CVE-2023-25194

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2023-25194", "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "apache", "dateReserved": "2023-02-05T16:20:53.202Z", "datePublished": "2023-02-07T19:11:22.260Z", "dateUpdated": "2025-03-25T14:12:50.930Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"affected": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "Apache Kafka Connect API", "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation", "versions": [{"lessThan": "3.4.0", "status": "affected", "version": "2.3.0", "versionType": "semver"}]}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "value": "Apache Kafka would like to thank to Jari J\u00e4\u00e4skel\u00e4 (https://hackerone.com/reports/1529790) and 4ra1n and Y4tacker (they found vulnerabilities in other Apache projects. After discussion between PMC of the two projects, it was finally confirmed that it was the vulnerability of Kafka then they reported it to us)"}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "A possible security vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Connect API.<br>This requires access to a Kafka Connect worker, and the ability to create/modify connectors on it with an arbitrary Kafka client SASL JAAS config<br>and a SASL-based security protocol, which has been possible on Kafka Connect clusters since Apache Kafka Connect 2.3.0.<br>When configuring the connector via the Kafka Connect REST API, an&nbsp;<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">authenticated operator</span>&nbsp;can set the <span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">`sasl.jaas.config`<br></span>property for any of the connector's Kafka clients&nbsp;to \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\", which can be done via the<br>`producer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, `consumer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, or `admin.override.sasl.jaas.config` properties.<br>This will allow the server to connect to the attacker's LDAP server<br>and deserialize the LDAP response, which the attacker can use to execute java deserialization gadget chains on the Kafka connect server.<br>Attacker can cause <span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">unrestricted deserialization of untrusted data (or)&nbsp;</span>RCE vulnerability when there are gadgets in the classpath.<br><br>Since Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users are allowed to specify these properties in connector configurations for Kafka Connect clusters running with out-of-the-box<br>configurations. Before Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users may not specify these properties unless the Kafka Connect cluster has been reconfigured with a connector<br>client override policy that permits them.<br><br>Since Apache Kafka 3.4.0, we have added a system property (\"-Dorg.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\") to disable the problematic login modules usage<br>in SASL JAAS configuration. Also by default \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\" is disabled in Apache Kafka Connect 3.4.0. <br><br>We advise the Kafka Connect users to validate connector configurations and only allow trusted JNDI configurations. Also examine connector dependencies for <br>vulnerable versions and either upgrade their connectors, upgrading that specific dependency, or removing the connectors as options for remediation. Finally,<br><span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">in addition to leveraging the \"org.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\" system property, Kafka Connect users can also implement their own connector<br>client config override policy, which can be used to control which Kafka client properties can be overridden directly in a connector config and which cannot.</span><br>"}], "value": "A possible security vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Connect API.\nThis requires access to a Kafka Connect worker, and the ability to create/modify connectors on it with an arbitrary Kafka client SASL JAAS config\nand a SASL-based security protocol, which has been possible on Kafka Connect clusters since Apache Kafka Connect 2.3.0.\nWhen configuring the connector via the Kafka Connect REST API, an\u00a0authenticated operator\u00a0can set the `sasl.jaas.config`\nproperty for any of the connector's Kafka clients\u00a0to \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\", which can be done via the\n`producer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, `consumer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, or `admin.override.sasl.jaas.config` properties.\nThis will allow the server to connect to the attacker's LDAP server\nand deserialize the LDAP response, which the attacker can use to execute java deserialization gadget chains on the Kafka connect server.\nAttacker can cause unrestricted deserialization of untrusted data (or)\u00a0RCE vulnerability when there are gadgets in the classpath.\n\nSince Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users are allowed to specify these properties in connector configurations for Kafka Connect clusters running with out-of-the-box\nconfigurations. Before Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users may not specify these properties unless the Kafka Connect cluster has been reconfigured with a connector\nclient override policy that permits them.\n\nSince Apache Kafka 3.4.0, we have added a system property (\"-Dorg.