net/sched: act_mirred: Fix blockcast recursion bypass leading to stack overflow

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: act_mirred: Fix blockcast recursion bypass leading to stack overflow tcf_mirred_act() checks sched_mirred_nest against MIRRED_NEST_LIMIT (4) to prevent deep recursion. However, when the action uses blockcast (tcfm_blockid != 0), the function returns at the tcf_blockcast() call BEFORE reaching the counter increment. As a result, the recursion counter never advances and the limit check is entirely bypassed. When two devices share a TC egress block with a mirred blockcast rule, a packet egressing on device A is mirrored to device B via blockcast; device B's egress TC re-enters tcf_mirred_act() via blockcast and mirrors back to A, creating an unbounded recursion loop: tcf_mirred_act -> tcf_blockcast -> tcf_mirred_to_dev -> dev_queue_xmit -> sch_handle_egress -> tcf_classify -> tcf_mirred_act -> (repeat) This recursion continues until the kernel stack overflows. The bug is reachable from an unprivileged user via unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNET): user namespaces grant CAP_NET_ADMIN in the new network namespace, which is sufficient to create dummy devices, attach clsact qdiscs with shared blocks, and install mirred blockcast filters. BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit at ffffc90000b7fff8 Oops: stack guard page: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 2 UID: 1000 PID: 169 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc7-next-20260410 RIP: 0010:xas_find+0x17/0x480 Call Trace: xa_find+0x17b/0x1d0 tcf_mirred_act+0x640/0x1060 tcf_action_exec+0x400/0x530 basic_classify+0x128/0x1d0 tcf_classify+0xd83/0x1150 tc_run+0x328/0x620 __dev_queue_xmit+0x797/0x3100 tcf_mirred_to_dev+0x7b1/0xf70 tcf_mirred_act+0x68a/0x1060 [repeating ~30+ times until stack overflow] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt Fix this by incrementing sched_mirred_nest before calling tcf_blockcast() and decrementing it on return, mirroring the non-blockcast path. This ensures subsequent recursive entries see the updated counter and are correctly limited by MIRRED_NEST_LIMIT.

Apache XML Graphics Batik: Denial of Service via SVG Element Reference Resolution

Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Apache XML Graphics Batik. This issue affects Apache XML Graphics Batik: through 1.19. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.20, which fixes the issue.

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in Telerik Document Processing Libraries RadSpreadProcessing and RadSpreadStreamProcessing

In Progress® Telerik® Document Processing Libraries prior to version 2026.3.1027, uncontrolled recursion, infinite loop, unchecked loop condition and inefficient regular expression vulnerabilities in RadSpreadProcessing and RadSpreadStreamProcessing allow an unauthenticated attacker to terminate or hang the host process via a crafted XLSX or XLS workbook or formula.

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in Telerik Document Processing Libraries RadPdfProcessing and AI Document Summarization and Question Answering

In Progress® Telerik® Document Processing Libraries prior to version 2026.3.1027, uncontrolled recursion, infinite loop, inefficient algorithmic complexity and resource allocation vulnerabilities in RadPdfProcessing and AI document summarization and question answering allow an unauthenticated attacker to terminate or hang the host process via a crafted PDF document or document text submitted for summarization or question answering.

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in Telerik Document Processing Libraries RadWordsProcessing

In Progress® Telerik® Document Processing Libraries prior to version 2026.3.1027, uncontrolled recursion, inefficient algorithmic complexity and infinite loop vulnerabilities in RadWordsProcessing allow an unauthenticated attacker to terminate or hang the host process via a crafted DOCX, DOC, RTF or HTML document.

Full server crash via unbounded per-operand recursion in time-series query vectorization

An issue in MongoDB Server's query processing component allows an authenticated user with read privileges to cause a denial of service. Uncontrolled recursion in an internal query compilation component can lead to stack exhaustion and server process termination when processing certain queries against time-series collections.

Uncontrolled recursion vulnerability in QXmlSimpleReader XML parsing impacts Qt

An uncontrolled recursion vulnerability has been discovered in the Qt QXmlSimpleReader XML parsing functionality of the Qt 5 Core Compatibility APIs module (Qt 6) and the Qt XML module (Qt 5).

