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CVE-2025-38193

net_sched: sch_sfq: reject invalid perturb period

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net_sched: sch_sfq: reject invalid perturb period Gerrard Tai reported that SFQ perturb_period has no range check yet, and this can be used to trigger a race condition fixed in a separate patch. We want to make sure ctl->perturb_period * HZ will not overflow and is positive. tc qd add dev lo root sfq perturb -10 # negative value : error Error: sch_sfq: invalid perturb period. tc qd add dev lo root sfq perturb 1000000000 # too big : error Error: sch_sfq: invalid perturb period. tc qd add dev lo root sfq perturb 2000000 # acceptable value tc -s -d qd sh dev lo qdisc sfq 8005: root refcnt 2 limit 127p quantum 64Kb depth 127 flows 128 divisor 1024 perturb 2000000sec Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0

CVSS 3.1 · 7.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Debian Linux
Products
Debian Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2025-38161

RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/mlx5: Fix error flow upon firmware failure for RQ destruction Upon RQ destruction if the firmware command fails which is the last resource to be destroyed some SW resources were already cleaned regardless of the failure. Now properly rollback the object to its original state upon such failure. In order to avoid a use-after free in case someone tries to destroy the object again, which results in the following kernel trace: refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 37589 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xf4/0x148 Modules linked in: rdma_ucm(OE) rdma_cm(OE) iw_cm(OE) ib_ipoib(OE) ib_cm(OE) ib_umad(OE) mlx5_ib(OE) rfkill mlx5_core(OE) mlxdevm(OE) ib_uverbs(OE) ib_core(OE) psample mlxfw(OE) mlx_compat(OE) macsec tls pci_hyperv_intf sunrpc vfat fat virtio_net net_failover failover fuse loop nfnetlink vsock_loopback vmw_vsock_virtio_transport_common vmw_vsock_vmci_transport vmw_vmci vsock xfs crct10dif_ce ghash_ce sha2_ce sha256_arm64 sha1_ce virtio_console virtio_gpu virtio_blk virtio_dma_buf virtio_mmio dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_mod xpmem(OE) CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 37589 Comm: python3 Kdump: loaded Tainted: G OE ------- --- 6.12.0-54.el10.aarch64 #1 Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE Hardware name: QEMU KVM Virtual Machine, BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015 pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0xf4/0x148 lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0xf4/0x148 sp : ffff80008b81b7e0 x29: ffff80008b81b7e0 x28: ffff000133d51600 x27: 0000000000000001 x26: 0000000000000000 x25: 00000000ffffffea x24: ffff00010ae80f00 x23: ffff00010ae80f80 x22: ffff0000c66e5d08 x21: 0000000000000000 x20: ffff0000c66e0000 x19: ffff00010ae80340 x18: 0000000000000006 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000020 x15: ffff80008b81b37f x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 2e656572662d7265 x12: ffff80008283ef78 x11: ffff80008257efd0 x10: ffff80008283efd0 x9 : ffff80008021ed90 x8 : 0000000000000001 x7 : 00000000000bffe8 x6 : c0000000ffff7fff x5 : ffff0001fb8e3408 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : ffff800179993000 x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff000133d51600 Call trace: refcount_warn_saturate+0xf4/0x148 mlx5_core_put_rsc+0x88/0xa0 [mlx5_ib] mlx5_core_destroy_rq_tracked+0x64/0x98 [mlx5_ib] mlx5_ib_destroy_wq+0x34/0x80 [mlx5_ib] ib_destroy_wq_user+0x30/0xc0 [ib_core] uverbs_free_wq+0x28/0x58 [ib_uverbs] destroy_hw_idr_uobject+0x34/0x78 [ib_uverbs] uverbs_destroy_uobject+0x48/0x240 [ib_uverbs] __uverbs_cleanup_ufile+0xd4/0x1a8 [ib_uverbs] uverbs_destroy_ufile_hw+0x48/0x120 [ib_uverbs] ib_uverbs_close+0x2c/0x100 [ib_uverbs] __fput+0xd8/0x2f0 __fput_sync+0x50/0x70 __arm64_sys_close+0x40/0x90 invoke_syscall.constprop.0+0x74/0xd0 do_el0_svc+0x48/0xe8 el0_svc+0x44/0x1d0 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x120/0x130 el0t_64_sync+0x1a4/0x1a8

