CVE-2021-39134

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Combined with a symlink dependency such as `file:/some/path`, this allowed an attacker to create a situation in which arbitrary contents could be written to any location on the filesystem. For example, a package `pwn-a` could define a dependency in their `package.json` file such as `\"foo\": \"file:/some/path\"`. Another package, `pwn-b` could define a dependency such as `FOO: \"file:foo.tgz\"`. On case-insensitive file systems, if `pwn-a` was installed, and then `pwn-b` was installed afterwards, the contents of `foo.tgz` would be written to `/some/path`, and any existing contents of `/some/path` would be removed. Anyone using npm v7.20.6 or earlier on a case-insensitive filesystem is potentially affected. This is patched in @npmcli/arborist 2.8.2 which is included in npm v7.20.7 and above."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.2, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "CHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-61", "description": "CWE-61: UNIX Symbolic Link (Symlink) Following", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"dateUpdated": "2022-03-08T14:07:47.000Z", "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "shortName": "GitHub_M"}, "references": [{"tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "url": "https://github.com/npm/arborist/security/advisories/GHSA-2h3h-q99f-3fhc"}, {"tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/%40npmcli/arborist"}, {"tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"}, {"tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-389290.pdf"}], "source": {"advisory": "GHSA-2h3h-q99f-3fhc", "discovery": "UNKNOWN"}, "title": "UNIX Symbolic Link (Symlink) Following in @npmcli/arborist", "x_legacyV4Record": {"CVE_data_meta": {"ASSIGNER": "security-advisories@github.com", "ID": "CVE-2021-39134", "STATE": "PUBLIC", "TITLE": "UNIX Symbolic Link (Symlink) Following in @npmcli/arborist"}, "affects": {"vendor": {"vendor_data": [{"product": {"product_data": [{"product_name": "arborist", "version": {"version_data": [{"version_value": "< 2.8.2"}]}}]}, "vendor_name": "npm"}]}}, "data_format": "MITRE", "data_type": "CVE", "data_version": "4.0", "description": {"description_data": [{"lang": "eng", "value": "`@npmcli/arborist`, the library that calculates dependency trees and manages the `node_modules` folder hierarchy for the npm command line interface, aims to guarantee that package dependency contracts will be met, and the extraction of package contents will always be performed into the expected folder. This is, in part, accomplished by resolving dependency specifiers defined in `package.json` manifests for dependencies with a specific name, and nesting folders to resolve conflicting dependencies. When multiple dependencies differ only in the case of their name, Arborist's internal data structure saw them as separate items that could coexist within the same level in the `node_modules` hierarchy. However, on case-insensitive file systems (such as macOS and Windows), this is not the case. Combined with a symlink dependency such as `file:/some/path`, this allowed an attacker to create a situation in which arbitrary contents could be written to any location on the filesystem. For example, a package `pwn-a` could define a dependency in their `package.json` file such as `\"foo\": \"file:/some/path\"`. Another package, `pwn-b` could define a dependency such as `FOO: \"file:foo.tgz\"`. On case-insensitive file systems, if `pwn-a` was installed, and then `pwn-b` was installed afterwards, the contents of `foo.tgz` would be written to `/some/path`, and any existing contents of `/some/path` would be removed. Anyone using npm v7.20.6 or earlier on a case-insensitive filesystem is potentially affected. This is patched in @npmcli/arborist 2.8.2 which is included in npm v7.20.7 and above."}]}, "impact": {"cvss": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.2, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "CHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}}, "problemtype": {"problemtype_data": [{"description": [{"lang": "eng", "value": "CWE-61: UNIX Symbolic Link (Symlink) Following"}]}]}, "references": {"reference_data": [{"name": "https://github.com/npm/arborist/security/advisories/GHSA-2h3h-q99f-3fhc", "refsource": "CONFIRM", "url": "https://github.com/npm/arborist/security/advisories/GHSA-2h3h-q99f-3fhc"}, {"name": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/@npmcli/arborist", "refsource": "MISC", "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/@npmcli/arborist"}, {"name": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html", "refsource": "MISC", "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"}, {"name": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-389290.pdf", "refsource": "CONFIRM", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-389290.pdf"}]}, "source": {"advisory": "GHSA-2h3h-q99f-3fhc", "discovery": "UNKNOWN"}}}, "adp": [{"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T01:58:17.840Z"}, "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM", "x_transferred"], "url": "https://github.com/npm/arborist/security/advisories/GHSA-2h3h-q99f-3fhc"}, {"tags": ["x_refsource_MISC", "x_transferred"], "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/%40npmcli/arborist"}, {"tags": ["x_refsource_MISC", "x_transferred"], "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"}, {"tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM", "x_transferred"], "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-389290.pdf"}]}]}, "cveMetadata": {"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M", "cveId": "CVE-2021-39134", "datePublished": "2021-08-31T16:55:11.000Z", "dateReserved": "2021-08-16T00:00:00.000Z", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T01:58:17.840Z", "state": "PUBLISHED"}, "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1"}

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This is, in part, accomplished by resolving dependency specifiers defined in `package.json` manifests for dependencies with a specific name, and nesting folders to resolve conflicting dependencies. When multiple dependencies differ only in the case of their name, Arborist's internal data structure saw them as separate items that could coexist within the same level in the `node_modules` hierarchy. However, on case-insensitive file systems (such as macOS and Windows), this is not the case. Combined with a symlink dependency such as `file:/some/path`, this allowed an attacker to create a situation in which arbitrary contents could be written to any location on the filesystem. For example, a package `pwn-a` could define a dependency in their `package.json` file such as `\"foo\": \"file:/some/path\"`. Another package, `pwn-b` could define a dependency such as `FOO: \"file:foo.tgz\"`. On case-insensitive file systems, if `pwn-a` was installed, and then `pwn-b` was installed afterwards, the contents of `foo.tgz` would be written to `/some/path`, and any existing contents of `/some/path` would be removed. Anyone using npm v7.20.6 or earlier on a case-insensitive filesystem is potentially affected. This is patched in @npmcli/arborist 2.8.2 which is included in npm v7.20.7 and above."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "\"@npmcli/arborist\", la librer\u00eda que calcula los trees de dependencia y maneja la jerarqu\u00eda de carpetas \"node_modules\" para la interfaz de l\u00ednea de comandos de npm, presenta como objetivo garantizar que los contratos de dependencia de los paquetes se cumplan, y que la extracci\u00f3n de los contenidos de los paquetes sea llevada a cabo siempre en la carpeta esperada. Esto es conseguido, en parte, al resolver los especificadores de dependencia definidos en los manifiestos \"package.json\" para las dependencias con un nombre espec\u00edfico, y anidando las carpetas para resolver las dependencias conflictivas. Cuando las dependencias m\u00faltiples difieren s\u00f3lo en el caso de su nombre, la estructura de datos interna de Arborist las ve\u00eda como elementos separados que pod\u00edan coexistir dentro del mismo nivel en la jerarqu\u00eda \"node_modules\". Sin embargo, en los sistemas de archivos que no distinguen entre may\u00fasculas y min\u00fasculas (como macOS y Windows), esto no es as\u00ed. Combinado con una dependencia de symlink como \"file:/some/path\", esto permit\u00eda a un atacante crear una situaci\u00f3n en la que se pod\u00edan escribir contenidos arbitrarios en cualquier ubicaci\u00f3n del sistema de archivos. Por ejemplo, un paquete \"pwn-a\" podr\u00eda definir una dependencia en su archivo \"package.json\" como \"\"foo\": \"file:/some/path\"\". Otro paquete, \"pwn-b\" podr\u00eda definir una dependencia como \"FOO: \"file:foo.tgz\"\". En los sistemas de archivos que no distinguen entre may\u00fasculas y min\u00fasculas, si se instalara \"pwn-a\" y luego se instalara \"pwn-b\", el contenido de \"foo.tgz\" se escribir\u00eda en \"/some/path\", y cualquier contenido existente de \"/some/path\" se eliminar\u00eda. Cualquiera usando npm versiones v7.20.6 o anteriores en un sistema de archivos que no distinga entre may\u00fasculas y min\u00fasculas est\u00e1 potencialmente afectado. Esto est\u00e1 parcheado en @npmcli/arborist 2.8.2 que se incluye en npm versiones v7.20.7 y superiores"}], "id": "CVE-2021-39134", "lastModified": "2026-06-17T04:03:08.013", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV2": [{"acInsufInfo": false, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "cvssData": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "accessVector": "LOCAL", "authentication": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.4, "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL", "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL", "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P", "version": "2.0"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.4, "impactScore": 