Permission Bypass in Android TimerAgent Leading to Local Information Disclosure

In createIntent of TimerAgent.java, there is a possible permission bypass due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Local Privilege Escalation via Subscription Switch Spoofing on Android

In multiple functions of PssSubscriptionManager.java, there is a possible way to spoof subscription switch results and trigger a device reboot due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Stale SMMU TLB Entries Allow Local Privilege Escalation

In smmu_find_ste of smmu.c, there is a possible way to retain stale translation lookaside buffer entries across stream identifiers due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

In EuiccPort.buildUiccAccessRule of EuiccPort.java, there is a possible Confused Deputy due to a confused deputy. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege with execution privileges needed. User interaction is for exploitation.

In getCarrierRestrictionStatus of PhoneInterfaceManager.java, there is a possible permission bypass due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

A unintended proxy or intermediary ('confused deputy') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiAnalyzer 8.0.0 through 8.0.1, FortiAnalyzer 7.6.0 through 7.6.7, FortiAnalyzer 7.4.0 through 7.4.11, FortiAnalyzer 7.2.0 through 7.2.12, FortiAnalyzer Cloud 8.0.1, FortiAnalyzer Cloud 7.6.0 through 7.6.7, FortiAnalyzer Cloud 7.4.1 through 7.4.11, FortiAnalyzer Cloud 7.2.1 through 7.2.12, FortiManager 8.0.0 through 8.0.1, FortiManager 7.6.0 through 7.6.7, FortiManager 7.4.0 through 7.4.11, FortiManager 7.2.0 through 7.2.12, FortiManager Cloud 8.0.1, FortiManager Cloud 7.6.0 through 7.6.7, FortiManager Cloud 7.4.1 through 7.4.11, FortiManager Cloud 7.2.1 through 7.2.12 may allow an authenticated attacker to execute commands outside of the intended scope via specially crafted HTTP request

In PackageSignatureChecker of SystemUIGoogleModule.java, there is a possible background activity launch due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.

Action Pack: Possible cache poisoning in Action Pack content negotiation

Action Pack is a framework for handling and responding to web requests. Prior to 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2, Action Pack negotiates the format of a rendered response from the Accept, X-Requested-With and, for XHR requests without Accept, Content-Type request headers, but ActionController::Rendering#_set_vary_header adds Vary: Accept only when the request carries a usable Accept header and the response has no Vary header yet. A response to a request without Accept, or to an XHR request, therefore omits the headers that selected its representation, and a response whose Vary the application set before rendering (for example Vary: Accept-Language) never gains Accept. A shared cache that honours Vary could store such a response and serve it to later clients that request a different representation, possibly leading to cache poisoning in which visitors receive, until the entry expires, a page without its layout or HTML in place of JSON. The attacker cannot choose the content of the response. Applications that render negotiated responses from actions marked public (for example with expires_in ..., public: true) behind a shared cache that honours Vary, such as Thruster or Rack::Cache, are affected. This issue is fixed in versions 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2.

Wasmtime before 36.0.20 HTTP Request Smuggling via wasi-http p2 Content-Length

The wasmtime-wasi-http p2 implementation in Wasmtime before 36.0.20, 37.0.0 before 48.0.8, 49.0.0 before 49.0.5, and 50.0.0 before 50.0.1 can send conflicting content-length headers, or ones not matching the body, in outgoing requests. A guest that reuses a received response's headers resource to send a bodyless request can enable request smuggling against non-compliant servers, potentially bypassing embedder destination access controls.

Unintended API access through the Google Cloud Monitoring data source resource proxy

A user with query access to a Google Cloud Monitoring data source can use its resource proxy to send requests to other Cloud Monitoring API paths with the data source's credentials, and read data from any project those credentials can reach. When the data source forwards the user's OAuth identity or uses Workload Identity Federation, the impact depends on that credential's permissions. Fixed in Google Cloud Monitoring plugin 12.6.7.

Expected behavior violation in AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) firmware could allow a malicious hypervisor to bypass Reverse Map Table (RMP) protections, potentially resulting in a loss of Secure Encrypted Virtualization-Secure Nested Paging (SEV-SNP) guest memory integrity.

