CVE-2024-56549

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Following is the process that triggers the issue:\n\n\t [write fd]\t\t\t\t[umount]\ncachefiles_ondemand_fd_write_iter\n\t\t\t\t fscache_cookie_state_machine\n\t\t\t\t\t cachefiles_withdraw_cookie\n if (!file) return -ENOBUFS\n\t\t\t\t\t cachefiles_clean_up_object\n\t\t\t\t\t cachefiles_unmark_inode_in_use\n\t\t\t\t\t fput(object->file)\n\t\t\t\t\t object->file = NULL\n // file NULL pointer dereference!\n __cachefiles_write(..., file, ...)\n\nFix this issue by add an additional reference count to the object->file\nbefore write/llseek, and decrement after it finished."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached through local file-descriptor operations (write()/lseek() on a cachefiles on-demand anon fd) raced against local cookie withdrawal (umount, LRU discard, invalidation). There is no remote or adjacent-network path into fs/cachefiles/ondemand.c.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 they generate the demand-read traffic that makes the daemon write on the anon fd, and they trigger the withdrawal (umount of their erofs-on-fscache mount, or letting the cookie idle past the ~2s LRU timeout) \u2014 and can retry the sequence indefinitely until the window is hit.\nPR:L - Although /dev/cachefiles itself requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN, an unprivileged local user of an on-demand erofs/fscache mount (e.g. inside a container using an on-demand image) drives both the daemon's writes and the cookie withdrawal without ever needing the anon fd, so basic unprivileged local access suffices.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed; the cachefiles daemon services demand-read requests automatically as part of normal operation, and the withdrawal path is driven by the attacker's own filesystem activity.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel memory within the same security authority; this is standard kernel memory corruption, not a hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossing.\nC:H - The use-after-free on struct file lets llseek/SEEK_DATA/SEEK_HOLE and DIO operations act on a freed slot that filp_cachep (SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU) hands out as an unrelated struct file, exposing freed-memory contents and redirecting reads to files the attacker has no access to.\nI:H - __cachefiles_write() calls get_file() and vfs_iocb_iter_write() on the dangling pointer, inflating a reallocated file's refcount (setting up a further UAF) and writing attacker-influenced cache data \u2014 plus fallocate() \u2014 into an unrelated open file, giving a controlled write primitive.\nA:H - Dereferencing the freed/NULLed object->file causes a kernel oops or panic, and the refcount corruption on the reallocated struct file leads to further fatal memory corruption."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["fs/cachefiles/interface.c", "fs/cachefiles/ondemand.c"], "versions": [{"version": "c8383054506c77b814489c09877b5db83fd4abf2", "lessThan": "d6bba3ece960129a553d4b16f1b00c884dc0993a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "c8383054506c77b814489c09877b5db83fd4abf2", "lessThan": "785408bbafcfa24c9fc5b251f03fd0780ce182bd", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "c8383054506c77b814489c09877b5db83fd4abf2", "lessThan": "f98770440c9bc468e2fd878212ec9526dbe08293", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "c8383054506c77b814489c09877b5db83fd4abf2", "lessThan": "9582c7664103c9043e80a78f5c382aa6bdd67418", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "c8383054506c77b814489c09877b5db83fd4abf2", "lessThan": "31ad74b20227ce6b40910ff78b1c604e42975cf1", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["fs/cachefiles/interface.c", "fs/cachefiles/ondemand.c"], "versions": [{"version": "5.19", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "5.19", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.129", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.78", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.11.11", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.11.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.2", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.13", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.129"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.78"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.11.11"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.2"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d6bba3ece960129a553d4b16f1b00c884dc0993a"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/785408bbafcfa24c9fc5b251f03fd0780ce182bd"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f98770440c9bc468e2fd878212ec9526dbe08293"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9582c7664103c9043e80a78f5c382aa6bdd67418"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/31ad74b20227ce6b40910ff78b1c604e42975cf1"}], "title": "cachefiles: Fix NULL pointer dereference in object->file", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}, "adp": [{"title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html"}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:32:24.323Z"}}, {"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2024-56549", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:41:03.958345Z"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:41:47.066Z"}}]}}

