Wasmtime has Undefined Behavior in Rust runtime functions

Wasmtime is a standalone runtime for WebAssembly. Prior to versions 6.0.2, 7.0.1, and 8.0.1, Wasmtime's implementation of managing per-instance state, such as tables and memories, contains LLVM-level undefined behavior. This undefined behavior was found to cause runtime-level issues when compiled with LLVM 16 which causes some writes, which are critical for correctness, to be optimized away. Vulnerable versions of Wasmtime compiled with Rust 1.70, which is currently in beta, or later are known to have incorrectly compiled functions. Versions of Wasmtime compiled with the current Rust stable release, 1.69, and prior are not known at this time to have any issues, but can theoretically exhibit potential issues. The underlying problem is that Wasmtime's runtime state for an instance involves a Rust-defined structure called `Instance` which has a trailing `VMContext` structure after it. This `VMContext` structure has a runtime-defined layout that is unique per-module. This representation cannot be expressed with safe code in Rust so `unsafe` code is required to maintain this state. The code doing this, however, has methods which take `&self` as an argument but modify data in the `VMContext` part of the allocation. This means that pointers derived from `&self` are mutated. This is typically not allowed, except in the presence of `UnsafeCell`, in Rust. When compiled to LLVM these functions have `noalias readonly` parameters which means it's UB to write through the pointers. Wasmtime's internal representation and management of `VMContext` has been updated to use `&mut self` methods where appropriate. Additionally verification tools for `unsafe` code in Rust, such as `cargo miri`, are planned to be executed on the `main` branch soon to fix any Rust-level issues that may be exploited in future compiler versions. Precomplied binaries available for Wasmtime from GitHub releases have been compiled with at most LLVM 15 so are not known to be vulnerable. As mentioned above, however, it's still recommended to update. Wasmtime version 6.0.2, 7.0.1, and 8.0.1 have been issued which contain the patch necessary to work correctly on LLVM 16 and have no known UB on LLVM 15 and earlier. If Wasmtime is compiled with Rust 1.69 and prior, which use LLVM 15, then there are no known issues. There is a theoretical possibility for undefined behavior to exploited, however, so it's recommended that users upgrade to a patched version of Wasmtime. Users using beta Rust (1.70 at this time) or nightly Rust (1.71 at this time) must update to a patched version to work correctly.

In createSessionInternal of PackageInstallerService.java, there is a possible run-as any app due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

An issue was discovered in Exynos Mobile Processor and Modem for Exynos Modem 5123, Exynos Modem 5300, Exynos 980, and Exynos 1080. Binding of a wrong resource can occur due to improper handling of parameters while binding a network interface.

Improper conditions check for some Intel(R) Quartus(R) Prime Lite Edition Design software before version 23.1 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.

Improper random reading in CIRCL

When sampling randomness for a shared secret, the implementation of Kyber and FrodoKEM, did not check whether crypto/rand.Read() returns an error. In rare deployment cases (error thrown by the Read() function), this could lead to a predictable shared secret. The tkn20 and blindrsa components did not check whether enough randomness was returned from the user provided randomness source. Typically the user provides crypto/rand.Reader, which in the vast majority of cases will always return the right number random bytes. In the cases where it does not, or the user provides a source that does not, the blinding for blindrsa is weak and integrity of the plaintext is not ensured in tkn20.

Improper conditions check in the Intel(R) SGX SDK software may allow a privileged user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.

Improper condition check in some Intel(R) SPS firmware before version SPS_E3_06.00.03.300.0 may allow a privileged user to potentially enable denial of service via local access.

Uncaught exception in the Intel(R) Iris(R) Xe MAX drivers for Windows before version 100.0.5.1436(v2) may allow a privileged user to potentially enable denial of service via local access.