Cluster-API proxy overwrites forwarded client identity with its own

SwarmKit's Cluster-API proxy can overwrite a forwarded client's TLS identity with an intermediary manager's identity. WithMetadataForwardTLSInfo replaces outgoing metadata with a copy of the incoming metadata, discarding the redirect guard's changes when built with grpc-go 1.39 or later. During a short window after a leader change, two proxy hops through managers with inconsistent views of the leader can allow an attacker possessing a valid worker node TLS certificate and private key to obtain a manager node certificate for the attacker's own key, escalating privileges from worker to manager. Applications built with an affected SwarmKit version and grpc-go 1.39 or later are impacted.

Security Advisory 0220

On affected Arista EOS platforms with Routing Information Protocol version 2 (RIPv2) configured, under certain conditions, RIPv2 might be silently enabled on management interfaces even when the RIP agent intends to disable it. It allows an unauthenticated attacker with access to the adjacent network to send crafted RIPv2 route advertisements to the device's management IP address. The device could accept and install those routes without authentication. Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to redirect traffic flows to an attacker-controlled destination, install more-specific routes that blackhole legitimate traffic, or otherwise disrupt network reachability for systems whose traffic passes through the affected device.

Servicing Stack Updates Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Unintended proxy or intermediary ('confused deputy') in Servicing Stack Updates allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Security Advisory 0207

On affected platforms running Arista EOS with Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) configured, An unauthenticated attacker who can establish a BGP peering session with an affected device and can send specially crafted BGP messages to cause repeated BGP session resets, enabling sustained disruption to network routing and traffic forwarding.

Request smuggling via first-wins Content-Length parsing in inets httpd

Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling') vulnerability in Erlang OTP (inets httpd module) allows HTTP Request Smuggling. This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/inets/src/http_server/httpd_request.erl and program routines httpd_request:parse_headers/7. The server does not reject or normalize duplicate Content-Length headers. The earliest Content-Length in the request is used for body parsing while common reverse proxies (nginx, Apache httpd, Envoy) honor the last Content-Length value. This violates RFC 9112 Section 6.3 and allows front-end/back-end desynchronization, leaving attacker-controlled bytes queued as the start of the next request. This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 26.2.5.18, OTP 27.3.4.9, and OTP 28.4.1, corresponding to inets from 5.10 before 9.1.0.5, 9.3.2.3, and 9.6.1. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to inets before 5.10, is affected is unknown.

Apache Sling Engine: Hand-rolled parameter parser diverges from RFC/container parsing, enabling smuggling

Inconsistent interpretation of HTTP requests ('HTTP Request/Response smuggling') vulnerability in Apache Sling Engine. The engine's query/form parser accepts non-standard percent-escapes, wrong charsets, and continues request processing on such errors. This issue affects Apache Sling Engine: before 3.0.4. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.0.4, which fixes the issue.

inets,httpd:HTTP Request Smuggling via obs-fold Header Continuation

httpd has never implemented obs-fold (RFC 2616 §2.2 / RFC 7230 §3.2.4 header continuation lines). Every CRLF followed by a non-CRLF octet unconditionally starts a new header. This missing feature became a security concern as the understanding of HTTP request smuggling attacks evolved. This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.17, OTP 28.5.0.6, and OTP 29.0.6, corresponding to inets from 5.10 before 9.3.2.7, 9.6.2.3, and 9.7.2. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to inets before 5.10, is affected is unknown.

inets, httpd: HTTP Request Smuggling via Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length

httpd function check_header/3 rejects duplicate Content-Length (per CVE-2026-23941) but never checks for the TE+CL co-presence that RFC 9112 §6.3 identifies as a probable smuggling attempt. handle_body/3 frames by chunked and silently discards Content-Length. A CL-preferring front-end paired with chunked-preferring inets creates a classic CL.TE front-end/back-end desync. This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.17, OTP 28.5.0.6, and OTP 29.0.6, corresponding to inets from 5.10 before 9.3.2.7, 9.6.2.3, and 9.7.2. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to inets before 5.10, is affected is unknown.

inets, httpd: HTTP Request Smuggling via Whitespace-Before-Colon Header Dropping i

Gracefulness code ignored cases that should be rejected, resulting in possible HTTP Request Smuggling opportunities. This issue affects OTP from OTP 22.2 before OTP 27.3.4.17, OTP 28.5.0.6, and OTP 29.0.6, corresponding to inets from 7.1.2 before 9.3.2.7, 9.6.2.3, and 9.7.2.