CVE-2024-44949

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If\none of these allocations is written using DMA and the other is written\nusing cached write, the value that was written with DMA may be\ncorrupted.\n\nThis commit changes ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN to be 128 on PA20 and 32 on PA1.1 -\nthat's the largest possible cache line size.\n\nAs different parisc microarchitectures have different cache line size, we\ndefine arch_slab_minalign(), cache_line_size() and\ndma_get_cache_alignment() so that the kernel may tune slab cache\nparameters dynamically, based on the detected cache line size."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The defect is in the parisc slab/DMA alignment definitions and manifests through the machine's own DMA-capable I/O paths; there is no remote-input parsing path, so an attacker needs local access to drive I/O and small slab allocations concurrently.\nAC:L - Cache-line sharing is structural rather than lucky \u2014 with only 16-byte slab alignment against a 32/128-byte hardware line, DMA buffers always share lines with unrelated allocations \u2014 and the attacker drives both sides of the race (I/O generating DMA, and syscalls dirtying neighbouring kmalloc objects) with unlimited retries.\nPR:L - Ordinary unprivileged operations suffice: file reads/writes and socket traffic trigger driver DMA on kmalloc'd buffers, while common syscalls allocate and write the small slab objects sharing those cache lines. No capability check exists anywhere on the path.\nUI:N - No victim action is required; corruption occurs during normal kernel I/O processing initiated entirely by the attacker.\nS:U - The device does not write outside its mapped buffer \u2014 the damage is a cache-maintenance artifact within kernel memory \u2014 so both the vulnerable and impacted components are the kernel itself, with no crossing of a privilege or IOMMU authority boundary.\nC:H - Device-DMA'd data lands in cache lines covering unrelated kernel objects and the invalidate-without-writeback reverts neighbours to stale contents, which can resurrect freed pointers and yield use-after-free style read primitives over kernel memory.\nI:H - This is silent memory corruption of arbitrary adjacent kernel slab objects \u2014 lost pointer and refcount stores give control-flow-relevant corruption \u2014 and it equally corrupts in-flight DMA payloads, meaning block I/O data written to or read from storage can be altered.\nA:H - Discarded writes to unrelated kernel structures and corrupted DMA data lead to inconsistent kernel state, use-after-free, oops and panic, as well as filesystem corruption on affected PA-RISC systems."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["arch/parisc/Kconfig", "arch/parisc/include/asm/cache.h"], "versions": [{"version": "a01fece2e4185ac173abd16d10304d73d47ebf00", "lessThan": "00baca74fb5879e5f9034b6156671301f500f8ee", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "a01fece2e4185ac173abd16d10304d73d47ebf00", "lessThan": "642a0b7453daff0295310774016fcb56d1f5bc7f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "a01fece2e4185ac173abd16d10304d73d47ebf00", "lessThan": "533de2f470baac40d3bf622fe631f15231a03c9f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "a01fece2e4185ac173abd16d10304d73d47ebf00", "lessThan": "7ae04ba36b381bffe2471eff3a93edced843240f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["arch/parisc/Kconfig", "arch/parisc/include/asm/cache.h"], "versions": [{"version": "4.4", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "4.4", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.119", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.46", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.10.5", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.11", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.119"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.46"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.10.5"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.11"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00baca74fb5879e5f9034b6156671301f500f8ee"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/642a0b7453daff0295310774016fcb56d1f5bc7f"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/533de2f470baac40d3bf622fe631f15231a03c9f"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ae04ba36b381bffe2471eff3a93edced843240f"}], "title": "parisc: fix a possible DMA corruption", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2024-44949", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2024-09-10T17:40:26.389987Z"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2024-09-12T17:33:37.283Z"}}, {"title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00001.html"}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T22:13:59.062Z"}}]}}

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If\none of these allocations is written using DMA and the other is written\nusing cached write, the value that was written with DMA may be\ncorrupted.\n\nThis commit changes ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN to be 128 on PA20 and 32 on PA1.1 -\nthat's the largest possible cache line size.\n\nAs different parisc microarchitectures have different cache line size, we\ndefine arch_slab_minalign(), cache_line_size() and\ndma_get_cache_alignment() so that the kernel may tune slab cache\nparameters dynamically, based on the detected cache line size."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: parisc: se corrige una posible corrupci\u00f3n de DMA ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN se defini\u00f3 como 16 - esto es demasiado peque\u00f1o - puede ser posible que dos asignaciones de 16 bytes no relacionadas compartan una l\u00ednea de cach\u00e9. Si una de estas asignaciones se escribe usando DMA y la otra se escribe usando escritura en cach\u00e9, el valor que se escribi\u00f3 con DMA puede estar da\u00f1ado. Esta confirmaci\u00f3n cambia ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN a 128 en PA20 y 32 en PA1.1 - ese es el tama\u00f1o de l\u00ednea de cach\u00e9 m\u00e1s grande posible. Como las diferentes microarquitecturas de parisc tienen diferentes tama\u00f1os de l\u00ednea de cach\u00e9, definimos arch_slab_minalign(), cache_line_size() y dma_get_cache_alignment() para que el kernel pueda ajustar los par\u00e1metros de cach\u00e9 de losa din\u00e1micamente, seg\u00fan el tama\u00f1o de l\u00ednea de cach\u00e9 detectado."}], "id": "CVE-2024-44949", "lastModified": "2026-08-04T11:20:02.953", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2024-44949", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2024-09-10T17:40:26.389987Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2024-09-04T19:15:30.040", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00baca74fb5879e5f9034b6156671301f500f8ee"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/533de2f470baac40d3bf622fe631f15231a03c9f"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/642a0b7453daff0295310774016fcb56d1f5bc7f"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ae04ba36b381bffe2471eff3a93edced843240f"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00001.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: parisc: fix a possible DMA corruption", "id": "2309780", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2309780"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.1", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-665", "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nparisc: fix a possible DMA corruption\nARCH_DMA_MINALIGN was defined as 16 - this is too small - it may be\npossible that two unrelated 16-byte allocations share a cache line. If\none of these allocations is written using DMA and the other is written\nusing cached write, the value that was written with DMA may be\ncorrupted.\nThis commit changes ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN to be 128 on PA20 and 32 on PA1.1 -\nthat's the largest possible cache line size.\nAs different parisc microarchitectures have different cache line size, we\ndefine arch_slab_minalign(), cache_line_size() and\ndma_get_cache_alignment() so that the kernel may tune slab cache\nparameters dynamically, based on the detected cache line size."], "name": "CVE-2024-44949", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2024-09-04T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-44949\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-44949\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2024090410-CVE-2024-44949-8f05@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{}