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\") to disable the problematic login modules usage\nin SASL JAAS configuration. Also by default \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\" is disabled in Apache Kafka Connect 3.4.0. \n\nWe advise the Kafka Connect users to validate connector configurations and only allow trusted JNDI configurations. Also examine connector dependencies for \nvulnerable versions and either upgrade their connectors, upgrading that specific dependency, or removing the connectors as options for remediation. Finally,\nin addition to leveraging the \"org.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\" system property, Kafka Connect users can also implement their own connector\nclient config override policy, which can be used to control which Kafka client properties can be overridden directly in a connector config and which cannot.\n"}], "metrics": [{"other": {"content": {"text": "important"}, "type": "Textual description of severity"}}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-502", "description": "CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09", "shortName": "apache", "dateUpdated": "2023-07-21T11:35:25.117Z"}, "references": [{"tags": ["release-notes"], "url": "https://kafka.apache.org/cve-list"}, {"tags": ["vendor-advisory"], "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/vy1c7fqcdqvq5grcqp6q5jyyb302khyz"}, {"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173151/Apache-Druid-JNDI-Injection-Remote-Code-Execution.html"}], "source": {"discovery": "UNKNOWN"}, "title": "Apache Kafka Connect API: Possible RCE/Denial of service attack via SASL JAAS JndiLoginModule configuration using Kafka Connect ", "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"}}, "adp": [{"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T11:18:35.675Z"}, "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"tags": ["release-notes", "x_transferred"], "url": "https://kafka.apache.org/cve-list"}, {"tags": ["vendor-advisory", "x_transferred"], "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/vy1c7fqcdqvq5grcqp6q5jyyb302khyz"}, {"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173151/Apache-Druid-JNDI-Injection-Remote-Code-Execution.html", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}]}, {"metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 8.8, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"}}, {"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2025-03-25T14:12:44.371635Z", "id": "CVE-2023-25194", "options": [{"Exploitation": "poc"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-03-25T14:12:50.930Z"}}]}}

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After discussion between PMC of the two projects, it was finally confirmed that it was the vulnerability of Kafka then they reported it to us)"}], "metrics": [{"other": {"type": "Textual description of severity", "content": {"text": "important"}}}], "affected": [{"vendor": "Apache Software Foundation", "product": "Apache Kafka Connect API", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "2.3.0", "lessThan": "3.4.0", "versionType": "semver"}], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}], "references": [{"url": "https://kafka.apache.org/cve-list", "tags": ["release-notes"]}, {"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/vy1c7fqcdqvq5grcqp6q5jyyb302khyz", "tags": ["vendor-advisory"]}, {"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173151/Apache-Druid-JNDI-Injection-Remote-Code-Execution.html"}], "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "A possible security vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Connect API.\nThis requires access to a Kafka Connect worker, and the ability to create/modify connectors on it with an arbitrary Kafka client SASL JAAS config\nand a SASL-based security protocol, which has been possible on Kafka Connect clusters since Apache Kafka Connect 2.3.0.\nWhen configuring the connector via the Kafka Connect REST API, an\u00a0authenticated operator\u00a0can set the `sasl.jaas.config`\nproperty for any of the connector's Kafka clients\u00a0to \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\", which can be done via the\n`producer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, `consumer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, or `admin.override.sasl.jaas.config` properties.\nThis will allow the server to connect to the attacker's LDAP server\nand deserialize the LDAP response, which the attacker can use to execute java deserialization gadget chains on the Kafka connect server.\nAttacker can cause unrestricted deserialization of untrusted data (or)\u00a0RCE vulnerability when there are gadgets in the classpath.\n\nSince Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users are allowed to specify these properties in connector configurations for Kafka Connect clusters running with out-of-the-box\nconfigurations. Before Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users may not specify these properties unless the Kafka Connect cluster has been reconfigured with a connector\nclient override policy that permits them.\n\nSince Apache Kafka 3.4.0, we have added a system property (\"-Dorg.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\") to disable the problematic login modules usage\nin SASL JAAS configuration. Also by default \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\" is disabled in Apache Kafka Connect 3.4.0. \n\nWe advise the Kafka Connect users to validate connector configurations and only allow trusted JNDI configurations. Also examine connector dependencies for \nvulnerable versions and either upgrade their connectors, upgrading that specific dependency, or removing the connectors as options for remediation. Finally,\nin addition to leveraging the \"org.