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There is no remote or adjacent-network path into fs/cachefiles/ondemand.c.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 they generate the demand-read traffic that makes the daemon write on the anon fd, and they trigger the withdrawal (umount of their erofs-on-fscache mount, or letting the cookie idle past the ~2s LRU timeout) \u2014 and can retry the sequence indefinitely until the window is hit.\nPR:L - Although /dev/cachefiles itself requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN, an unprivileged local user of an on-demand erofs/fscache mount (e.g. inside a container using an on-demand image) drives both the daemon's writes and the cookie withdrawal without ever needing the anon fd, so basic unprivileged local access suffices.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed; the cachefiles daemon services demand-read requests automatically as part of normal operation, and the withdrawal path is driven by the attacker's own filesystem activity.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel memory within the same security authority; this is standard kernel memory corruption, not a hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossing.\nC:H - The use-after-free on struct file lets llseek/SEEK_DATA/SEEK_HOLE and DIO operations act on a freed slot that filp_cachep (SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU) hands out as an unrelated struct file, exposing freed-memory contents and redirecting reads to files the attacker has no access to.\nI:H - __cachefiles_write() calls get_file() and vfs_iocb_iter_write() on the dangling pointer, inflating a reallocated file's refcount (setting up a further UAF) and writing attacker-influenced cache data \u2014 plus fallocate() \u2014 into an unrelated open file, giving a controlled write primitive.\nA:H - Dereferencing the freed/NULLed object->file causes a kernel oops or panic, and the refcount corruption on the reallocated struct file leads to further fatal memory corruption."}]}], "affected": [{"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "c8383054506c77b814489c09877b5db83fd4abf2", "lessThan": "d6bba3ece960129a553d4b16f1b00c884dc0993a", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "c8383054506c77b814489c09877b5db83fd4abf2", "lessThan": "785408bbafcfa24c9fc5b251f03fd0780ce182bd", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "c8383054506c77b814489c09877b5db83fd4abf2", "lessThan": "f98770440c9bc468e2fd878212ec9526dbe08293", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "c8383054506c77b814489c09877b5db83fd4abf2", "lessThan": "9582c7664103c9043e80a78f5c382aa6bdd67418", "versionType": "git"}, {"status": "affected", "version": "c8383054506c77b814489c09877b5db83fd4abf2", "lessThan": "31ad74b20227ce6b40910ff78b1c604e42975cf1", "versionType": "git"}], "programFiles": ["fs/cachefiles/interface.c", "fs/cachefiles/ondemand.c"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}, {"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "5.19"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "5.19", "versionType": "semver"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.1.129", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.6.78", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.11.11", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.11.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.12.2", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"}, {"status": "unaffected", "version": "6.13", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix", "lessThanOrEqual": "*"}], "programFiles": ["fs/cachefiles/interface.c", "fs/cachefiles/ondemand.c"], "defaultStatus": "affected"}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d6bba3ece960129a553d4b16f1b00c884dc0993a"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/785408bbafcfa24c9fc5b251f03fd0780ce182bd"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f98770440c9bc468e2fd878212ec9526dbe08293"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9582c7664103c9043e80a78f5c382aa6bdd67418"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/31ad74b20227ce6b40910ff78b1c604e42975cf1"}], "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncachefiles: Fix NULL pointer dereference in object->file\n\nAt present, the object->file has the NULL pointer dereference problem in\nondemand-mode. The root cause is that the allocated fd and object->file\nlifetime are inconsistent, and the user-space invocation to anon_fd uses\nobject->file. Following is the process that triggers the issue:\n\n\t [write fd]\t\t\t\t[umount]\ncachefiles_ondemand_fd_write_iter\n\t\t\t\t fscache_cookie_state_machine\n\t\t\t\t\t cachefiles_withdraw_cookie\n if (!file) return -ENOBUFS\n\t\t\t\t\t cachefiles_clean_up_object\n\t\t\t\t\t cachefiles_unmark_inode_in_use\n\t\t\t\t\t fput(object->file)\n\t\t\t\t\t object->file = NULL\n // file NULL pointer dereference!