CVE-2023-52923

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Async GC enqueues transaction work that might be\naborted and retried later.\n\nrbtree and pipapo set backends does not set on the _DEAD bit from the\nsync GC path since this runs in control plane path where mutex is held.\nIn this case, set elements are deactivated, removed and then released\nvia RCU callback, sync GC never fails."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - Reachable only via local nfnetlink/nftables control-plane syscalls (NFT_MSG_NEWSETELEM/DELSETELEM and related set ops), not via remote packet processing.\nAC:L - An attacker can create timed-out set elements and concurrently delete/flush them from another thread while async GC runs, controlling both sides of the GC vs control-plane race that caused double-deactivation/UAF.\nPR:L - nfnetlink requires CAP_NET_ADMIN via netlink_net_capable() in the network namespace's user_ns, which an unprivileged attacker obtains with user+net namespaces (unshare -Urn).\nUI:N - Exploitation needs no victim action beyond the attacker's own netlink transactions in their namespace.\nS:U - Impact is privilege escalation within the same kernel/host authority; this is not a VM/IOMMU/sandbox boundary escape.\nC:H - The buggy busy-mark GC path allows use-after-free / double-deactivation of set elements (explicitly UaF in the GC rework; same series as CVE-2023-4244 LPE), which can be leveraged for arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - Set-element UAF enables heap reuse and write primitives for control-flow hijacking / local privilege escalation, consistent with related nf_tables GC race UAFs.\nA:H - UAF and double-free of set elements can oops/panic the kernel even when not fully exploited for code execution."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": 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buggy gc API and the\nbusy mark approach.\n\nNo set elements are removed from async garbage collection anymore,\ninstead the _DEAD bit is set on so the set element is not visible from\nlookup path anymore. Async GC enqueues transaction work that might be\naborted and retried later.\n\nrbtree and pipapo set backends does not set on the _DEAD bit from the\nsync GC path since this runs in control plane path where mutex is held.\nIn this case, set elements are deactivated, removed and then released\nvia RCU callback, sync GC never fails."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: netfilter: nf_tables: adaptar el backend del conjunto para usar la API de transacci\u00f3n de GC Use la API de transacci\u00f3n de GC para reemplazar la antigua y defectuosa API de gc y el enfoque de marca de ocupado. Ya no se eliminan elementos del conjunto de la recolecci\u00f3n de basura as\u00edncrona, en su lugar, se activa el bit _DEAD para que el elemento del conjunto ya no sea visible desde la ruta de b\u00fasqueda. La recolecci\u00f3n de basura as\u00edncrona pone en cola el trabajo de la transacci\u00f3n que podr\u00eda abortarse y reintentarse m\u00e1s tarde. Los backends de conjunto de rbtree y pipapo no activan el bit _DEAD de la ruta de GC de sincronizaci\u00f3n, ya que esto se ejecuta en la ruta del plano de control donde se mantiene el mutex. En este caso, los elementos del conjunto se desactivan, se eliminan y luego se liberan a trav\u00e9s de la devoluci\u00f3n de llamada de RCU, la GC de sincronizaci\u00f3n nunca falla."}], "id": "CVE-2023-52923", "lastModified": "2026-08-04T10:18:49.430", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-01-20T11:15:07.670", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/146c76866795553dbc19998f36718d7986ad302b"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/479a2cf5259347d6a1f658b0f791d27a34908e91"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c357648929c8dff891502349769aafb8f0452bc2"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb4d00b563675ba8ff6ef94b077f58d816f68ba3"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/df650d6a4bf47248261b61ef6b174d7c54034d15"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e4d71d6a9c7db93f7bf20c3a0f0659d63d7de681"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f6c383b8c31a93752a52697f8430a71dcbc46adf"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: netfilter: nf_tables: adapt set backend to use GC transaction API", "id": "2338989", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2338989"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-99", "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nnetfilter: nf_tables: adapt set backend to use GC transaction API\nUse the GC transaction API to replace the old and buggy gc API and the\nbusy mark approach.\nNo set elements are removed from async garbage collection anymore,\ninstead the _DEAD bit is set on so the set element is not visible from\nlookup path anymore. Async GC enqueues transaction work that might be\naborted and retried later.\nrbtree and pipapo set backends does not set on the _DEAD bit from the\nsync GC path since this runs in control plane path where mutex is held.\nIn this case, set elements are deactivated, removed and then released\nvia RCU callback, sync GC never fails."], "name": "CVE-2023-52923", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-01-20T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52923\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-52923\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025012034-CVE-2023-52923-416e@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"created": "2025-07-13T21:47:01.736547+00:00", "updated": "2025-07-13T21:47:01.736617+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}