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\" system property, Kafka Connect users can also implement their own connector\nclient config override policy, which can be used to control which Kafka client properties can be overridden directly in a connector config and which cannot.\n", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "A possible security vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Connect API.<br>This requires access to a Kafka Connect worker, and the ability to create/modify connectors on it with an arbitrary Kafka client SASL JAAS config<br>and a SASL-based security protocol, which has been possible on Kafka Connect clusters since Apache Kafka Connect 2.3.0.<br>When configuring the connector via the Kafka Connect REST API, an&nbsp;<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">authenticated operator</span>&nbsp;can set the <span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">`sasl.jaas.config`<br></span>property for any of the connector's Kafka clients&nbsp;to \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\", which can be done via the<br>`producer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, `consumer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, or `admin.override.sasl.jaas.config` properties.<br>This will allow the server to connect to the attacker's LDAP server<br>and deserialize the LDAP response, which the attacker can use to execute java deserialization gadget chains on the Kafka connect server.<br>Attacker can cause <span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">unrestricted deserialization of untrusted data (or)&nbsp;</span>RCE vulnerability when there are gadgets in the classpath.<br><br>Since Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users are allowed to specify these properties in connector configurations for Kafka Connect clusters running with out-of-the-box<br>configurations. Before Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users may not specify these properties unless the Kafka Connect cluster has been reconfigured with a connector<br>client override policy that permits them.<br><br>Since Apache Kafka 3.4.0, we have added a system property (\"-Dorg.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\") to disable the problematic login modules usage<br>in SASL JAAS configuration. Also by default \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\" is disabled in Apache Kafka Connect 3.4.0. <br><br>We advise the Kafka Connect users to validate connector configurations and only allow trusted JNDI configurations. Also examine connector dependencies for <br>vulnerable versions and either upgrade their connectors, upgrading that specific dependency, or removing the connectors as options for remediation. Finally,<br><span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">in addition to leveraging the \"org.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\" system property, Kafka Connect users can also implement their own connector<br>client config override policy, which can be used to control which Kafka client properties can be overridden directly in a connector config and which cannot.</span><br>", "base64": false}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-502", "description": "CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09", "shortName": "apache", "dateUpdated": "2023-07-21T11:35:25.117Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2023-25194", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2025-03-25T14:12:50.930Z", "dateReserved": "2023-02-05T16:20:53.202Z", "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09", "datePublished": "2023-02-07T19:11:22.260Z", "assignerShortName": "apache"}, "dataVersion": "5.1"}

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Before Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users may not specify these properties unless the Kafka Connect cluster has been reconfigured with a connector\nclient override policy that permits them.\n\nSince Apache Kafka 3.4.0, we have added a system property (\"-Dorg.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\") to disable the problematic login modules usage\nin SASL JAAS configuration. Also by default \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\" is disabled in Apache Kafka Connect 3.4.0. \n\nWe advise the Kafka Connect users to validate connector configurations and only allow trusted JNDI configurations. Also examine connector dependencies for \nvulnerable versions and either upgrade their connectors, upgrading that specific dependency, or removing the connectors as options for remediation. Finally,\nin addition to leveraging the \"org.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\" system property, Kafka Connect users can also implement their own connector\nclient config override policy, which can be used to control which Kafka client properties can be overridden directly in a connector config and which cannot.