{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"product": "macOS", "vendor": "Apple", "versions": [{"lessThan": "13.3", "status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "versionType": "custom"}]}, {"product": "iOS and iPadOS", "vendor": "Apple", "versions": [{"lessThan": "16.4", "status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "versionType": "custom"}]}, {"product": "macOS", "vendor": "Apple", "versions": [{"lessThan": "12.6", "status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "versionType": "custom"}]}, {"product": "watchOS", "vendor": "Apple", "versions": [{"lessThan": "9.4", "status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "versionType": "custom"}]}, {"product": "tvOS", "vendor": "Apple", "versions": [{"lessThan": "16.4", "status": "affected", "version": "unspecified", "versionType": "custom"}]}], "source": "product-security@apple.com"}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "EE68C5EC-5829-481D-BFF7-0A501018A3CE", "versionEndExcluding": "16.4", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "F02C0CA5-8ABA-48C7-BCAE-5CF25435DF87", "versionEndExcluding": "16.4", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "3C93428C-C9B4-464F-8A4A-0CE8D7BB2BAA", "versionEndExcluding": "12.6.4", "versionStartIncluding": "12.0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "A6D636F7-278A-491B-8960-91A4D5A86A96", "versionEndExcluding": "13.3", "versionStartIncluding": "13.0", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "A logic issue was addressed with improved validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4, macOS Monterey 12.6.4, tvOS 16.4, watchOS 9.4. An app may be able to bypass Privacy preferences."}], "id": "CVE-2023-28178", "lastModified": "2026-06-17T05:47:02.357", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2023-28178", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2025-01-29T15:15:25.209841Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2023-05-08T20:15:19.163", "references": [{"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213670"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213674"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213676"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213677"}, {"source": "product-security@apple.com", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213678"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213670"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213674"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213676"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213677"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213678"}], "sourceIdentifier": "product-security@apple.com", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}