CVE-2023-31446

View on CVE.org

Published Jan 10, 2024 CVSS 3.1 · 9.8 Critical EPSS 61.1% KEV · Not listed

Description

In Cassia Gateway firmware XC1000_2.1.1.2303082218 and XC2000_2.1.1.2303090947, the queueUrl parameter in /bypass/config is not sanitized. This leads to injecting Bash code and executing it with root privileges on device startup.

Affected Products

Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).

Vendor Product Default status Versions

n/a

n/a

affected

Version	Status	Constraints
`n/a`	affected	—

Configuration 1 [-]

AND

cpe:2.3:o:cassianetworks:xc1000_firmware:2.1.1.2303082218:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:h:cassianetworks:xc1000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Configuration 2 [-]

AND

cpe:2.3:o:cassianetworks:xc2000_firmware:2.1.1.2303090947:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:h:cassianetworks:xc2000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

No data.

No data available yet.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record

Tracking

Sign in to view the affected projects.

Advisories

No advisories available

Metrics

No CVSS v4.0

Attack Vector Network

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required None

Scope Unchanged

Confidentiality Impact High

Integrity Impact High

Availability Impact High

User Interaction None

No CVSS v3.0

No CVSS v2

This CVE is not in the KEV list.

Exploit prediction score: 61.1% (61.081% probability within 30 days)

Exploitation none

Automatable no

Technical Impact total

References

Link	Providers
https://blog.kscsc.online/cves/202331446/md.html
https://github.com/Dodge-MPTC/CVE-2023-31446-Remote-Code-Execution
https://www.cassianetworks.com

History

Jun 20, 2025 4:15 PM Weaknesses updated. Scoring metrics updated View changes

Type	Values Removed	Values Added
Weaknesses		CWE-77
Metrics		ssvc `{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'total'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}`

Subscriptions

Cassianetworks Xc1000 Xc1000 Firmware Xc2000 Xc2000 Firmware

Weaknesses

Sources

CVE record Updated: Jun 20, 2025, 3:36 PM

Status: PUBLISHED
Assigner: mitre
Published: Jan 10, 2024, 12:00 AM
Updated: Jun 20, 2025, 3:36 PM
Reserved: Apr 28, 2023, 12:00 AM

View source JSON

Vulnrichment Updated: Aug 2, 2024, 2:53 PM

Updated: Aug 2, 2024, 2:53 PM

NVD Updated: Jun 17, 2026, 5:56 AM

Status: Modified
Published: Jan 10, 2024, 3:15 AM
Modified: Jun 17, 2026, 5:56 AM

View source JSON

Red Hat No data

No data.

OpenCVE enrichment No data

No data.

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1", "cveMetadata": {"state": "PUBLISHED", "cveId": "CVE-2023-31446", "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca", "assignerShortName": "mitre", "dateUpdated": "2025-06-20T15:36:04.915Z", "dateReserved": "2023-04-28T00:00:00.000Z", "datePublished": "2024-01-10T00:00:00.000Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca", "shortName": "mitre", "dateUpdated": "2024-01-29T21:01:36.064Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In Cassia Gateway firmware XC1000_2.1.1.2303082218 and XC2000_2.1.1.2303090947, the queueUrl parameter in /bypass/config is not sanitized. This leads to injecting Bash code and executing it with root privileges on device startup."}], "affected": [{"vendor": "n/a", "product": "n/a", "versions": [{"version": "n/a", "status": "affected"}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://www.cassianetworks.com"}, {"url": "https://github.com/Dodge-MPTC/CVE-2023-31446-Remote-Code-Execution"}, {"url": "https://blog.kscsc.online/cves/202331446/md.html"}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"type": "text", "lang": "en", "description": "n/a"}]}]}, "adp": [{"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T14:53:30.768Z"}, "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "https://www.cassianetworks.com", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/Dodge-MPTC/CVE-2023-31446-Remote-Code-Execution", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://blog.kscsc.online/cves/202331446/md.html", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}]}, {"problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-77", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-77 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 9.8, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"}}, {"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2024-01-11T16:04:45.672833Z", "id": "CVE-2023-31446", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-06-20T15:36:04.915Z"}}]}}

