CVE-2023-0242

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Administrators are generally allowed to run any command on the server including writing arbitrary files. However, lower privilege users are generally forbidden from writing or modifying files on the server.<br><br>The VQL copy() function applies permission checks for reading files but does not check for permission to write files. This allows a low privilege user (usually, users with the Velociraptor \"investigator\" role) to overwrite files on the server, including Velociraptor configuration files.<br><br>To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must already have a Velociraptor user account at a low privilege level (at least \"analyst\") and be able to log into the GUI and create a notebook where they can run the VQL query invoking the copy() VQL function. Typically, most users deploy Velociraptor with limited access to a trusted group (most users will be administrators within the GUI).<br><p>This vulnerability is associated with program files <tt><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go\">https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go</a></tt> and program routines <tt>copy()</tt>.</p><p>This issue affects Velociraptor versions before 0.6.7-5. Version 0.6.7-5, released January 16, 2023, fixes the issue.</p>"}], "value": "Rapid7 Velociraptor allows users to be created with different privileges on the server. Administrators are generally allowed to run any command on the server including writing arbitrary files. However, lower privilege users are generally forbidden from writing or modifying files on the server.\n\nThe VQL copy() function applies permission checks for reading files but does not check for permission to write files. This allows a low privilege user (usually, users with the Velociraptor \"investigator\" role) to overwrite files on the server, including Velociraptor configuration files.\n\nTo exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must already have a Velociraptor user account at a low privilege level (at least \"analyst\") and be able to log into the GUI and create a notebook where they can run the VQL query invoking the copy() VQL function. Typically, most users deploy Velociraptor with limited access to a trusted group (most users will be administrators within the GUI).\nThis vulnerability is associated with program files https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go and program routines copy().\n\nThis issue affects Velociraptor versions before 0.6.7-5. Version 0.6.7-5, released January 16, 2023, fixes the issue.\n\n"}], "impacts": [{"capecId": "CAPEC-75", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CAPEC-75 Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files"}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-269", "description": "CWE-269 Improper Privilege Management", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "9974b330-7714-4307-a722-5648477acda7", "shortName": "rapid7", "dateUpdated": "2023-01-18T20:57:30.570Z"}, "references": [{"tags": ["release-notes"], "url": "https://docs.velociraptor.app/announcements/2023-cves/#:~:text=to%20upgrade%20clients.-,CVE%2D2023%2D0242,-Insufficient%20Permission%20Check"}], "solutions": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "Upgrade to 0.6.7-5"}], "value": "Upgrade to 0.6.7-5"}], "source": {"discovery": "EXTERNAL"}, "timeline": [{"lang": "en", "time": "2023-01-12T07:00:00.000Z", "value": "Notification of the issue"}, {"lang": "en", "time": "2023-01-17T02:00:00.000Z", "value": "Release 0.6.7-5 made available on Github"}], "title": "Insufficient permission check in the VQL copy() function", "workarounds": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "A valid workaround is to prevent the copy function in the Velociraptor allow list:<br><br>1. 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In the configuration wizard answer yes to the question \"Do you want to restrict VQL functionality on the server?\"\n2. This will add a default allow list to the configuration file.\n3. Copy this allow list to your existing server.config.yaml\n4. Ensure the \"copy\" function is removed from the default allow list.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "A valid workaround is to prevent the copy function in the Velociraptor allow list:<br><br>1. In the configuration wizard answer yes to the question \"Do you want to restrict VQL functionality on the server?\"<br>2. This will add a default allow list to the configuration file.<br>3. Copy this allow list to your existing server.config.yaml<br>4. Ensure the \"copy\" function is removed from the default allow list.", "base64": false}]}], "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Rapid7 Velociraptor allows users to be created with different privileges on the server. Administrators are generally allowed to run any command on the server including writing arbitrary files. However, lower privilege users are generally forbidden from writing or modifying files on the server.\n\nThe VQL copy() function applies permission checks for reading files but does not check for permission to write files. This allows a low privilege user (usually, users with the Velociraptor \"investigator\" role) to overwrite files on the server, including Velociraptor configuration files.\n\nTo exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must already have a Velociraptor user account at a low privilege level (at least \"analyst\") and be able to log into the GUI and create a notebook where they can run the VQL query invoking the copy() VQL function. Typically, most users deploy Velociraptor with limited access to a trusted group (most users will be administrators within the GUI).\nThis vulnerability is associated with program files https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go and program routines copy().\n\nThis issue affects Velociraptor versions before 0.6.7-5. Version 0.6.7-5, released January 16, 2023, fixes the issue.\n\n", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "Rapid7 Velociraptor allows users to be created with different privileges on the server. Administrators are generally allowed to run any command on the server including writing arbitrary files. However, lower privilege users are generally forbidden from writing or modifying files on the server.<br><br>The VQL copy() function applies permission checks for reading files but does not check for permission to write files. This allows a low privilege user (usually, users with the Velociraptor \"investigator\" role) to overwrite files on the server, including Velociraptor configuration files.<br><br>To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must already have a Velociraptor user account at a low privilege level (at least \"analyst\") and be able to log into the GUI and create a notebook where they can run the VQL query invoking the copy() VQL function. Typically, most users deploy Velociraptor with limited access to a trusted group (most users will be administrators within the GUI).<br><p>This vulnerability is associated with program files <tt><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go\">https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go</a></tt> and program routines <tt>copy()</tt>.</p><p>This issue affects Velociraptor versions before 0.6.7-5. Version 0.6.7-5, released January 16, 2023, fixes the issue.</p>", "base64": false}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-269", "description": "CWE-269 Improper Privilege Management"}]}], "configurations": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Velociraptor deployment with multiple users at lower roles than administrators, such as \"investigator\" and above.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "Velociraptor deployment with multiple users at lower roles than administrators, such as \"investigator\" and above.", "base64": false}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "9974b330-7714-4307-a722-5648477acda7", "shortName": "rapid7", "dateUpdated": "2023-01-18T20:57:30.570Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2023-0242", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2025-04-03T19:51:46.758Z", "dateReserved": "2023-01-12T13:35:35.391Z", "assignerOrgId": "9974b330-7714-4307-a722-5648477acda7", "datePublished": "2023-01-18T20:57:30.570Z", "assignerShortName": "rapid7"}, "dataVersion": "5.1"}