Improper conditions check in the Intel(R) SUR software before version 2.4.8902 may allow an unauthenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via network access.

kernel: bypass of shadow stack protection due to a logic error

In __efi_rt_asm_wrapper of efi-rt-wrapper.S, there is a possible bypass of shadow stack protection due to a logic error in the code. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-260821414References: Upstream kernel

Plv8 Deferred Trigger Privilege Escalation

A user who can create objects in a database with plv8 3.2.1 installed is able to cause deferred triggers to execute as the Superuser during autovacuum.

Inspect method manipulation in vm2

vm2 is a sandbox that can run untrusted code with Node's built-in modules. In versions 3.9.17 and lower of vm2 it was possible to get a read-write reference to the node `inspect` method and edit options for `console.log`. As a result a threat actor can edit options for the `console.log` command. This vulnerability was patched in the release of version `3.9.18` of `vm2`. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may make the `inspect` method readonly with `vm.readonly(inspect)` after creating a vm.

Sandbox Escape

vm2 is a sandbox that can run untrusted code with Node's built-in modules. A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in vm2 for versions up to and including 3.9.17. It abuses an unexpected creation of a host object based on the specification of `Proxy`. As a result a threat actor can bypass the sandbox protections to gain remote code execution rights on the host running the sandbox. This vulnerability was patched in the release of version `3.9.18` of `vm2`. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

Huawei Matebook D16(Model: CREM-WXX9, BIOS: v2.26), As the communication buffer size hasn’t been properly validated to be of the expected size, it can partially overlap with the beginning SMRAM.This can be leveraged by a malicious OS attacker to corrupt data structures stored at the beginning of SMRAM and can potentially lead to code execution in SMM.

Insufficient validation when decoding a Socket.IO packet

socket.io parser is a socket.io encoder and decoder written in JavaScript complying with version 5 of socket.io-protocol. A specially crafted Socket.IO packet can trigger an uncaught exception on the Socket.IO server, thus killing the Node.js process. A patch has been released in version 4.2.3.

Privilege Escalation in mintplex-labs/anything-llm

In mintplex-labs/anything-llm, a vulnerability exists in the thread update process that allows users with Default or Manager roles to escalate their privileges to Administrator. The issue arises from improper input validation when handling HTTP POST requests to the endpoint `/workspace/:slug/thread/:threadSlug/update`. Specifically, the application fails to validate or check user input before passing it to the `workspace_thread` Prisma model for execution. This oversight allows attackers to craft a Prisma relation query operation that manipulates the `users` model to change a user's role to admin. Successful exploitation grants attackers the highest level of user privileges, enabling them to see and perform all actions within the system.

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in GitLab

DoS in KAS in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 16.10.0 prior to 16.10.6 and 16.11.0 prior to 16.11.3 allows an attacker to crash KAS via crafted gRPC requests.

On the affected platforms running EOS, a malformed DHCP packet might cause the DHCP relay agent to restart.

On the affected platforms running EOS, a malformed DHCP packet might cause the DHCP relay agent to restart.

Directus is soft-locked by providing a string value to random string util

Directus is a real-time API and App dashboard for managing SQL database content. Prior to 10.11.2, providing a non-numeric length value to the random string generation utility will create a memory issue breaking the capability to generate random strings platform wide. This creates a denial of service situation where logged in sessions can no longer be refreshed as sessions depend on the capability to generate a random session ID. This vulnerability is fixed in 10.11.2.

ink! vulnerable to incorrect decoding of storage value when using `DelegateCall`

ink! is an embedded domain specific language to write smart contracts in Rust for blockchains built on the Substrate framework. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.2.1, the return value when using delegate call mechanics, either through `CallBuilder::delegate` or `ink_env::invoke_contract_delegate`, is decoded incorrectly. This bug was related to the mechanics around decoding a call's return buffer, which was changed as part of pull request 1450. Since this feature was only released in ink! 4.0.0, no previous versions are affected. Users who have an ink! 4.x series contract should upgrade to 4.2.1 to receive a patch.