\n"}], "id": "CVE-2023-25194", "lastModified": "2026-06-17T05:40:53.747", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2023-25194", "options": [{"exploitation": "poc"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2025-03-25T14:12:44.371635Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2023-02-07T20:15:09.017", "references": [{"source": "security@apache.org", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory", "VDB Entry"], "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173151/Apache-Druid-JNDI-Injection-Remote-Code-Execution.html"}, {"source": "security@apache.org", "tags": ["Mitigation", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://kafka.apache.org/cve-list"}, {"source": "security@apache.org", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Mitigation"], "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/vy1c7fqcdqvq5grcqp6q5jyyb302khyz"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory", "VDB Entry"], "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173151/Apache-Druid-JNDI-Injection-Remote-Code-Execution.html"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mitigation", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://kafka.apache.org/cve-list"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Mitigation"], "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/vy1c7fqcdqvq5grcqp6q5jyyb302khyz"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security@apache.org", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-502"}], "source": "security@apache.org", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"affected_release": [{"advisory": "RHSA-2023:1241", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2", "product_name": "Red Hat AMQ Streams 2.2.1", "release_date": "2023-03-14T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:3223", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2", "product_name": "Red Hat AMQ Streams 2.4.0", "release_date": "2023-05-18T00:00:00Z"}], "bugzilla": {"description": "kafka: RCE/DoS via SASL JAAS JndiLoginModule configuration in Kafka Connect", "id": "2216516", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2216516"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "8.8", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "verified"}, "cwe": "CWE-502", "details": ["A possible security vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Connect API.\nThis requires access to a Kafka Connect worker, and the ability to create/modify connectors on it with an arbitrary Kafka client SASL JAAS config\nand a SASL-based security protocol, which has been possible on Kafka Connect clusters since Apache Kafka Connect 2.3.0.\nWhen configuring the connector via the Kafka Connect REST API, an\u00a0authenticated operator\u00a0can set the `sasl.jaas.config`\nproperty for any of the connector's Kafka clients\u00a0to \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\", which can be done via the\n`producer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, `consumer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, or `admin.override.sasl.jaas.config` properties.\nThis will allow the server to connect to the attacker's LDAP server\nand deserialize the LDAP response, which the attacker can use to execute java deserialization gadget chains on the Kafka connect server.\nAttacker can cause unrestricted deserialization of untrusted data (or)\u00a0RCE vulnerability when there are gadgets in the classpath.\nSince Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users are allowed to specify these properties in connector configurations for Kafka Connect clusters running with out-of-the-box\nconfigurations. Before Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users may not specify these properties unless the Kafka Connect cluster has been reconfigured with a connector\nclient override policy that permits them.\nSince Apache Kafka 3.4.0, we have added a system property (\"-Dorg.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\") to disable the problematic login modules usage\nin SASL JAAS configuration. Also by default \"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\" is disabled in Apache Kafka Connect 3.4.0. \nWe advise the Kafka Connect users to validate connector configurations and only allow trusted JNDI configurations. Also examine connector dependencies for \nvulnerable versions and either upgrade their connectors, upgrading that specific dependency, or removing the connectors as options for remediation. Finally,\nin addition to leveraging the \"org.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\" system property, Kafka Connect users can also implement their own connector\nclient config override policy, which can be used to control which Kafka client properties can be overridden directly in a connector config and which cannot.", "A flaw was found in Apache Kafka Connect's REST API that permits configuration of SASL property by an authenticated operator, which could allow connection to a malicious LDAP server and subsequent deserialization of malicious content. This issue could allow an authenticated attacker to cause a denial of service or execute arbitrary code on the server, given presence of vulnerable classes on the server's classpath."], "name": "CVE-2023-25194", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:service_registry:2", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kafka-connect", "product_name": "Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kafka-connect", "product_name": "streams for Apache Kafka"}], "public_date": "2023-02-07T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25194\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25194\nhttps://kafka.apache.org/cve-list#CVE-2023-25194\nhttps://lists.apache.org/thread/vy1c7fqcdqvq5grcqp6q5jyyb302khyz"], "threat_severity": "Important"}

{}