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1", "cveMetadata": {"state": "PUBLISHED", "cveId": "CVE-2023-31446", "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca", "assignerShortName": "mitre", "dateUpdated": "2025-06-20T15:36:04.915Z", "dateReserved": "2023-04-28T00:00:00.000Z", "datePublished": "2024-01-10T00:00:00.000Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca", "shortName": "mitre", "dateUpdated": "2024-01-29T21:01:36.064Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In Cassia Gateway firmware XC1000_2.1.1.2303082218 and XC2000_2.1.1.2303090947, the queueUrl parameter in /bypass/config is not sanitized. This leads to injecting Bash code and executing it with root privileges on device startup."}], "affected": [{"vendor": "n/a", "product": "n/a", "versions": [{"version": "n/a", "status": "affected"}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://www.cassianetworks.com"}, {"url": "https://github.com/Dodge-MPTC/CVE-2023-31446-Remote-Code-Execution"}, {"url": "https://blog.kscsc.online/cves/202331446/md.html"}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"type": "text", "lang": "en", "description": "n/a"}]}]}, "adp": [{"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T14:53:30.768Z"}, "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "https://www.cassianetworks.com", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/Dodge-MPTC/CVE-2023-31446-Remote-Code-Execution", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://blog.kscsc.online/cves/202331446/md.html", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}]}, {"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 9.8, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"}}, {"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2023-31446", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2024-01-11T16:04:45.672833Z"}}}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-77", "description": "CWE-77 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-06-20T15:35:38.457Z"}}]}}

{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"product": "n/a", "vendor": "n/a", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]}], "source": "cve@mitre.org"}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:cassianetworks:xc1000_firmware:2.1.1.2303082218:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B7C84913-0EE2-42DA-9B20-F119832582E3", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}, {"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:cassianetworks:xc1000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "AB90135B-8784-41EB-A47C-8216FBBC0191", "vulnerable": false}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}], "operator": "AND"}, {"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:cassianetworks:xc2000_firmware:2.1.1.2303090947:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "067AAEE2-F0CD-487F-8742-604920C92457", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}, {"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:cassianetworks:xc2000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "504752EC-9B6A-4E55-B3F1-27876130C01B", "vulnerable": false}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}], "operator": "AND"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In Cassia Gateway firmware XC1000_2.1.1.2303082218 and XC2000_2.1.1.2303090947, the queueUrl parameter in /bypass/config is not sanitized. This leads to injecting Bash code and executing it with root privileges on device startup."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el firmware XC1000_2.1.1.2303082218 y XC2000_2.1.1.2303090947 de Cassia Gateway, el par\u00e1metro queueUrl en /bypass/config no est\u00e1 sanitizado. Esto lleva a inyectar c\u00f3digo Bash y ejecutarlo con privilegios de root al iniciar el dispositivo."}], "id": "CVE-2023-31446", "lastModified": "2026-06-17T05:56:58.370", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2023-31446", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2024-01-11T16:04:45.672833Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2024-01-10T03:15:43.263", "references": [{"source": "cve@mitre.org", "url": "https://blog.kscsc.online/cves/202331446/md.html"}, {"source": "cve@mitre.org", "tags": ["Exploit", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://github.com/Dodge-MPTC/CVE-2023-31446-Remote-Code-Execution"}, {"source": "cve@mitre.org", "tags": ["Product"], "url": "https://www.cassianetworks.com"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "https://blog.kscsc.online/cves/202331446/md.html"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Exploit", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://github.com/Dodge-MPTC/CVE-2023-31446-Remote-Code-Execution"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Product"], "url": "https://www.cassianetworks.com"}], "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-77"}], "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}]}