Photoshop Desktop | Uncontrolled Recursion (CWE-674)

Photoshop Desktop is affected by an Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability that could result in an application denial-of-service. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to crash the application, leading to a denial-of-service condition. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

dnspython dns.name.from_wire_parser() excessive CPU use

dnspython is a DNS toolkit for Python. Prior to 2.9.0, dns.name.from_wire_parser follows attacker-controlled DNS compression pointer chains without a hop limit. A malicious DNS wire-format message can force excessive pointer traversal during name decompression, causing high CPU use, application degradation, or denial of service in applications that process untrusted DNS messages. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.0.

OCSP responder certificate validity period not checked in public_key

Improper Certificate Validation vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_ocsp module) allows forged OCSP responses signed with an expired responder certificate to be accepted as valid. OCSP response verification in pubkey_ocsp:verify_response/5 and pubkey_ocsp:is_authorized_responder/3 in lib/public_key/src/pubkey_ocsp.erl does not check the validity period (notBefore/notAfter) of the OCSP responder certificate. An attacker who has obtained the private key of an expired CA-designated OCSP responder certificate can forge OCSP responses that Erlang/OTP accepts as valid. This affects TLS clients using OCSP stapling via the ssl application: a malicious or compromised server can present a revoked TLS certificate together with a forged OCSP response signed by an expired responder key, and the client will accept the revoked certificate as valid. It also affects applications calling public_key:pkix_ocsp_validate/5 directly, where the impact depends on the use case — server-side client certificate validation using this API may allow authentication bypass with a revoked client certificate. This issue affects OTP from OTP 27.0 before OTP 27.3.4.12, OTP 28.5.0.1, and OTP 29.0.1, corresponding to public_key from 1.16 before 1.17.1.3, 1.20.3.1, and 1.21.1.

geojson-vt: Uncontrolled Recursion in Nested GeoJSON GeometryCollection

geojson-vt is a JavaScript library for slicing GeoJSON data into vector tiles on the fly, primarily designed to enable rendering and interacting with large geospatial datasets on the browser side (without a server). Prior to version 6.1.1, @maplibre/geojson-vt contains an uncontrolled recursion vulnerability in its GeoJSON conversion logic. When a GeoJSONVT instance is constructed with a deeply nested GeometryCollection object, the mutually recursive functions featureToInternal and convertGeometryCollection in src/convert.ts exhaust the Node.js call stack, causing an unhandled RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded that terminates the process. Because the library is widely used in server-side tile services that accept GeoJSON over the network, a remote unauthenticated attacker can trigger a denial-of-service by sending a single crafted payload. No authentication is required, and no non-default library options are needed. This issue has been patched in version 6.1.1.

Authlib library contains a signature‑verification bypass vulnerability

Authlib (v1.8.0 and below) contains a signature verification bypass vulnerability. The JsonWebSignature.deserialize_json() method accepts a JSON Serialization JWS object and returns the payload as successfully verified without checking for a signature and without requiring a cryptographic key.

TLS/DTLS denial of service via unbounded recursion on cross-signed peer certificate chain

The Erlang/OTP ssl application does not detect cycles when reconstructing an incomplete peer certificate chain during a TLS or DTLS handshake. In ssl_certificate:handle_incomplete_chain/5, the received chain is passed to ssl_certificate:build_certificate_chain/5, which walks issuer relationships via ssl_certificate:do_certificate_chain/7 with no cycle detection and no depth limit. When the peer supplies two mutually cross-signed certificates in unordered form (A issues B, B issues A), the issuer lookup alternates between the two certificates and the pair of functions recurses indefinitely, growing the call stack and chain accumulator without bound. An unauthenticated remote attacker can send a crafted certificate chain in a TLS or DTLS Certificate handshake message to exhaust available memory and crash the BEAM node. Only a TCP connection and a partial handshake are required; no authentication or completed handshake is needed, and both TLS/DTLS servers and clients are affected when processing peer certificate messages. This issue affects OTP from OTP 23.2 before OTP 27.3.4.15, OTP 28.5.0.4, and OTP 29.0.4, corresponding to ssl from 10.2 before 11.2.12.11, 11.6.0.4, and 11.7.4.