CVSS 3.1 · 7.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Debian Linux
Products
Debian Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2025-37984

crypto: ecdsa - Harden against integer overflows in DIV_ROUND_UP()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: ecdsa - Harden against integer overflows in DIV_ROUND_UP() Herbert notes that DIV_ROUND_UP() may overflow unnecessarily if an ecdsa implementation's ->key_size() callback returns an unusually large value. Herbert instead suggests (for a division by 8): X / 8 + !!(X & 7) Based on this formula, introduce a generic DIV_ROUND_UP_POW2() macro and use it in lieu of DIV_ROUND_UP() for ->key_size() return values. Additionally, use the macro in ecc_digits_from_bytes(), whose "nbytes" parameter is a ->key_size() return value in some instances, or a user-specified ASN.1 length in the case of ecdsa_get_signature_rs().

CVSS 3.1 · 7 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Linux
Products
Linux Kernel
CVE-2023-53474

x86/MCE/AMD: Use an u64 for bank_map

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/MCE/AMD: Use an u64 for bank_map Thee maximum number of MCA banks is 64 (MAX_NR_BANKS), see a0bc32b3cacf ("x86/mce: Increase maximum number of banks to 64"). However, the bank_map which contains a bitfield of which banks to initialize is of type unsigned int and that overflows when those bit numbers are >= 32, leading to UBSAN complaining correctly: UBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/amd.c:1365:38 shift exponent 32 is too large for 32-bit type 'int' Change the bank_map to a u64 and use the proper BIT_ULL() macro when modifying bits in there. [ bp: Rewrite commit message. ]

CVSS 3.1 · 7.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Linux
Products
Linux Kernel
CVE-2023-53189

ipv6/addrconf: fix a potential refcount underflow for idev

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6/addrconf: fix a potential refcount underflow for idev Now in addrconf_mod_rs_timer(), reference idev depends on whether rs_timer is not pending. Then modify rs_timer timeout. There is a time gap in [1], during which if the pending rs_timer becomes not pending. It will miss to hold idev, but the rs_timer is activated. Thus rs_timer callback function addrconf_rs_timer() will be executed and put idev later without holding idev. A refcount underflow issue for idev can be caused by this. if (!timer_pending(&idev->rs_timer)) in6_dev_hold(idev); <--------------[1] mod_timer(&idev->rs_timer, jiffies + when); To fix the issue, hold idev if mod_timer() return 0.

CVSS 3.1 · 7.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Linux
Products
Linux Kernel
CVE-2023-52987

ASoC: SOF: ipc4-mtrace: prevent underflow in sof_ipc4_priority_mask_dfs_write()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: SOF: ipc4-mtrace: prevent underflow in sof_ipc4_priority_mask_dfs_write() The "id" comes from the user. Change the type to unsigned to prevent an array underflow.

CVSS 3.1 · 7.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Linux
Products
Linux Kernel
CVE-2026-109730

Integer overflow in the Graphics component

Integer overflow in the Graphics component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 158, Firefox ESR 115.43, Firefox ESR 153.5, Thunderbird 158, and Thunderbird 153.5.

CVSS 3.1 · 8.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Mozilla
Products
Firefox Thunderbird
CVE-2026-109723

Integer overflow in the Layout: Text and Fonts component

Integer overflow in the Layout: Text and Fonts component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 158, Firefox ESR 153.5, Thunderbird 158, and Thunderbird 153.5.