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Administrators are generally allowed to run any command on the server including writing arbitrary files. However, lower privilege users are generally forbidden from writing or modifying files on the server.\n\nThe VQL copy() function applies permission checks for reading files but does not check for permission to write files. This allows a low privilege user (usually, users with the Velociraptor \"investigator\" role) to overwrite files on the server, including Velociraptor configuration files.\n\nTo exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must already have a Velociraptor user account at a low privilege level (at least \"analyst\") and be able to log into the GUI and create a notebook where they can run the VQL query invoking the copy() VQL function. Typically, most users deploy Velociraptor with limited access to a trusted group (most users will be administrators within the GUI).\nThis vulnerability is associated with program files https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go and program routines copy().\n\nThis issue affects Velociraptor versions before 0.6.7-5. Version 0.6.7-5, released January 16, 2023, fixes the issue.\n\n"}, {"lang": "es", "value": "Rapid7 Velociraptor permite crear usuarios con diferentes privilegios en el servidor. Por lo general, los administradores pueden ejecutar cualquier comando en el servidor, incluida la escritura de archivos arbitrarios. Sin embargo, los usuarios con privilegios m\u00e1s bajos generalmente tienen prohibido escribir o modificar archivos en el servidor. La funci\u00f3n VQL copy() aplica verificaciones de permisos para leer archivos pero no verifica permisos para escribir archivos. Esto permite que un usuario con privilegios bajos (normalmente usuarios con el rol de \"investigador\" de Velociraptor) sobrescriba archivos en el servidor, incluidos los archivos de configuraci\u00f3n de Velociraptor. Para explotar esta vulnerabilidad, el atacante ya debe tener una cuenta de usuario de Velociraptor con un nivel de privilegio bajo (al menos \"analista\") y poder iniciar sesi\u00f3n en la GUI y crear un cuaderno donde pueda ejecutar la consulta VQL invocando la copia(). Funci\u00f3n VQL. Normalmente, la mayor\u00eda de los usuarios implementan Velociraptor con acceso limitado a un grupo confiable (la mayor\u00eda de los usuarios ser\u00e1n administradores dentro de la GUI). Esta vulnerabilidad est\u00e1 asociada con archivos de programa https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/copy.go https://github.Com/Velocidex/velociraptor/blob/master/vql/filesystem/ copy.go y rutinas de programa copy(). Este problema afecta a las versiones de Velociraptor anteriores a la 0.6.7-5. La versi\u00f3n 0.6.7-5, lanzada el 16 de enero de 2023, soluciona el problema."}], "id": "CVE-2023-0242", "lastModified": "2026-06-17T05:25:06.363", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2023-0242", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2025-04-02T15:58:54.468796Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2023-01-18T21:15:11.093", "references": [{"source": "cve@rapid7.com", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://docs.velociraptor.app/announcements/2023-cves/#:~:text=to%20upgrade%20clients.-,CVE%2D2023%2D0242,-Insufficient%20Permission%20Check"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://docs.velociraptor.app/announcements/2023-cves/#:~:text=to%20upgrade%20clients.-,CVE%2D2023%2D0242,-Insufficient%20Permission%20Check"}], "sourceIdentifier": "cve@rapid7.com", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-269"}], "source": "cve@rapid7.com", "type": "Secondary"}, {"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-862"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

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