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CVE-2026-54887

DTLS server cookie bypass during startup window due to empty initial cookie secret

Use of Default Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Erlang/OTP ssl (DTLS server) allows predictable DTLS cookie computation during the startup window, enabling source address verification bypass. On DTLS server startup, dtls_server_connection:initial_hello/3 initializes previous_cookie_secret to the empty binary (<<>>) instead of a random value. Because HMAC with an empty key is deterministic, anyone who observes the plaintext ClientHello can compute dtls_handshake:cookie(<<>>, IP, Port, Hello) and forge a valid DTLS cookie before the first rotation of the cookie secret. The DTLS cookie (RFC 6347 §4.2.1) is a denial-of-service mitigation that prevents spoofed source IPs from forcing the server to allocate state and perform expensive cryptographic operations; it is not an authentication mechanism. During the window from server startup until the first secret rotation (0 to 15 seconds), an attacker who can observe the plaintext ClientHello can bypass the source address verification, enabling DTLS handshake amplification with spoofed source addresses. This vulnerability is associated with program file lib/ssl/src/dtls_server_connection.erl and program routine dtls_server_connection:initial_hello/3. This issue affects OTP from OTP 20.0 before OTP 27.3.4.14, OTP 28.5.0.3, and OTP 29.0.3, corresponding to ssl from 8.2 before 11.2.12.10, 11.6.0.3, and 11.7.3.

CVSS 4.0 · 6.3 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Erlang
Products
Erlang/otp Erlang\/otp Erlang\/ssl
CVE-2026-54890

BEAM VM crash via integer underflow in binary_to_term BIT_BINARY_EXT decoding

Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound) vulnerability in erlang otp erlang/otp (erts modules), erlang otp erts (erts modules) allows Forced Integer Overflow, Excessive Allocation. This vulnerability is associated with program files erts/emulator/beam/external.c, emulator/beam/external.c. The BIT_BINARY_EXT tag (77) handler in the External Term Format (ETF) decoder accepts an encoding with both length and trailing-bits fields set to zero. The subsequent computation of the bitstring size underflows an unsigned integer, producing a value of roughly 2^64 that is then passed as a memory allocation size. The allocator aborts the entire node with a message such as Cannot allocate 2305843009213693951 bytes of memory (of type "binary"). The crash is a VM-level abort, not an Erlang-level exception. It cannot be intercepted by supervision trees, by try/catch, or by passing the [safe] option to binary_to_term/2 (which only restricts atom creation and does not perform structural validation of binary encodings). Any application that decodes ETF from untrusted sources via binary_to_term/1,2 or enif_binary_to_term() is exposed. The Erlang distribution protocol also decodes incoming terms through the same code path, but distribution is expected to run on trusted networks per the OTP Secure Coding Guidelines (DSG-011). This issue affects OTP from OTP 27.0 before OTP 27.3.4.15, OTP 28.5.0.4, and OTP 29.0.4, corresponding to erts from 15.0 before 15.2.7.11, 16.4.0.4, and 17.0.4.

CVSS 4.0 · 8.2 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Erlang
Products
Erlang/otp Erlang\/otp Erts and 1 more
CVE-2026-55737

Heap pointer corruption via signed/unsigned mismatch in LARGE_TUPLE_EXT decoding in erts external term format decoder

Signed to Unsigned Conversion Error and Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in Erlang OTP erts allows an attacker who can supply a crafted Erlang external term format (ETF) binary to binary_to_term/1 to corrupt the BEAM heap pointer and crash the virtual machine. When decoding a LARGE_TUPLE_EXT term, the validation pass decoded_size() in erts/emulator/beam/external.c reads the 32-bit arity field as unsigned (get_uint32()), while the decode pass dec_term() reads the same field as a signed 32-bit integer (get_int32()) into an int. An arity wire value of 0x80000000 passes validation as 2147483648 but decodes as -2147483648, so the subsequent hp += n moves the heap allocation pointer backward. Neither pass enforces the runtime tuple-arity limit MAX_ARITYVAL. The result is an out-of-bounds heap write; in practice the VM detects an impossible heap size and aborts, denying service. The required padding is large when uncompressed but the compressed-ETF envelope shrinks it to a small payload on the wire. This issue affects OTP from OTP 25.0 before OTP 27.3.4.15, OTP 28.5.0.4, and OTP 29.0.4, corresponding to erts from 13.0 before 15.2.7.11, 16.4.0.4, and 17.0.4.

CVSS 4.0 · 5.1 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Erlang
Products
Erlang/otp Erlang\/otp Erts
CVE-2026-84268

Gvfs: sftp: heap-based buffer overflow in read_reply()

A flaw was found in the SFTP backend in gvfs. When mounting a share and reading a file, a malicious SFTP server can cause read_reply() to process a length that exceeds the size requested by the client. The function does not verify the server-provided length against the allocated buffer size, causing the operation to write past the intended boundaries. This issue allows a malicious server to corrupt adjacent heap memory in the gvfsd-sftp process, resulting in a denial of service as the process aborts upon detecting the heap corruption or potentially allowing arbitrary code execution.

CVSS 3.1 · 8.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Redhat
Products
Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux Eus Rhel Aus and 5 more
CVE-2026-65833

iopress: buffer over-read in chunked HTTP parser

iopress is a native HTTP server for Node.js with platform-specific async I/O. Prior to version 1.0.5, the chunked-transfer-encoding HTTP request parser in @iopress/core reads past the end of the input buffer when a request declares a chunk size larger than the body actually received. This results in a heap-buffer-over-read. This issue has been patched in version 1.0.5.

CVSS 4.0 · 6.9 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
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Products
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CVE-2026-126767

OpsTree REMS through 1.0.0 Prompt Injection via RCA Chat Assistant

OpsTree REMS through 1.0.0 contains a prompt injection vulnerability that allows authenticated users to disclose the hidden system prompt by submitting crafted chat input to POST /api/v1/rca/chat. Attackers can instruct the assistant to ignore its rules and reveal internal orchestration instructions, aiding the crafting of further prompt injection attacks.

CVSS 4.0 · 5.3 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
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Products
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