CVSS 3.1 · 5.4 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Mozilla
Products
Firefox
CVE-2018-20406

python: Integer overflow in Modules/_pickle.c allows for memory exhaustion if serializing gigabytes of data

Modules/_pickle.c in Python before 3.7.1 has an integer overflow via a large LONG_BINPUT value that is mishandled during a "resize to twice the size" attempt. This issue might cause memory exhaustion, but is only relevant if the pickle format is used for serializing tens or hundreds of gigabytes of data. This issue is fixed in: v3.4.10, v3.4.10rc1; v3.5.10, v3.5.10rc1, v3.5.7, v3.5.7rc1, v3.5.8, v3.5.8rc1, v3.5.8rc2, v3.5.9; v3.6.10, v3.6.10rc1, v3.6.11, v3.6.11rc1, v3.6.12, v3.6.7, v3.6.7rc1, v3.6.7rc2, v3.6.8, v3.6.8rc1, v3.6.9, v3.6.9rc1; v3.7.1, v3.7.1rc1, v3.7.1rc2, v3.7.2, v3.7.2rc1, v3.7.3, v3.7.3rc1, v3.7.4, v3.7.4rc1, v3.7.4rc2, v3.7.5, v3.7.5rc1, v3.7.6, v3.7.6rc1, v3.7.7, v3.7.7rc1, v3.7.8, v3.7.8rc1, v3.7.9.

CVSS 3.0 · 7.5 High EPSS 5.8% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Debian Fedoraproject Python and 1 more
Products
Debian Linux Fedora Python and 1 more
CVE-2026-89277

CAI Content Credentials | Integer Overflow or Wraparound (CWE-190)

CAI Content Credentials is affected by an Integer Overflow or Wraparound vulnerability that could result in an application denial-of-service. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to crash the application, leading to a denial-of-service condition. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must visit a maliciously crafted URL or interact with a compromised web page.

CVSS 3.1 · 5.5 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Adobe
Products
C2pa C2patool Content Credentials Command-line Tool and 1 more
CVE-2026-102856

Microsoft Office Visio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Visio allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

CVSS 3.1 · 8.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Microsoft
Products
365 Apps Office 2021 Office 2024
CVE-2026-70257

Microsoft Office Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Outlook allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

CVSS 3.1 · 8.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Microsoft
Products
365 Apps Office 2021 Office 2024
CVE-2026-53615

util-linux libblkid DOS extended-partition overflow produces invalid partition metadata

util-linux is a random collection of Linux utilities. Before util-linux 2.41.4, `parse_dos_extended()` in `libblkid/src/partitions/dos.c` computes an extended-partition start sector with 32-bit addition and does not apply the extended-area bounds checks to the first two EBR entries. A local attacker who causes a crafted DOS extended-partition disk image or removable medium to be probed can wrap `cur_start + start` to sector zero and cause libblkid to report a false partition overlapping the MBR. This directly compromises the integrity of the reported partition metadata; disk modification or availability loss requires a separate downstream consumer to act on that metadata. This issue is fixed in 2.41.4.

CVSS 3.1 · 8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
—
Products
—
CVE-2026-109938

FreeRDP 3.11.0 before 3.32.0 Integer Overflow via Mapped Video Geometry Update

Positive mapped-video coordinates overflow and abort FreeRDP clients A malicious or compromised RDP server can terminate a FreeRDP client after the user connects with video redirection enabled.

CVSS 4.0 · 7.1 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Freerdp
Products
Freerdp
CVE-2026-35001

OpenS100 S-102 Parser Integer Overflow Heap Buffer Overflow

OpenS100 through commit 2b1dafc contains an integer overflow vulnerability in the S-102 Bathymetric Surface parser. An attacker can supply a crafted S-102 HDF5 file with malicious grid dimension metadata that causes memory corruption when a user opens it. In the S102_VG_BathymetryCoverage::Read() function, the numPointsLatitudinal and numPointsLongitudinal values are multiplied without validation, and the 32-bit result can wrap around, producing an undersized heap buffer allocation. Subsequent writes past the end of that buffer cause a heap-based buffer overflow, leading to an application crash or potential arbitrary code execution in the context of the user who opened the file.