6.4, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary", "userInteractionRequired": true}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.2, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "CHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.8, "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2021-08-31T17:15:08.147", "references": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Patch", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-389290.pdf"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Mitigation", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://github.com/npm/arborist/security/advisories/GHSA-2h3h-q99f-3fhc"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/%40npmcli/arborist"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "tags": ["Patch", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Patch", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-389290.pdf"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mitigation", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://github.com/npm/arborist/security/advisories/GHSA-2h3h-q99f-3fhc"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/%40npmcli/arborist"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Patch", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-61"}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}, {"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-178"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "nodejs-arborist: symlink following vulnerability", "id": "1999744", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1999744"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "8.1", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-59", "details": ["`@npmcli/arborist`, the library that calculates dependency trees and manages the `node_modules` folder hierarchy for the npm command line interface, aims to guarantee that package dependency contracts will be met, and the extraction of package contents will always be performed into the expected folder. This is, in part, accomplished by resolving dependency specifiers defined in `package.json` manifests for dependencies with a specific name, and nesting folders to resolve conflicting dependencies. When multiple dependencies differ only in the case of their name, Arborist's internal data structure saw them as separate items that could coexist within the same level in the `node_modules` hierarchy. However, on case-insensitive file systems (such as macOS and Windows), this is not the case. Combined with a symlink dependency such as `file:/some/path`, this allowed an attacker to create a situation in which arbitrary contents could be written to any location on the filesystem. For example, a package `pwn-a` could define a dependency in their `package.json` file such as `\"foo\": \"file:/some/path\"`. Another package, `pwn-b` could define a dependency such as `FOO: \"file:foo.tgz\"`. On case-insensitive file systems, if `pwn-a` was installed, and then `pwn-b` was installed afterwards, the contents of `foo.tgz` would be written to `/some/path`, and any existing contents of `/some/path` would be removed. Anyone using npm v7.20.6 or earlier on a case-insensitive filesystem is potentially affected. This is patched in @npmcli/arborist 2.8.2 which is included in npm v7.20.7 and above.", "A flaw was found in nodejs-arborist. On case-insensitive file systems (such as macOS and Windows), Arborist\u2019s internal data structure did not see multiple dependencies as separate items that could coexist within the same level in the node_modules hierarchy when they differ only in the case of their name. This issue, combined with a symlink dependency such as file:/some/path, allows an attacker to create a situation in which arbitrary contents are written to any location on the filesystem. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to integrity and system availability."], "name": "CVE-2021-39134", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "nodejs:12/nodejs", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "nodejs:14/nodejs", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "nodejs:16/nodejs", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "nodejs", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_software_collections:3", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "rh-nodejs12-nodejs", "product_name": "Red Hat Software Collections"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_software_collections:3", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "rh-nodejs14-nodejs", "product_name": "Red Hat Software Collections"}], "public_date": "2021-08-31T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-39134\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39134\nhttps://github.com/npm/arborist/security/advisories/GHSA-2h3h-q99f-3fhc"], "statement": "Anyone using npm v7.20.6 or earlier on a case-insensitive filesystem is potentially affected.", "threat_severity": "Important"}

{}