\n __cachefiles_write(..., file, ...)\n\nFix this issue by add an additional reference count to the object->file\nbefore write/llseek, and decrement after it finished."}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.129", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.78", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.11.11", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.2", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "versionEndExcluding": "6.13", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19"}], "operator": "OR"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:44:58.475Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2024-56549", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:41:47.066Z", "dateReserved": "2024-12-27T14:03:05.989Z", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "datePublished": "2024-12-27T14:11:30.336Z", "assignerShortName": "Linux"}, "dataVersion": "5.2"}

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The root cause is that the allocated fd and object->file\nlifetime are inconsistent, and the user-space invocation to anon_fd uses\nobject->file. Following is the process that triggers the issue:\n\n\t [write fd]\t\t\t\t[umount]\ncachefiles_ondemand_fd_write_iter\n\t\t\t\t fscache_cookie_state_machine\n\t\t\t\t\t cachefiles_withdraw_cookie\n if (!file) return -ENOBUFS\n\t\t\t\t\t cachefiles_clean_up_object\n\t\t\t\t\t cachefiles_unmark_inode_in_use\n\t\t\t\t\t fput(object->file)\n\t\t\t\t\t object->file = NULL\n // file NULL pointer dereference!\n __cachefiles_write(..., file, ...)\n\nFix this issue by add an additional reference count to the object->file\nbefore write/llseek, and decrement after it finished."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: cachefiles: Arreglar la desreferencia de puntero NULL en object->file En la actualidad, object->file tiene el problema de desreferencia de puntero NULL en el modo ondemand. La causa ra\u00edz es que el fd asignado y el tiempo de vida de object->file son inconsistentes, y la invocaci\u00f3n del espacio de usuario a anon_fd usa object->file. A continuaci\u00f3n, se muestra el proceso que desencadena el problema: [write fd] [umount] cachefiles_ondemand_fd_write_iter fscache_cookie_state_machine cachefiles_withdraw_cookie if (!file) return -ENOBUFS cachefiles_clean_up_object cachefiles_unmark_inode_in_use fput(object->file) object->file = NULL // file \u00a1Desreferencia de puntero NULL! __cachefiles_write(..., file, ...) Solucione este problema agregando un recuento de referencia adicional al objeto->archivo antes de escribir/llseek, y disminuya despu\u00e9s de que finalice."}], "id": "CVE-2024-56549", "lastModified": "2026-10-15T22:18:01.500", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2024-56549", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:41:03.958345Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2024-12-27T14:15:34.747", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/31ad74b20227ce6b40910ff78b1c604e42975cf1"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/785408bbafcfa24c9fc5b251f03fd0780ce182bd"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9582c7664103c9043e80a78f5c382aa6bdd67418"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d6bba3ece960129a553d4b16f1b00c884dc0993a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f98770440c9bc468e2fd878212ec9526dbe08293"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-476"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: cachefiles: Fix NULL pointer dereference in object->file", "id": "2334478", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2334478"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-476", "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\ncachefiles: Fix NULL pointer dereference in object->file\nAt present, the object->file has the NULL pointer dereference problem in\nondemand-mode. The root cause is that the allocated fd and object->file\nlifetime are inconsistent, and the user-space invocation to anon_fd uses\nobject->file. Following is the process that triggers the issue:\n[write fd][umount]\ncachefiles_ondemand_fd_write_iter\nfscache_cookie_state_machine\ncachefiles_withdraw_cookie\nif (!file) return -ENOBUFS\ncachefiles_clean_up_object\ncachefiles_unmark_inode_in_use\nfput(object->file)\nobject->file = NULL\n// file NULL pointer dereference!\n__cachefiles_write(..., file, ...)\nFix this issue by add an additional reference count to the object->file\nbefore write/llseek, and decrement after it finished."], "name": "CVE-2024-56549", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2024-12-27T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-56549\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56549\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2024122730-CVE-2024-56549-ebcd@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Low"}

{}