CVSS 4.0 · 7.1 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Opens100 Project
Products
Opens100
CVE-2026-80546

s390/zcrypt: Improve CCA CPRB length and overflow checks

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: s390/zcrypt: Improve CCA CPRB length and overflow checks The xcrb_msg_to_type6cprb_msgx() function lacks proper input validation, creating security vulnerabilities: 1. Integer overflow after CEIL4 alignment: Signed int variables could overflow during 4-byte boundary alignment, causing undersized buffer allocations or incorrect bounds checking. 2. Missing minimum size validation: The CPRBX structure is copied from userspace without verifying sufficient buffer length. Undersized buffers cause uninitialized memory access when reading structure fields like cprbx.cprb_len and cprbx.domain. 3. Arithmetic overflow in sum calculations: Adding control block and data block sizes could overflow, bypassing size checks and enabling buffer overflows. Fix by using size_t for length calculations, adding U32_MAX boundary checks after alignment, validating minimum control block size before copying from userspace, and detecting sum calculation overflows.

CVSS 3.1 · 7.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Linux
Products
Linux Kernel
CVE-2026-46331

net/sched: fix pedit partial COW leading to page cache corruption

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: fix pedit partial COW leading to page cache corruption tcf_pedit_act() computes the COW range for skb_ensure_writable() once before the key loop using tcfp_off_max_hint, but the hint does not account for the runtime header offset added by typed keys. This can leave part of the write region un-COW'd. Fix by moving skb_ensure_writable() inside the per-key loop where the actual write offset is known, and add overflow checking on the offset arithmetic. For negative offsets (e.g. Ethernet header edits at ingress), use skb_cow() to COW the headroom instead. Guard offset_valid() against INT_MIN, where negation is undefined.

CVSS 3.1 · 7.8 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Linux
Products
Linux Kernel
CVE-2026-43492

lib/crypto: mpi: Fix integer underflow in mpi_read_raw_from_sgl()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: lib/crypto: mpi: Fix integer underflow in mpi_read_raw_from_sgl() Yiming reports an integer underflow in mpi_read_raw_from_sgl() when subtracting "lzeros" from the unsigned "nbytes". For this to happen, the scatterlist "sgl" needs to occupy more bytes than the "nbytes" parameter and the first "nbytes + 1" bytes of the scatterlist must be zero. Under these conditions, the while loop iterating over the scatterlist will count more zeroes than "nbytes", subtract the number of zeroes from "nbytes" and cause the underflow. When commit 2d4d1eea540b ("lib/mpi: Add mpi sgl helpers") originally introduced the bug, it couldn't be triggered because all callers of mpi_read_raw_from_sgl() passed a scatterlist whose length was equal to "nbytes". However since commit 63ba4d67594a ("KEYS: asymmetric: Use new crypto interface without scatterlists"), the underflow can now actually be triggered. When invoking a KEYCTL_PKEY_ENCRYPT system call with a larger "out_len" than "in_len" and filling the "in" buffer with zeroes, crypto_akcipher_sync_prep() will create an all-zero scatterlist used for both the "src" and "dst" member of struct akcipher_request and thereby fulfil the conditions to trigger the bug: sys_keyctl() keyctl_pkey_e_d_s() asymmetric_key_eds_op() software_key_eds_op() crypto_akcipher_sync_encrypt() crypto_akcipher_sync_prep() crypto_akcipher_encrypt() rsa_enc() mpi_read_raw_from_sgl() To the user this will be visible as a DoS as the kernel spins forever, causing soft lockup splats as a side effect. Fix it.

CVSS 3.1 · 5.5 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Vendors
Linux
Products
Linux Kernel