CVE-2025-11226

Conditional processing of logback.xml configuration file, in conjuction with Spring Framework and Janino

Published Oct 1, 2025 CVSS 4.0 · 7 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Description
ACE vulnerability in conditional configuration file processing by QOS.CH logback-core up to and including version 1.5.18 in Java applications, allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code by compromising an existing logback configuration file or by injecting an environment variable before program execution.



A successful attack requires the presence of Janino library and Spring Framework to be present on the user's class path. In addition, the attacker must  have write access to a
configuration file. Alternatively, the attacker could inject a malicious
environment variable pointing to a malicious configuration file. In both
cases, the attack requires existing privilege.

Remediation

Vendor Solution

Remove Janino from the Java classpath or update to logack version 1.5.19 or later.


Vendor Workaround

Remove Janino from the Java classpath or update to logack version 1.5.19 or later.

Tracking

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Advisories

Source ID Title
EUVD EUVD EUVD-2025-31861 ACE vulnerability in conditional configuration file processing by QOS.CH logback-core up to and including version 1.5.18 in Java applications, allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code by compromising an existing logback configuration file or by injecting an environment variable before program execution. A successful attack requires the presence of Janino library and Spring Framework to be present on the user's class path. In addition, the attacker must  have write access to a configuration file. Alternatively, the attacker could inject a malicious environment variable pointing to a malicious configuration file. In both cases, the attack requires existing privilege.
Github GHSA Github GHSA GHSA-25qh-j22f-pwp8 QOS.CH logback-core is vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution through file processing
History
Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'partial'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}

ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'total'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}

Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Qos.ch Sarl
Qos.ch Sarl logback-core
CPEs cpe:2.3:a:qos.ch_sarl:logback-core:*:*:java:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:qos.ch_sarl:logback-core:1.3.16:*:java:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:qos.ch_sarl:logback-core:1.5.19:*:java:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Qos.ch Sarl
Qos.ch Sarl logback-core
Metrics cvssV4_0

{'score': 5.9, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L/AU:N/RE:M/U:Green'}

cvssV4_0

{'score': 7, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/S:P/AU:N/RE:M/U:Green'}

Type Values Removed Values Added
References
Metrics threat_severity

None

cvssV3_1

{'score': 6.4, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L'}

threat_severity

Moderate

Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Qos
Qos logback
Vendors & Products Qos
Qos logback
Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'partial'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description ACE vulnerability in conditional configuration file processing by QOS.CH logback-core up to and including version 1.5.18 in Java applications, allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code by compromising an existing logback configuration file or by injecting an environment variable before program execution. A successful attack requires the presence of Janino library and Spring Framework to be present on the user's class path. In addition, the attacker must  have write access to a configuration file. Alternatively, the attacker could inject a malicious environment variable pointing to a malicious configuration file. In both cases, the attack requires existing privilege.
Title Conditional processing of logback.xml configuration file, in conjuction with Spring Framework and Janino
Weaknesses CWE-20
References
Metrics cvssV4_0

{'score': 5.9, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L/AU:N/RE:M/U:Green'}

Weaknesses

Sources

Status
PUBLISHED
Assigner
NCSC.ch
Published
Updated
Jun 25, 2026, 4:04 PM
Reserved
Oct 1, 2025, 7:25 AM
Status
Deferred
Published
Oct 1, 2025, 8:15 AM
Modified
Oct 9, 2026, 9:10 AM
Severity
Moderate
Public date
Oct 1, 2025, 7:26 AM