Semantic MediaWiki 3.0.0 before 7.4.1 Uncontrolled Recursion via ElasticStore ConceptDescriptionInterpreter

Semantic MediaWiki 3.0.0 before 7.4.1 contains an uncontrolled recursion vulnerability in the ElasticStore ConceptDescriptionInterpreter that only detects directly self-referencing concepts. Users with page-edit rights can create mutually referencing concept pages, causing concept page views, Special:Ask, or api.php action=ask queries to exhaust PHP memory or stack.

plist.js before 5.0.1 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption via Binary Parser

plist.js (npm package 'plist') before 5.0.1 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in the binary property-list parser (parseBinary) that allows unauthenticated attackers to crash a Node.js process by exploiting unmemoized recursive resolution of shared object references for arrays and dictionaries. Attackers can craft a small binary plist (under 200 bytes) containing chained self-referencing object indices to trigger exponential (2^N) resolution calls and memory growth, causing an unrecoverable out-of-memory crash and denial of service.

CVE-2026-122113

A vulnerability in Realtek's RtUsbA64.sys USB audio driver allows a physically present attacker using a maliciously crafted USB device to trigger unbounded recursion in the driver's topology-parsing logic during device enumeration. Processing the crafted descriptor exhausts the kernel stack and causes a system crash (bugcheck), resulting in a denial of service. No authenticated user session is required.

ModSecurity: removeComments Transformation Fails to Strip Adjacent Comments, Enabling WAF Rule Bypass

ModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. Prior to 2.9.15 and 3.0.17, msre_fn_removeComments_execute in apache2/re_tfns.c and inplace() in src/actions/transformations/remove_comments.cc implement t:removeComments by copying the character immediately after a comment terminator without re-evaluating it. Adjacent comments can therefore leave a later comment in the transformed value, allowing inline-comment obfuscation to bypass rules that depend on comment stripping. When a comment terminator is the final content, the same copy reads one byte beyond the input buffer. This issue is fixed in versions 2.9.15 and 3.0.17.

Scriban before 7.5.3 Denial of Service via Uncatchable StackOverflowException

Scriban and Scriban.Signed before 7.5.3 contain uncontrolled recursion flaws in which postfix member, indexer, and call chains bypass ExpressionDepthLimit, array comparison lacks depth and cycle checks, and object.eval bypasses RecursiveLimit. Attackers who can supply templates can trigger an uncatchable StackOverflowException that terminates the host process.

Vulnerability-Lookup: memory amplification through webhook payload template format specifiers

In Vulnerability-Lookup 5.5.1 up to but not including 6.4.1, a signed-in user could make the server allocate memory far out of proportion to their input through a webhook notification's payload template. Each placeholder's format specifier was passed unchanged to Python's string formatting, which builds the padded result before its size can be checked. A template of a few dozen bytes, such as {"text": "{title:>999999999}"}, therefore produced a string of about 1 GB when the notification form test-rendered it on save, and repeating such fields multiplied the cost. Templates that passed the save check could also repeat placeholders such as {text} thousands of times; the notification daemon rebuilt those on every webhook delivery. Deeply nested templates raised an unhandled recursion error (HTTP 500). An attacker needs only an account, which the default configuration lets anyone create after e-mail confirmation. They could exhaust the memory of web workers or the notification daemon, causing a denial of service. Version 6.4.1 caps every number in a format specifier at 256, limits a rendered template to 1,000,000 characters both on save and at delivery, and rejects templates nested deeper than 32 levels.

In Eclipse Kura versions 5.4.0 through 5.6.2, the Service Listing V1 REST API read the JSON body of every request into memory, with no limit on its size. The endpoints parse the body before they check whether the caller is authenticated. A remote attacker without valid credentials can therefore send a few dozen large JSON requests at the same time, exhaust the Java heap with an `OutOfMemoryError`, and cause a denial of service. Likewise, a remote attacker, can send a deeply nested JSON request and trigger a `StackOverflowError` because of an unbound recursion in Service Listing V1.