the allocated buffer."], "name": "CVE-2025-21738", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-02-27T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21738\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21738\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025022659-CVE-2025-21738-f502@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

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